Identifying Community-Built Environment's Effect on Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms Trajectories Among Middle-aged and Older Adults: Chinese National Longitudinal Study.

Background: The effects of physical activity (PA) across different domains and intensities on depressive symptoms remain inconclusive. Incorporating the community-built environment (CBE) into longitudinal analyses of PA's impact on depressive symptoms is crucial.

Objective: This study aims to examine the effects of PA at different intensities-low-intensity PA (eg, walking activities) and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (eg, activities requiring substantial effort and causing faster breathing or shortness of breath)-across leisure-time and occupational domains on depressive symptom trajectories among middle-aged and older adults.

Combined exercise-induced modulation of Notch pathway and muscle quality in senescence-accelerated mice.

The Notch signaling pathway is crucial for skeletal muscle development, regeneration, inflammation, and aging. This study investigated the association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) and the Notch pathway in C2C12 cells, as well as explored the effects of combined endurance and resistance exercise on the Notch and autophagy pathways in the skeletal muscle of senescence-accelerated mouse-resistant 1 Sedentary (SAMR1 CT), SAMR1 exercised (SAMR1 EX), senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 Sedentary (SAMP8 CT), and SAMP8 exercised (SAMP8 EX). C2C12 myoblasts were transfected with siIL-10.

Effect of physical exercise on white matter microstructure in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial (PAM study).

Physical exercise is a promising intervention to improve brain white matter integrity. In the PAM study, exercise intervention effects on white matter integrity were investigated in breast cancer patients. Chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients with cognitive problems were randomized 2-4 years post-diagnosis to an exercise (n = 91) or control group (n = 90).

Stress Management Program for Scanxiety in People With Advanced Lung Cancer: Intervention Adaptation and Stakeholder Feedback.

Background: Although scanxiety is common and impactful for people with advanced lung cancer, few interventions address this psychosocial concern.

Aims: To create a stress management program for scanxiety.

Methods: We conducted a structured intervention adaptation process guided by the ADAPT-ITT framework.

Anticipatory and Compensatory Postural Adjustments in Sitting and Standing Positions During Functional Activities in Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Background And Purpose: Anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) and compensatory postural adjustments (CPA) have played a vital role in postural control since early childhood, which is critical to accomplishing activities in daily life. However, literature indicated dissimilarities and inconsistencies in APA and CPA analysis in sitting and standing positions in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Thus, this study analyzed the changes in postural control (APA and CPA) through the postural muscles [rectus abdominis (RA) and erector spinae (ES)] in both standing and sitting positions during functional activities (grasping a ball) in children with CP.

End user evaluation of the Canadian Spinal Cord Injury Physical Activity Guidelines: Barriers and facilitators to uptake and dissemination in the United States.

Objective: To engage U.S. end users to (1) gather information on facilitators and barriers to awareness and adoption of the Canadian Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Physical Activity (PA) guidelines; (2) inform potential adaptations to the presentation and messaging of the guidelines; and (3) develop recommendations for targeted dissemination strategies to promote awareness in the United States.

The effect of calcium supplementation on bone calcium balance and calcium and bone metabolism during load carriage in women: a randomised controlled crossover trial.

Calcium supplementation before exercise attenuates the decrease in serum calcium and increase in PTH and bone resorption. This study investigated the effect of calcium supplementation on calcium and bone metabolism during load carriage in women. Forty-eight women completed two load carriage sessions (load carriage 1 n = 48; load carriage 2 n = 40) (12.

Prioritization and multilevel mapping of implementation strategies for a cancer rehabilitation navigation program.

Background: Although determinants and strategies for implementing a cancer rehabilitation navigation (CRNav) program have been described, defining specific implementation interventions could improve uptake in oncology care delivery. This manuscript shares prioritized implementation interventions using a multilevel framework.

Methods: We convened interdisciplinary stakeholders from two CRNav programs to participate in an implementation mapping focus group.

Maternal exercise before and during pregnancy protects against genotoxicity and promotes offspring hippocampal health in mice prenatally exposed to high fructose.

The fetal brain is susceptible to programming effects during pregnancy, potentially leading to long-term consequences for offspring's cognitive health. Fructose intake is thought to adversely affect fetal brain development, whereas physical exercise before and during pregnancy may be protective. Therefore, this study aimed to assess biochemical and genotoxic changes in maternal hippocampi and behavioral, genotoxic, and biochemical alterations in offspring hippocampi.

Interventions implemented through sporting organisations for promoting healthy behaviour or improving health outcomes.

Background: Chronic diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Much of this burden can be prevented by adopting healthy behaviours and reducing chronic disease risk factors. Settings-based approaches to address chronic disease risk factors are recommended globally.

Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Management Among Indigenous Children and Youth: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Indigenous populations experience a disproportionately higher burden of early onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To contribute towards addressing this health disparity, evidence-based culturally appropriate interventions are urgently needed. This systematic review examines interventions designed to improve the prevention and management of T2DM among Indigenous children and youth.

Machine learning-based blood pressure estimation using impedance cardiography data.

Objective: Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement is crucial for the diagnosis, risk assessment, treatment decision-making, and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, cuff-based BP measurements suffer from inaccuracies and discomfort. This study is the first to access the feasibility of machine learning-based BP estimation using impedance cardiography (ICG) data.

Chemerin loss-of-function attenuates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in exercised obese mice.

