Exploring the potential active components and mechanisms of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum against ulcerative colitis based on network pharmacology in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic form of inflammatory bowel disease, which current treatments often show limited effectiveness. Ferroptosis, a newly recognized form of programmed cell death has been implicated in UC pathogenesis, suggesting that it may be viable therapeutic target. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (TH) has shown potential anti-UC effects, though it is unclear whether its therapeutic benefits are mediated by ferroptosis.

Inhibitory Effects of Compounds Isolated from L. (Noni) Seeds against Particulate Matter-Induced Injury.

L. (noni) is native to the tropical and semitropical areas and has been commercially available in health food stores and chain grocery stores specializing in natural foods, recently. Noni seeds are discarded as waste products through the industrial production of noni juice even though their bioactivity components might be a potential source of functional foods.

Fabrication and saltiness enhancement of salt hollow particles by interface migration.

The morbidity of the chronic diseases such as the hypertension and cardiovascular diseases has been increasing in recent decades. The unhealthy diet with excessive salt intake is one of the proegumenal causes. In this research, spherical hollow salt particles with high specific surface area and durable ginger flavor were prepared as a seasoning powder for salt reduction and saltiness enhancement in solid foods.

Enhancing the physical and oxidative stability of hempseed protein emulsion via comparative enzymolysis with different proteases: Interfacial properties of the adsorption layer.

Effects of enzymolysis by seven proteases (Alcalase, Bromelain, Flavourzyme, Papain, Pepsin, Protamex, and Trypsin) with distinct cleavage specificities on the emulsification performance of hempseed protein (HPI) and its correlation with the structural and interfacial characteristics were explored in this study. Upon enzymolysis, a remarkable decrease in α-helix and β-turn was observed in resultant hydrolysates (HPH), accompanied by a rise in β-sheet and random coil, notably by Alcalase, Bromelain, Papain, and Trypsin. Overall, proteolysis led to noticeable reductions in surface hydrophobicity and total sulfhydryls as well as a redshift in intrinsic fluorescence, with Papain showing the most pronounced effects, possibly due to its higher hydrolysis degree (4.

A Novel Image-Based Assessment for Pork Quality Classification via Electrochemical Impedance Combined With Sensory Evaluation.

Rapid detection of pork quality has garnered increasing attention due to its status as one of the most widely consumed meats in the world. This study developed an electrochemical impedance combined with sensory evaluation method to achieve real-time imaging and quality assessment of pork. The optimal parameters for pork detection were determined through system performance tests and a Design of Experiment, which included the use of an adjacent excitation pattern, an excitation current of 15 mA at 10 kHz, a detector diameter of 5 cm, and stainless-steel electrodes embedded in the pork.

From Soil to Salad: Strategies for Reducing Foodborne Illness Outbreaks.

This study addresses the global issue of foodborne illness, specifically focusing on those resulting from the consumption of leafy green vegetables. It explores the rising trend of consuming minimally processed or raw foods and the imperative of maintaining safety standards starting at the preharvest stage to prevent pathogenic bacterial contamination. The study identifies soil and irrigation water as key sources of pathogens and emphasizes the need for strict preventive measures during production and preharvest.

Comparing the antioxidant effects of single and binary combinations of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in vitro and in vivo and their application in yogurt.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) have been studied for their antioxidant properties, which can mitigate oxidative stress and improve health outcomes. The study aimed to compare the antioxidant properties of single and binary L.

Structure characterization of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and its effect on insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice.

Polysaccharide extracted from Grifola frondosa (GFP) was selected in this study. After preliminary separation, four factions were collected, named GFP-F1, GFP-F2, GFP-F3 and GFP-F4. GPF-F2 was further separated into two fractions, namely GFP-N1 and GFP-N2.

Validation of the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Determining Quercitrin in L. Cultivar Dangjo.

L. cultivar Dangjo (DJ), developed as a novel crop, possesses potential health benefits, such as reducing blood glucose levels. DJ contains flavonoid glycosides, bioactive compounds that have been found in various plants and have promising pharmacological effects.

Protective Effects of Peanut Sprouts from a Smart Farming System on the Barrier Function of Human Epithelial Cells.

Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, poses an emerging threat as it can lead to colorectal cancer, thrombosis, and other chronic conditions. The present study demonstrated the protective effects of peanut sprout extracts (PSEs) prepared from day 2 to day 7 of germination against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced epithelial barrier breakdown. Although the peanut sprout length increased in a time-dependent manner from day 1 to day 7, the extraction yields remained relatively consistent from day 2 to day 7.

Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

Integration of volatilomics and microbiome diversity reveals key flavor-related metabolic pathways in semi-dried large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea).

A complex microbial community is critical for developing unique flavors in semi-dried large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Volatilomics analysis identified hexanal, heptanal, nonanal, phenylacetaldehyde, 1-octen-3-ol, and butanoic acid were identified as the key flavor compounds in the fish. Clostridium sensu stricto was the dominant genus, with a relative abundance of 79.

Critical Role of Nanomaterial Mechanical Properties in Drug Delivery, Nanovaccines and Beyond.

Nanomaterials have become essential in the daily lives, finding applications in food, skincare, drugs, and vaccines. Traditionally, the surface chemistry of nanoparticles (NPs) is considered the key factor in determining their interactions with biological systems. However, recent studies have shown that the mechanical properties of nanomaterials are equally important in regulating nano-bio interactions, though they have often been overlooked.

The mechanism of egg white protein to enhance the thermal gel properties of giant squid (Dosidicus gigas) surimi.

In this paper, the interaction between egg white protein (EWP) and giant squid surimi was regulated by changing the ratio of surimi to EWP, and the mechanism of EWP on the gel properties of giant squid surimi was analyzed. The results showed that when the proportion of EWP was 16: 1, the hardness and springiness of surimi gel were the highest, reaching 645.5 g and 1.

Fish oil emulsions stabilized by enzymatic hydrolysis, glycation, and fibrillation of β-Lg: Stability and EPA/DHA bioaccessibility.

This study investigated the stabilization mechanism, storage stability, and in vitro digestion characteristics of oil-in-water fish oil emulsions stabilized by β-Lg modified through enzymatic hydrolysis, glycation, and fibrillation. The stabilization mechanism was elucidated by comparing droplet size, ζ-potential, interfacial protein thickness, and microstructure. Results showed that β-Lg modified through these combined processes formed a three-dimensional network, providing superior stabilization, while other modified proteins stabilized emulsions via surface adsorption.

Metabolic Engineering of for Xylose Utilization from Cellulosic Biomass.

Cellulosic biomass hydrolysates are rich in glucose and xylose, but most microorganisms, including , are unable to utilize xylose effectively. To address this limitation, we engineered a strain optimized for xylose metabolism through the xylose oxidoreductase pathway and promoter optimization. A promoter library with varying strengths was used to fine-tune the expression levels of the , , and genes, resulting in a strain with a strong promoter for and weaker promoters for and .

Heat-Processed Diet Rich in Advanced Glycation End Products Induced the Onset and Progression of NAFLD via Disrupting Gut Homeostasis and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism.

Epidemiologic studies have suggested an association between the consumption of dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) and the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the precise mechanism by which dAGEs induce NAFLD development, particularly the pathogenic role of the gut-liver axis, remains poorly understood. In this study, by establishing a high-AGE diet (HAD)-fed C57BL/6 mouse model, we employed multiomics approaches combined with a series of biological analyses to investigate the effect of HAD on NAFLD .

Construction and Application of Au NRs/4-MBA/PAM Ratiometric Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate for Fish Veterinary Drug Residue Detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is widely used for trace detection of substances, and the key to this technology lies in the preparation of the substrate material. In this study, a composite SERS material of Au NRs/4-MBA/PAM was constructed and characterized to better immobilize the reference molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA). Electron transmission microscopy results demonstrated that the PAM film helps Au NRs to pack closely, enhancing the stability of the material structure and reducing the interference of external environmental factors on the response of 4-MBA, thus improving the accuracy of quantitative determination.

Enhancement of foaming performance of hempseed protein by limited enzymatic hydrolysis: From the viewpoint of the structural and interfacial rheological attributes.

Effects of limited enzymolysis by Alcalase and Protamex on the foaming performance of hempseed protein (HPI) and its correlation with structural and interfacial rheological characteristics were investigated. Proteolysis induced a conformational shift from α-helix and β-sheet to random coil, indicating enhanced molecular flexibility. The surface hydrophobicity of Alcalase hydrolysates encountered an initial increase (5 min) followed by a sharp drop with prolonged hydrolysis, whereas Protamex showed minimal effects.

Engineering Saccharomyces boulardii for cell surface display of heterologous protein.

Saccharomyces boulardii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae share over 99 % genetic similarity yet exhibit distinct metabolic traits. While the cell surface display system of S. cerevisiae is well-documented, the equivalent system in S.