Development of an Instrument for the Assessment of Health-Related Multi-sectoral Resource Use in Europe: The PECUNIA RUM.

Background: Measuring objective resource-use quantities is important for generating valid cost estimates in economic evaluations. In the absence of acknowledged guidelines, measurement methods are often chosen based on practicality rather than methodological evidence. Furthermore, few resource-use measurement (RUM) instruments focus on the measurement of resource use in multiple societal sectors and their development process is rarely described.

Longitudinal exploration of students' identity formation during the transition from pre-clinical to clinical training using research poetry.

Background: Transitions are critical periods that can lead to growth and, or, distress. Transitions are a sociocultural process, yet most approaches to transitions in practice and research do not explore the social or developmental aspects of entering a new training phase. Wenger reminds us that identity development is crucial when newcomers navigate change.

A comprehensive approach to identify challenges for clinical reasoning development in undergraduate dental students and their potential solutions.

Introduction: Clinical reasoning is a core competence in health professions that impacts the ability to solve patients' health problems. Due to its relevance, it is necessary to identify difficulties arising from different sources that affect clinical reasoning development in students. The aim of this study was to explore a comprehensive approach to identify challenges for clinical reasoning development in undergraduate dental students and their potential solutions.

Learning from complex elderly care: a qualitative study on motivating residents in family medicine.

Background: More and more patients need complex care, especially the elderly. For various reasons, this is becoming increasingly difficult. The onus is essentially on family physicians to provide this care and family medicine residency programs should therefore prepare their residents for this task.

Effects of breaking up sitting with light-intensity physical activity on cognition and mood in university students.

Background: University students often exhibit high levels of sedentary behavior that is negatively associated with cognition and mood. On the other hand, light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) may improve cognitive performance and mood. Therefore, this study investigated the acute effect of LIPA breaks during prolonged sitting on attention, executive functioning, and mood.

Are intersectoral costs considered in economic evaluations of interventions relating to sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? A systematic review.

Background/objective: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) not only have an impact on the health sector but also the private resources of those affected, their families and other sectors of society (i.e. labour, education).

Editorial Board Composition Among Pediatric Cardiology Journals: Time to Cast the Net Wider.

Background: No data currently exist on the diversity of editorial board members (EBMs) of pediatric cardiology journals.

Objectives: The objective was to investigate the editorial boards of 5 pediatric cardiology journals to assess the composition of these boards in terms of the geographical, gender, and economic representation of their members.

Methods: Information on EBMs was collected directly from 5 journal websites accessed in February 2022.

Trainees' perceptions of being allowed to fail in clinical training: A sense-making model.

Introduction: Clinical supervisors allow trainees to fail during clinical situations when trainee learning outweighs concerns for patient safety. Trainees perceive failure as both educationally valuable and emotionally draining; however, the nuance of supervised failures has not been researched from the trainee perspective. This study explored trainees' awareness and their experience of failure and allowed failure to understand those events in-depth.

Managing uncertainty in decision-making of common congenital cardiac defects.

Decision-making in congenital cardiac care, although sometimes appearing simple, may prove challenging due to lack of data, uncertainty about outcomes, underlying heuristics, and potential biases in how we reach decisions. We report on the decision-making complexities and uncertainty in management of five commonly encountered congenital cardiac problems: indications for and timing of treatment of subaortic stenosis, closure or observation of small ventricular septal defects, management of new-onset aortic regurgitation in ventricular septal defect, management of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery in an asymptomatic patient, and indications for operating on a single anomalously draining pulmonary vein. The strategy underpinning each lesion and the indications for and against intervention are outlined.

Battling the obesity epidemic with a school-based intervention: Long-term effects of a quasi-experimental study.

Background: School-based health-promoting interventions are increasingly seen as an effective population strategy to improve health and prevent obesity. Evidence on the long-term effectiveness of school-based interventions is scarce. This study investigates the four-year effectiveness of the school-based Healthy Primary School of the Future (HPSF) intervention on children's body mass index z-score (BMIz), and on the secondary outcomes waist circumference (WC), dietary and physical activity (PA) behaviours.

The limited use of instructional design guidelines in healthcare simulation scenarios: an expert appraisal.

Background: Systematic reviews on simulation training effectiveness have pointed to the need to adhere to evidence-based instructional design (ID) guidelines. ID guidelines derive from sound cognitive theories and aim to optimize complex learning (integration of knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and learning transfer (application of acquired knowledge and skills in the workplace). The purpose of this study was to explore adherence to ID guidelines in simulation training programs for dealing with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), a high-risk situation and the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide.

Associations between muscle mass/strength and healthcare costs/use for patients with cancer: A systematic literature review.

Purpose: To review published scientific evidence evaluating the potential associations between muscle mass/strength and healthcare use/costs for patients with cancer.

Methods: In accordance with the predefined protocol for a systematic literature review, studies assessing potential associations between muscle mass/strength and healthcare costs/use in cancer patients were searched on MEDLINE (via Ovid) and on the NHS Economic Evaluation Database in September 2021. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.

