Assessing the scalability of evidence-based healthy eating and physical activity interventions in early childhood education and care: A cross-sectional study of end-user perspectives.

Objectives: To describe early childhood education and care (ECEC) services: i) perceptions regarding the scalability of healthy eating and physical activity interventions; and ii) associations between scalability and service characteristics.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a randomly selected sample of ECEC services across Australia. The scalability of 12 healthy eating and physical activity interventions was assessed using items based on the Intervention Scalability Assessment Tool.

Global Prevalence of Adolescent Use of Nonprescription Weight-Loss Products: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Use of nonprescribed weight-loss products in adolescents is a public health concern that is associated with negative physical and psychological consequences. However, the prevalence of nonprescribed weight-loss product use in adolescents is unknown.

Objective: To determine the global prevalence of nonprescription weight-loss product use in children and adolescents.

Evaluative judgement in practice education: How does the ability to judge the quality of work impact placement performance?

Introduction: Occupational therapy students need to be ready to work autonomously in a range of environments as soon as they complete their degree. Practice education experiences are considered key to students developing the competencies that autonomous work requires. To function autonomously in practice environments, it is argued that practitioners need to be able to judge the quality of their own work and the work of others.

Physical Literacy in the Context of Climate Change: Is There a Need for Further Refinement of the Concept?

The concept of physical literacy (PL) has witnessed enormous popularity in recent years and has undergone substantial theoretical evolvement during the last 2 decades. However, the research field pertaining to PL has not yet initiated discussions around the challenges of climate change and the alignment with conceptualizations of planetary health. Therefore, we argue that the consideration of an "ecological domain" for individual physical activity, in the form of ecological awareness, would further evolve the concept.

The relationship between parent's self-reported exposure to food marketing and child and parental purchasing and consumption outcomes in five countries: findings from the International Food Policy Study.

Food and beverage marketing influences children's food preferences and dietary intake. Children's diets are also heavily influenced by their family environment. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between parent's self-reported exposure to unhealthy food marketing and a range of outcomes related to children's desire for and intake of unhealthy foods and beverages.

Spillover effects of childhood obesity prevention interventions: A systematic review.

Background: Childhood obesity prevention initiatives are complex interventions that aim to improve children's obesity-related behaviors and provide health promoting environments. These interventions often impact individuals, communities, and outcomes not primarily targeted by the intervention or policy. To accurately capture the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of childhood obesity prevention interventions, an understanding of the broader impacts (or spillover effects) is required.

The role of people with intellectual disability in intellectual disability research: A systematic review of Delphi studies.

Background: The way intellectual disability research is designed warrants critical examination, as the knowledge produced through these approaches informs evidence-based practices. People with lived experience should be considered experts in relation to understanding their bodies, conditions, and treatment.

Method: This systematic review analyses the design of Delphi studies, to determine the extent to which people with intellectual disability are involved as experts.

The Effectiveness of Strategies to Improve User Engagement With Digital Health Interventions Targeting Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Overweight and Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Digital health interventions (DHIs) are effective in improving poor nutrition, physical inactivity, overweight and obesity. There is evidence suggesting that the impact of DHIs may be enhanced by improving user engagement. However, little is known about the overall effectiveness of strategies on engagement with DHIs.

Economic evidence for prevention and treatment of eating disorders: An updated systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review updates an existing review examining the cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent and treat eating disorders (EDs).

Method: Literature search was conducted in Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EconLit, Global Health, ERIC, Health Business Elite, and Health Policy Reference Center electronic databases, capturing studies published between March 2017 to April 2023. Hand-searching was conducted as supplementary including gray literature search.

Efficacy and safety of a 4-week course of repeated subcutaneous ketamine injections for treatment-resistant depression (KADS study): randomised double-blind active-controlled trial.

Background: Prior trials suggest that intravenous racemic ketamine is a highly effective for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but phase 3 trials of racemic ketamine are needed.

Aims: To assess the acute efficacy and safety of a 4-week course of subcutaneous racemic ketamine in participants with TRD. Trial registration: ACTRN12616001096448 at www.

Protocol for a systematic review of reviews on training primary care providers in dermoscopy to detect skin cancers.

Introduction: Globally, incidence, prevalence and mortality rates of skin cancers are escalating. Earlier detection by well-trained primary care providers in techniques such as dermoscopy could reduce unnecessary referrals and improve longer term outcomes. A review of reviews is planned to compare and contrast the conduct, quality, findings and conclusions of multiple systematic and scoping reviews addressing the effectiveness of training primary care providers in dermoscopy, which will provide a critique and synthesis of the current body of review evidence.

Assessing health-related quality of life among cancer survivors during systemic and radiation therapy in Bangladesh: a cancer-specific exploration.

Background: Evaluating the effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment on a patient's overall well-being is crucial and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a reliable metric for assessing this impact. Little is known about HRQoL among cancer survivors across various stages and treatments. The study examined individual and clinical factors influencing HRQoL among cancer survivors.

Economic costs associated with unhealthy weight control behaviors among Australian adolescents.

Objective: This study explored the relationship between unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCBs) and their associated economic costs among adolescents using the 2014-2018 Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).

Methods: LSAC data in Wave 6 (n = 3538 adolescents aged 14-15 years), Wave 7 n = 3089 adolescents aged 16-17 years), and Wave 8 (n = 3037 adolescents aged 18-19 years) were derived from a representative sample of Australian adolescents. UWCBs were measured using the self-reported Branched Eating Disorder Test questionnaire.

