Selective colorimetric detection of carbosulfan based on its hydrolysis behavior and TiC/AuPt nanozyme.

Background: Carbosulfan (CBS) is a widely used carbamate pesticide in agricultural production, its easy decomposition into hypertoxic carbofuran poses serious threats to human health and food safety. Therefore, sensitive and accurate detection of CBS is of significant importance. Conventional chromatography-based techniques require expensive instruments and complicated sample pretreatment, limiting their application for fast detection.

To kill or to piggyback: Switching of viral lysis-lysogeny strategies depending on host dynamics.

Viruses wield significant influence over microbial communities and ecosystem function in marine environments. However, the selection of viral life strategies and their impacts on microbial communities remains enigmatic. In this study, we utilized a large-scale macrocosm, established using water samples from a marine coastal region, to enable community-level investigation.

Aquaculture source of atmospheric NO in China: Comparison of system types, management practices and measurement methods.

Aquaculture systems contribute to atmospheric NO, but the magnitude of this NO source is largely uncertain. Here, we synthesized data from 139 aquaculture sites based on 59 peer-reviewed publications, and estimated that China's aquaculture systems emitted 9.68 Gg N yr (4.

Regulation of the phenolic release and conversion in oats (Avena sativa L.) by co-microbiological fermentation with Monascus anka, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis.

Microbial fermentation is an effective method to improve the functional activity of oats (Avena sativa L.), while there are some limitations to the advantages of single microbial fermentation. In this study, a microbial co-culture fermentation system with Monascus anka, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to release and conversion oat phenolics was established.

Omnipotent antibacterial cotton fabrics with superhydrophobic and photothermal properties.

Due to the outbreak of global public health emergency, antibacterial fabrics such as face masks are in great demand. However, common antibacterial fabrics cannot kill bacteria in minutes and they are easy to be contaminated and lost biological activity. In this work, omnipotent antibacterial cotton fabrics with superhydrophobic and photothermal properties are developed by the combination of dopamine with copper sulfide (CuS) and silver nanoparticles on cotton fabrics, and post-modification with PDMS.

Enhanced Pb immobilization by CaO/MgO-modified soybean residue (okara) in phosphate mining wasteland soil: Mechanism and microbial community structure.

Lead (Pb) contamination is an inevitable consequence of phosphate mining, necessitating the development of effective remediation strategies. This study investigated the use of CaO/MgO-modified okara (CMS) as an eco-friendly approach to remediate Pb-contaminated soils from phosphate mining wastelands. In the present study, following 30 d of CMS application, the exchangeable Pb content was significantly decreased to 10.

Distribution characteristics, source analysis and ecological risk assessment of PAHs in tea garden soil in China.

In this study, we collected 177 soil samples from major tea-producing areas in China, systematically investigated the spatial distribution characteristics of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of these tea plantations and discussed the environmental factors influencing of the PAHs in tea garden soil. The feature ratio method and source analysis methods were used to determine the PAHs source in tea garden soil, and the potential risk of PAHs in tea garden soil was also evaluated. The results showed that the concentrations of the 16 PAHs in 177 samples ranged from 6.

Flooding increases plant-derived carbon accumulation in soils of aquatic-terrestrial ecotone.

Soils in the aquatic-terrestrial zone undergo periodic flooding and act as significant carbon sinks. However, the mechanisms governing soil organic carbon (SOC) formation in these zones are not well understood. This study elucidates the effects of periodic flooding on SOC accumulation at the water level drawdown zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, using lignin phenols and amino sugars as indicators of plant- and microbial-derived carbon.

Effects of land use and dissolved organic matter on pCO are dependent on stream orders and hydrological seasonality in a low-order karst river.

Human activities and stream accumulation influence carbon loadings, altering the distributions and characteristics of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon in rivers. It is widely recognized that such alterations affect dissolved organic matter (DOM) components, water environment and river carbon dioxide (CO) degassing, however, the control factors by which land use/land cover (LULC) and DOM components regulate the partial pressure of CO (pCO) are unclear. Here, in the Daning karst river system, an extensive investigation was presented to investigate the role of LULC and DOM components in influencing the spatial and temporal variability of pCO, as well as to investigate the regulating effect of stream order and hydrological rhythm on this influence.

A highly branched glucomannan from the fruiting body of Schizophyllum commune: Structural characteristics and antitumor properties analysis.

In this study, a highly branched glucomannan (SCP-1) from Schizophyllum commune fruiting body with good solubility was isolated, and its structural characteristics and antitumor properties were analyzed. The monosaccharides of SCP-1 were fucose, glucosamine hydrochloride, galactose, glucose and mannose with a relative molar ratio of 14:6:210:593:177, and the molecular weight (Mw) of SCP-1 was 15.1 kDa.