Aims: To investigate the role of chemerin reduction in mediating exercise-induced Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and the amelioration of pancreatic β-cell function in obesity.

Materials And Methods: Obesity models were established using wild-type and chemerin systemic knockout mice, followed by 8 weeks of moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise training. Serum chemerin levels, GLP-1 synthesis, glucose tolerance, pancreatic β-cell function, structure, and apoptosis were assessed.

Influence of Menstrual Phase and Symptoms on Sleep Before and After Matches for Professional Footballers.

This study investigated the association of menstrual cycle phase and symptoms with objective and subjective sleep measures from professional footballers before and after matches. Twenty-three non-hormonal contraceptive-using professional footballers (from four clubs) were monitored for up to four menstrual cycles during a domestic league season. Menstrual phases (menstruation, mid-late follicular, luteal) were determined using calendar counting and urinary hormone tests (luteinizing hormone and pregnandiol-3-glucuronide).

Right Ventricular Restrictive Physiology Is Associated With Right Ventricular Direct Flow From 4D Flow CMR.

Background: Right ventricular restrictive physiology (RVRP) is a common occurrence in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). The relationship of RVRP with biventricular blood flow components and kinetic energy (KE) from 4-dimensional (4D) flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is unclear.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of 4D flow CMR parameters with RVRP in rTOF patients.

Self-Reported Performance and Hormonal-Cycle-Related Symptoms in Competitive Female Athletes.

Introduction: The present scientific consensus is that the menstrual cycle (MC) and hormonal contraceptive (HC) cycle only influence performance trivially. Nevertheless, athletes perceive changes in performance that they associate with different phases of their hormonal cycle.

Methods: A total of 959 female athletes completed a questionnaire, of which 750 were included in the present analysis.

Cardiac Ultrasound Training for Medical Students Utilizing Drawing and Ward-Based Instruction.

Introduction: In this report, we present a cardiac ultrasound training module for medical student learners. The module assists medical students in developing foundational skills in image acquisition, identification of normal cardiac ultrasound anatomy, and demonstration of professionalism when performing the associated OSCE exam.

Methods: We delivered the module across a 2-week cardiology rotation.

Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial.

The optimal strategy for improving cardiometabolic factors (CMFs) in young obese individuals through diet and exercise remains unclear, as do the potential mechanisms. We conducted an 8-week randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of different interventions in youth with overweight/obesity. Gut microbes and serum metabolites were examined to identify regulating mechanisms.

The Effect of Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation on Low Anterior Resection Syndrome After Colorectal Cancer Treatment.

Purpose: Low anterior resection (LAR) is the preferred surgical treatment of rectosigmoid or rectal cancers. However, it is often associated with bowel dysfunction, which is termed low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). Daily bowel dysfunction symptoms have a detrimental effect on quality of life (QOL).

Evaluating Digital Rehabilitation Outcomes in Chronic Musculoskeletal Conditions Across Non-Obesity, Obesity, and Severe Obesity.

Background: Obesity is a known risk factor and aggravator of musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. The rising prevalence of obesity calls for scalable solutions to address MSK conditions in this population, given their complex clinical profile and barriers to accessing care.

Purpose: To evaluate the engagement and clinical outcomes of a fully remote digital care program in patients with MSK conditions, focusing on those with and without comorbid obesity.

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on depressive and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Given the distinctive physiological characteristics of pregnant women, non-pharmacological therapies are increasingly being used to improve depressive and anxiety symptoms. Our objective was to explore and compare the impact of various non-pharmacological interventions in improving depressive and anxiety symptoms, and to identify the most effective strategies for pregnant women with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared non-pharmacological interventions to usual care, from the inception of each database up to October 5, 2024.

The treatment interventions and targets of cancer cachexia research during the past decade: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: Cachexia is a detrimental multifactorial syndrome that has been strongly associated with cancer. A growing body of data concerning its management is being generated from the ongoing advances of experimental cancer cachexia research. This study aimed to delineate the broad landscape of cancer cachexia research, by comprehensively presenting the treatment interventions and targets of cancer cachexia during the past decade.

Expert Consensus and Call on Actions for Weight Management in China: Advancing Healthy China Initiative Through Strategic Actions.

China faces a critical public health challenge with obesity rates exceeding 50% among adults and 20% among children. In response, the National Health Commission launched a comprehensive three-year "Year of Weight Management" initiative in March 2024, further emphasized by the 36th Patriotic Health Month's theme "Healthy Towns - Healthy Weight" in April 2024. These initiatives underscore the urgent necessity for implementing comprehensive strategies to combat obesity and its associated non-communicable diseases.

Tibiofemoral cartilage strain and recovery following a 3-mile run measured using deep learning segmentation of bone and cartilage.

Objective: We sought to measure the deformation of tibiofemoral cartilage immediately following a 3-mile treadmill run, as well as the recovery of cartilage thickness the following day. To enable these measurements, we developed and validated deep learning models to automate tibiofemoral cartilage and bone segmentation from double-echo steady-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Design: Eight asymptomatic male participants arrived at 7 a.

Challenging Extraction and Replacement of an Eight-year-old Nanostim Leadless Pacemaker and AVEIR Implant.

Leadless pacemakers (LPs) are emerging options for bradyarrhythmias. However, extraction can be risky if the device is in an unfavorable position. We present a challenging case of a Nanostim LP (NLP) (Abbott Medical Inc.