Exploring Australian university students' and staff members' perspectives on an animal-assisted intervention as a health promotion initiative on campus.

Issue Addressed: The university campus environment is unique and complex, with students and staff members experiencing increasing levels of stress and anxiety over time. One intervention being used internationally to alleviate stress and anxiety is an Animal Assisted Intervention (AAI). This research aimed to explore Australian university students' and staff members' perspectives on an AAI prior to implementation.

Economic Burden and Service Utilization of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. This study aims to systematically synthesize the literature on service utilization and costs for children with ADHD.

Methods: The search included 9 databases for peer-reviewed primary studies in English from 2007 to 2023.

Media coverage of commercial industry activities impacting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health, 2018-2022.

This study aimed to examine the extent and nature of Australian news media coverage of commercial industry activities that explicitly speak to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander contexts. We undertook content and framing analysis of Australian newspaper and online media articles published between January 2018 and March 2022 that included terms related to 'Indigenous', 'commercial' and 'health'. Analysis focused on the nature of coverage, framing of responsibility, patterns over time and stakeholder representation.

Participant and GP perspectives and experiences of screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in community pharmacy during the Pharmacy Diabetes Screening Trial.

Background: The Pharmacy Diabetes Screening Trial (PDST) evaluated three approaches to screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in community pharmacy: (1) paper-based risk assessment (AUSDRISK) alone; and AUSDRISK followed by a point of care test if AUSDRISK ≥ 12; with either (2) HbA1c; or (3) small capillary blood glucose Test (scBGT). This paper reports the perspectives and experiences of the pharmacy screening service of two key stakeholder groups: screening participants and general practitioners (GPs).

Methods: All referred participants (n = 2242) received an online survey to determine the outcome of the referral, as well as their level of satisfaction with the service.

Cost of maternal complications and its associated factors among mothers attending Hawassa public hospitals, Southern Ethiopia.

Background: The cost of maternal complications is considered as an important factor hindering the utilization of maternal health care services. However, information of estimate of spending on maternal complication was lacking. This study was aimed to estimate the cost of maternal complications and associated factors among mother's attending Hawassa public hospitals, Sidama Regional state, Ethiopia.

The association between body weight indices, behavioral factors, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based epidemiological studies.

Background And Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant public health concern in Africa. While the associations between modifiable risk factors and T2DM are likely to be Africa-specific, their overall estimations have not been published. This study aimed to use systematic and meta-analytic methods to examine the strength of associations between modifiable risk factors and T2DM in Africa.

Disseminating health research to public health policy-makers and practitioners: a survey of source, message content and delivery modality preferences.

Background: Understanding the views of policy-makers and practitioners regarding how best to communicate research evidence is important to support research use in their decision-making.

Aim: To quantify and describe public health policy-makers and practitioners' views regarding the source, content and form of messages describing public health research findings to inform their decision-making. We also sought to examine differences in preferences between public health policy-makers and practitioners.

Early offering transcatheter aortic valve replacement to patients with moderate aortic stenosis: quantifying costs and benefits - a Markov model-based simulation study.

Objective: Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most common acquired cardiac valvular diseases. The success of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe AS has led to increasing interest in its use to earlier disease-moderate AS (MAS).

Design: Model-based study using a Markov microsimulation technique to evaluate the long-term costs and benefits associated with 'early' TAVI.

The Influence of Motor Competence on Broader Aspects of Health: A Systematic Review of the Longitudinal Associations Between Motor Competence and Cognitive and Social-Emotional Outcomes.

Background: Motor competence has important developmental associations with aspects of physical health, but there has been no synthesis of longitudinal associations with cognitive and social-emotional health.

Objectives: The first aim was to present a conceptual model that positions motor competence as a mediator between physical activity and cognitive and social-emotional outcomes. The second aim was to synthesize the association of motor competence and cognitive and social-emotional development using longitudinal observational and experimental evidence, in particular to (i) identify the role of task, individual, and environmental characteristics in moderating the association between motor and cognitive and social-emotional outcomes and (ii) synthesize the strength of evidence pertaining to domain-specific relationships.

Conceptualizing weight management for night shift workers: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Shift workers have an increased risk of obesity and metabolic conditions. This mixed-methods systematic literature review on night shift workers aimed to: (1) identify barriers/enablers of weight management; (2) examine effectiveness of weight management interventions; and (3) determine whether interventions addressed enablers/barriers. Six databases were searched, articles screened by title/abstract, followed by full-text review, and quality assessment.

Health Service Utilisation of People Living with Psychosis: Validity of Self-report Compared with Administrative Data in a Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Self-reported service use informs resource utilisation and cost estimates, though its validity for use within economic evaluations is uncertain.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess agreement in health resource-use measurement between self-reported and administrative data across different resource categories, over time and between different recall periods by subgroups among Australians living with psychosis.

Methods: Data were obtained for 104 participants with psychotic disorders from a randomised controlled trial.

Interventions to prevent or cease electronic cigarette use in children and adolescents.

Background: The prevalence of e-cigarette use has increased globally amongst children and adolescents in recent years. In response to the increasing prevalence and emerging evidence about the potential harms of e-cigarettes in children and adolescents, leading public health organisations have called for approaches to address increasing e-cigarette use. Whilst evaluations of approaches to reduce uptake and use regularly appear in the literature, the collective long-term benefit of these is currently unclear.