Applicability of soil health assessment dominated by biological indicators in facility agriculture.

The minimum data set (MDS) is widely used for soil health index (SHI) assessment, with the selection of indicators being crucial. However, biological indicators are less frequently used compared to physical and chemical indicators. This study aimed to establish a biologically-centered MDS for assessing soil health in tomato facility agriculture in Ningbo.

A new approach to biotransformation and value of kitchen waste oil driven by gut microorganisms in Hermetia illucens.

Hermetia illucens larvae are known for their ability to recycle organic waste, but their capacity to recover waste oils and the role of gut microorganisms in this process are not fully understood. To gain further insights, the biological recovery of waste frying oil into valuable lipids and the influence of gut bacteria on this biotransformation were investigated. The larvae efficiently digested and absorbed waste frying oil, demonstrating their potential for converting various oils into insect fat.

Extreme rainfall events eliminate the response of greenhouse gas fluxes to hydrological alterations and fertilization in a riparian ecosystem.

Riparian ecosystems are essential carbon dioxide (CO) sources, which considerably promotes climate warming. However, the other greenhouse gas fluxes (GHGs), such as methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO), in the riparian ecosystems have not been well studied, and it remains unclear whether and how these GHG fluxes respond to extreme weather, fertilization and hydrological alterations associated with reservoir management. Here, we assessed the impacts of hydrological alterations (i.

Pristine Wood-Supported Electrodes With Intrinsic Superhydrophilic/Superaerophobic Surface Intensify Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Wood, as a renewable material, has been regarded as an emerging substrate for self-supporting electrodes in large-scale water electrolysis due to numerous merits such as rich pore structure, abundant hydroxyl groups, etc. However, poor conductivity of wood can greatly suppress the performance of wood-based electrodes. Carbonization process can improve wood's conductivity, but the loss of hydroxyl groups and the required high energy consumption are the drawbacks of such a process.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) rather than warming and eutrophication directly affects partial pressure of CO (pCO) in mesocosm systems.

Environmental warming and eutrophication pose significant challenges to shallow lake systems, where dissolved organic matter (DOM) serves as a diverse and intricate mixture of organic macromolecules, playing a pivotal role in aquatic ecosystems. Despite its complexity, comprehending the interplay between environmental changes and DOM composition alterations and their subsequent impacts on aqueous CO partial pressure (pCO) is essential for a better understanding of carbon cycling. Yet, our current understanding in this realm remains limited.

Isolation and characterization of a novel bacteriophage against Vibrio alginolyticus from coastal waters and its environmental tolerance.

In response to the problems associated with drug resistance resulting from the use of antibiotics, phages have become desirable options for the treatment of Vibrio alginolyticus disease in aquaculture. In this study, we isolated a novel double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) phage named vB_ValC_WD615 infecting V. alginolyticus; this phage belongs to the family Podoviridae and has a short noncontractile tail (13 ± 1.

Eutrophication-induced shifts cause diverse responses in the phoD community of a plateau freshwater lake.

Eutrophication is a critical environmental challenge affecting lakes globally. Mitigating trophic level under endogenous phosphorus release is an unsolved problem in eutrophic lakes. However, understanding the dynamics and assembly of microbial communities encoding the alkaline phosphatase (phoD community) and their responses during trophic transitions in eutrophic lakes is limited.

Eutrophication constrains driving forces of dissolved organic carbon biodegradation in metropolitan lake systems.

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) components can be highly variable in aquatic ecosystems, and play a pivotal role in the global carbon cycles. To comprehend potential effects of nutrient enrichment on portion of DOC biodegradability (%BDOC), we conducted an extensive investigation on 26 urban lakes in a major metropolitan area in subtropical China in a small gradient of trophic levels from mesotrophic to light and middle eutrophic. In addition to field measurements on lake ambient conditions and laboratory analysis of DOC characteristics, we conducted a 28-day temperature-controlled incubation experiment, in which %BDOC of lake waters was determined.

Positive soil priming effects are the rule at a global scale.

Priming effects of soil organic matter decomposition are critical to determine carbon budget and turnover in soil. Yet, the overall direction and intensity of soil priming remains under debate. A second-order meta-analysis was performed with 9296-paired observations from 363 primary studies to determine the intensity and general direction of priming effects depending on the compound type, nutrient availability, and ecosystem type.

Straw return enhances grain yield and quality of three main crops: evidence from a meta-analysis.

Straw return is regarded as a widely used field management strategy for improving soil health, but its comprehensive effect on crop grain yield and quality remains elusive. Herein, a meta-analysis containing 1822 pairs of observations from 78 studies was conducted to quantify the effect of straw return on grain yield and quality of three main crops (maize, rice, and wheat). On average, compared with no straw return, straw return significantly (< 0.