Executive Function Strengths in Athletes: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Whether athletes possess superior executive functions still needs further examination. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the executive function advantages of athletes and the differences in these advantages between open- and closed-skill sports through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Computer searches of CNKI, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SPORTDiscus databases were conducted.

Investigating students' intention to utilize an e-learning platform in an aviation institution during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aviation College is a higher education institution that shifted to e-Learning as the education platform during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This shift has posed challenges, especially in developing countries like the Philippines. This study aims to evaluate students' intentions toward using an e-learning platform at a collegiate aviation institution during the pandemic by employing an integrated extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Seddon's Information System (IS) Success Model.

Artificial intelligence and sexual reproductive health and rights: a technological leap towards achieving sustainable development goal target 3.7.

Target 3.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aims for universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services by 2030, including family planning services, information, education, and integration into national strategies. In contemporary times, reproductive medicine is progressively incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance sperm cell prediction and selection, in vitro fertilisation models, infertility and pregnancy screening.

Delving into female breast cancer: Distinct disease-specific survival outcomes between invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas revealed by propensity score matching.

Purpose: The difference in prognosis between invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is still controversial in the academic community. Resolving this controversy can help to more accurately determine patients' prognosis, provide further personalized treatment, alleviate unnecessary psychological burden for some patients, and provide direction for further fundamental research.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the SEER Research Plus Data 8 Registries, Nov 2021 sub (1978-2019), including female breast cancer patients diagnosed with ILC or IDC between 2010 and 2015.

Investigating factors influencing the donation intentions and volunteering intentions for the 2023 Turkey earthquake victims.

The 2023 Turkey earthquake, one of the most devastating natural disasters in recent history, highlighted the need to understand factors driving public support. This study aimed to explore the determinants of donation and volunteer intentions for earthquake victims by integrating Protection Motivation Theory and the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior. Using a convenience sampling approach, an online questionnaire with 76 items was distributed to 509 voluntary respondents.

The immune regulatory role of exosomal miRNAs and their clinical application potential in heart failure.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex and debilitating condition characterized by the heart's inability to pump blood effectively, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The abnormality of immune response is a key factor in the progression of HF, contributing to adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and cellular function, which are integral to the crosstalk between cardiac and immune cells, influencing immune cell functions, such as macrophage polarization, T cell activity, and cytokine production, thereby modulating various pathological processes of HF, such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction.

Quadriceps tendon autograft diameters are routinely above 8 mm, and preoperative size estimation before anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction may not be necessary for this graft type: A systematic review.

Purpose: To identify values of reported quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft diameter and length in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and to identify methods to predict these parameters.

Methods: A search was conducted across three databases from inception to 30 March 2024. Data on study characteristics, demographics, anthropometric data, imaging techniques, and QT autograft or harvested QT tendon parameters were extracted.

Sensor-Based Frailty Assessment Using Fitbit.

This study evaluated the reliability of Fitbit in assessing frailty based on motor and heart rate (HR) parameters through a validated upper extremity function (UEF) test, which involves 20 s of rapid elbow flexion. For motor performance, participants completed six trials of full elbow flexion using their right arm, with and without weight. Fitbit and a commercial motion sensor were worn on the right arm.

Left Ventricular and Atrial Function Analysis Following Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair.

Conventional echocardiography used to assess volumes of the left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA) along with mitral regurgitation grade is routine in studies before and after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (Mitral TEER). Previous studies focus on LV parameter changes and comparison of the functions before and a few months following Mitral TEER implantation, as well as LA reverse remodeling, by assessing LV volumes. However, less is known regarding LA strain changes in the early phase after the procedure.

The Role of Fetuin-A in Tumor Cell Growth, Prognosis, and Dissemination.

Fetuin-A, also known as alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid-glycoprotein (Ahsg), is a multifunctional molecule with diverse roles in biological processes such as mineralization, tumor growth, and inflammation. This review explores the involvement of Ahsg in various cancers, including liver, breast, prostate, colorectal, brain, osteosarcoma, and lung cancers. In many cancer types, Ahsg promotes tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis through various mechanisms, including cellular adhesion, spreading, chemotaxis, and modulation of cell-growth signaling pathways.

Uterine fibroids show evidence of shared genetic architecture with blood pressure traits.

Uterine leiomyomata (fibroids, UFs) are common, benign tumors in females, having an estimated prevalence of up to 80%. They are fibrous masses growing within the myometrium leading to chronic symptoms like dysmenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding, anemia, severe pelvic pain, and infertility. Hypertension (HTN) is a common risk factor for UFs, though less prevalent in premenopausal individuals.

Factors related to type 2 diabetic retinopathy and their clinical application value.