State-of-the-art literature review methodology: A six-step approach for knowledge synthesis.

Introduction: Researchers and practitioners rely on literature reviews to synthesize large bodies of knowledge. Many types of literature reviews have been developed, each targeting a specific purpose. However, these syntheses are hampered if the review type's paradigmatic roots, methods, and markers of rigor are only vaguely understood.

Early career experiences of international medical program graduates: An international, longitudinal, mixed-methods study.

Introduction: Increasingly medical students pursue medical education abroad. Graduates from International Medical Programs (IMPs) practice globally, yet how to prepare students for an unknown international environment is complex. Following IMP graduates throughout their early careers, this study offers insights into gaps in current undergraduate education.

How argumentation theory can inform assessment validity: A critical review.

Introduction: Many health professions education (HPE) scholars frame assessment validity as a form of argumentation in which interpretations and uses of assessment scores must be supported by evidence. However, what are purported to be validity arguments are often merely clusters of evidence without a guiding framework to evaluate, prioritise, or debate their merits. Argumentation theory is a field of study dedicated to understanding the production, analysis, and evaluation of arguments (spoken or written).

Learning the breast examination with Physical Exam Teaching Associates: development and evaluation of the teaching setup. An action research approach.

Learning how to perform the clinical breast examination (CBE) as an undergraduate medical student is an important though complex activity, due to its intimate nature. A Physical Exam Teaching Associate (PETA) - based teaching session addresses this issue and is well founded in literature, though detailed information regarding its development is missing. In this study, we address this gap by providing a comprehensive description of the design and development of a PETA-based session for teaching the CBE.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of dynamic bracing versus standard care alone in patients suffering from osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: protocol for a multicentre, two-armed, parallel-group randomised controlled trial with 12 months of follow-up.

Introduction: Patients with osteoporosis may suffer from a fracture after minimal trauma. Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are among the most common fractures, often leading to substantial pain. There is a need for evidence-based conservative treatment to aid in the management of OVCFs.

Orthopaedic surgeons' perspective on the implementation of outpatient hip and knee arthroplasty - Results of a nationwide survey.

Background: Outpatient joint arthroplasty (OJA) for the hip and knee is gaining popularity among orthopaedic surgeons worldwide. The purposes of this study were to (1) assess the proportion of Dutch orthopaedic surgeons who perform OJA; (2) identify surgeons' willingness to implement OJA in the future; (3) identify reasons and barriers to implement OJA; and (4) gather surgeon's perspective on the implementation of OJA.

Methods: A 20-item survey was developed and administered by email to orthopaedic surgeons who are a member of the Dutch Hip Society and Dutch Knee Society.

Supervisors' transformational leadership style and residents' job crafting in surgical training: the residents' views.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the effects of three supervisors' leadership styles (transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire) on residents' job crafting.

Methods: Sequential explanatory mixed-methods. First, a purposive sample of residents rated the leadership style of their supervisors and their own job crafting on the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and the Dutch Job Crafting Scale.

Prosthetic hip-associated cobalt toxicity: a systematic review of case series and case reports.

Prosthetic hip-associated cobalt toxicity (PHACT) is caused by elevated blood cobalt concentrations after hip arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to determine which symptoms are reported most frequently and in what type of bearing. We also try to determine the blood level of cobalt concentrations associated with toxicological symptoms.

Paediatric and adult congenital cardiology education and training in Europe.

Background: Limited data exist on training of European paediatric and adult congenital cardiologists.

Methods: A structured and approved questionnaire was circulated to national delegates of Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology in 33 European countries.

Results: Delegates from 30 countries (91%) responded.

Cognitive diagnostic modelling in healthcare professions education: an eye-opener.

Criticisms about psychometric paradigms currently used in healthcare professions education include claims of reductionism, objectification, and poor compliance with assumptions. Nevertheless, perhaps the most crucial criticism comes from learners' difficulty in interpreting and making meaningful use of summative scores and the potentially detrimental impact these scores have on learners. The term "post-psychometric era" has become popular, despite persisting calls for the sensible use of modern psychometrics.

Design and evaluation of a team-based interprofessional practice placement: A design-based research approach.

Introduction: Team-based Interprofessional Practice Placements (TIPPs) are innovative training practices. Evidence to substantiate the design of TIPPs is limited. This study explores the design and evaluation of TIPPs to support undergraduate students in gaining a better understanding of the complexity of patient problems in primary care settings and of collaboration within interprofessional teams.

Associations between admissions factors and the need for remediation.

This study examines the way in which student characteristics and pre-admissions measures are statistically associated with the likelihood a student will require remediation for academic and professionalism offenses. We anchor our inquiry within Irby and Hamstra's (2016) conceptual framework of constructs of professionalism. Data from five graduating cohorts (2014-2018) from McMaster University (Hamilton, Canada) (N = 1,021) were retroactively collected and analyzed using traditional and multinominal logistic regression analyses.