Objective: To compare the differences in clinical-related factors between patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and those without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to explore the risk factors or protective factors affecting DR in T2DM patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 380 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Handan Central Hospital from June 2023 to May 2024. Clinical data collected included baseline characteristics, hematological tests, metabolic indicators, and information on diabetic complications and comorbidities.

Acupuncture reduces sedative and anaesthetic consumption and improves pain tolerance in patients undergoing colonoscopy: a Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of acupuncture anesthesia on the consumption of sedatives and anesthetics, pain, and time consumption in patients undergoing colonoscopy, thus providing evidence that acupuncture anesthesia should be extended to endoscopists and anesthetists.

Methods: Four English and four Chinese databases were searched for randomised controlled trials of acupuncture anaesthesia in patients undergoing colonoscopy, published from database inception to 1 March 2023. Outcomes were consumption of sedatives and anaesthetics, pain tolerance, visual analog scale (VAS) score, the meantime consumption of examination, satisfaction, and adverse reactions.

Multiple "spaces": Using wildlife surveillance, climatic variables, and spatial statistics to identify and map a climatic niche for endemic plague in California, U.S.A.

Regional climatic features in endemic areas can help inform surveillance for plague, a bacterial disease typically transmitted by fleas and maintained in mammals. We use 7,954 coyotes (Canis latrans), a sentinel species for plague, screened for plague exposure by the California Department of Public Health - Vector-Borne Disease Section (CDPH-VBDS; 1983-2015) to identify and map plague-suitable local climates within California to empirically inform ongoing sampling and surveillance plans. Using spatial point processes, we compare the distributions of seropositive and seronegative coyotes within the "space" defined by the first two principal components of PRISM Climate Group 30-year average climate variables (primarily temperature and moisture).

Development of the Followership Evaluation Instrument for Nurses: A Prospective Longitudinal Survey.

Maintaining a healthy work environment in nursing practice depends not only on the leader's skill but also on the nursing staff's followership. The study purpose is to develop a followership instrument for nurses. We developed a followership evaluation instrument using data from two surveys conducted in 2013 and 2014 and assessed its validity using a questionnaire with nurses in Japan.

Explorations of using a convolutional neural network to understand brain activations during movie watching.

Background: Naturalistic stimuli, such as videos, can elicit complex brain activations. However, the intricate nature of these stimuli makes it challenging to attribute specific brain functions to the resulting activations, particularly for higher-level processes such as social interactions.

Objective: We hypothesized that activations in different layers of a convolutional neural network (VGG-16) would correspond to varying levels of brain activation, reflecting the brain's visual processing hierarchy.

Sex differences in COVID-19 vaccine confidence in people living with HIV in Canada.

Background: Understanding the roots of vaccine confidence in vulnerable populations, such as persons living with HIV (PLWH), is important to facilitate vaccine uptake, thus mitigating infection and spread of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. In an online survey of PLWH conducted in Canada during winter 2022 (), we reported that the overall COVID-19 vaccination uptake rate in PLWH was similar by sex. Here, we examined attitudes and beliefs towards vaccination against COVID-19 based on sex.

The diagnostic value of MRI segmentation technique for shoulder joint injuries based on deep learning.

This work is to investigate the diagnostic value of a deep learning-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image segmentation (IS) technique for shoulder joint injuries (SJIs) in swimmers. A novel multi-scale feature fusion network (MSFFN) is developed by optimizing and integrating the AlexNet and U-Net algorithms for the segmentation of MRI images of the shoulder joint. The model is evaluated using metrics such as the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), positive predictive value (PPV), and sensitivity (SE).

Development of a radiomic model for cervical cancer staging based on pathologically verified, retrospective metastatic lymph node data.

Background: Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among gynecological malignancies. Diagnostic imaging of lymph node (LN) metastasis for prognosis and staging is used; however, the accuracy in classifying the stage needs to improve.

Purpose: To examine the accuracy of AI-based radiomics in diagnosis, prognosis assessment and predicting the diagnostic value of radiomics for pelvic LN metastasis in cervical cancer patients.

Differential Effector Function of Tissue-Specific Natural Killer Cells against Lung Tumors.

Introduction: Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells capable of directly killing target cells while modulating immune effector responses. Despite their multifunctional capacities, a limited understanding of their plasticity and heterogeneity has impeded progress in developing effective NK cell-based cancer therapies. In this study, we investigated NK cell tissue heterogeneity in relation to their phenotype and effector functions against lung tumors.

The role of microalgal extracts and their combination with tamoxifen in the modulation of breast cancer immunotherapy (Review).

Cancer is one of the deadliest health menaces humans have ever witnessed. It is a leading cause of human mortality. Today, it remains a main leading cause of death globally primarily due to lifestyle changes and population ageing.