Visible-Light-Stimulated Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Transistor Based on Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide via BiTe Light Absorption Layer.

To emulate a visual perception system, a bismuth telluride (BiTe)/indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) heterostructure is introduced for optoelectronic neuromorphic transistors (ONTs). Amorphous IGZO is applied as a channel layer to exhibit low off-current, high mobility, and persistent photoconductivity, enabling light-stimulated neuromorphic characteristics. The atomic ratio of In/Ga/Zn was 9.

Utilizing reconstruction achieves ultrastable water electrolysis.

The dissolution of active atoms under operating potential will lead to a decline in their oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, thus preventing the current highly active catalysts from being practically applicable in industrial water electrolysis. Here, we propose a sequential leaching strategy to utilize the dynamic restructuring and enhance the chemical bond strength for highly active and stable OER. Modeling on nickel-iron sulfides (NiFe-S), we introduced and utilized foreign Mo dopant preleaching as the sacrificial agent to alleviate the oxidation corrosion of partial M─S bonds.

Pseudologic Optical Circuit Method for Advanced Color Sensing in IGZO Phototransistor Arrays with Chlorophyll Absorption Layers.

Recently, the elimination of color filters has become a key focus in photodetector research because of the potential to create more compact and cost-effective sensor systems. In this study, a novel concept of a filter-free color-discrimination photosensor using an indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO, In/Ga/Zn = 3.1:2.

Optimizing dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties of epoxy resin through molecular design for multifunctional performance.

Epoxy resins are widely used as dielectric materials in electrical and electronic systems. However, the trend of miniaturization of electronic devices and increasing power output of electrical equipment have created new challenges for dielectric materials, necessitating low dielectric constants, high breakdown strength, and high electrical resistivity. This study introduces three molecular modifications to epoxy resin systems using facile synthesis procedures, including modifiers with bulky groups and crosslinking potential to reduce the dielectric constant while enhancing mechanical and thermal reliability, along with deep traps to increase breakdown strength.

Sensing equivalent kinematics enables robot-assisted mirror rehabilitation training via a broaden learning system.

Introduction: Robot-assisted mirror therapy has been widely developed to help remodeling of premotor cortex for patients suffering from motor disability of limbs. Nevertheless, it is difficult to achieve real-time adaptive control in robot-assisted mirror rehabilitation training, particularly for patients with varying levels of limb impairment.

Methods: This paper proposes an equivalent kinematics control framework based on the Broaden Learning System model for active robotic mirror rehabilitation, where people's bilateral upper limbs actively perform mirror movements to enhance the impaired limb's participation.

Unravelling the role of filler surface wettability in long-term mechanical and dielectric properties of epoxy resin composites under hygrothermal aging.

Epoxy resin (EP) incorporating inorganic fillers has garnered significant attention in the electrical and electronic industries due to its enhanced dielectric and mechanical properties, but its long-term performance under harsh conditions remains a critical concern. This study investigates the effects of filler surface wettability on the durability of EP-SiO composites. Micro-sized SiO with hydrophilic (HP) and hydrophobic (HB) surfaces are prepared via surface treatment, before they are incorporated into epoxy resin and subjected to hygrothermal aging at 95 °C and 95 % relative humidity for up to 1200 h.

MFMamba: A Mamba-Based Multi-Modal Fusion Network for Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images.

Semantic segmentation of remote sensing images is a fundamental task in computer vision, holding substantial relevance in applications such as land cover surveys, environmental protection, and urban building planning. In recent years, multi-modal fusion-based models have garnered considerable attention, exhibiting superior segmentation performance when compared with traditional single-modal techniques. Nonetheless, the majority of these multi-modal models, which rely on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) or Vision Transformers (ViTs) for feature fusion, face limitations in terms of remote modeling capabilities or computational complexity.

Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Study of the Temperature Dependences of the Optical and Exciton Properties of MoS and WS Monolayers.

The optical properties of MoS and WS monolayers are significantly influenced by fabrication methods, especially with respect to the behavior of excitons at the -point of the Brillouin zone. Using spectroscopic ellipsometry, we obtain the complex dielectric functions of monolayers of these materials from cryogenic to room temperatures over the energy range 1.5 to 6.

Hybrid Window Decoding for Joint Source Channel Anytime Coding System.

Joint source channel anytime coding (JSCAC) is a kind of joint source channel coding (JSCC) systems based on the causal spatially coupled coding and joint expanding window decoding (JEWD) techniques. JSCAC demonstrates greatly improved error correction performance, as well as higher decoding complexity. This work proposes a joint hybrid window decoding (JHWD) algorithm for JSCAC systems, aiming to reduce the decoding complexity while maintaining comparable error correction performance with the state of the art.

Optical skyrmions from metafibers with subwavelength features.

Optical skyrmions are an emerging class of structured light with sophisticated particle-like topologies with great potential for revolutionizing modern informatics. However, the current generation of optical skyrmions involves complex or bulky systems, hindering the development of practical applications. Here, exploiting the emergent "lab-on-fiber" technology, we demonstrate the design of a metafiber-integrated photonic skyrmion generator.

Noise-reducing quantum key distribution.

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a swiftly advancing field with the great potential to be ubiquitously adopted in quantum communication applications, attributed to its unique capability to offer ultimate end-to-end theoretical security. However, when transitioning QKD from theory to practice, environmental noise presents a significant impediment, often undermining the real-time efficacy of secure key rates. To uphold the operation of QKD systems, a myriad of protocols and experimental designs have been proposed to counteract the effects of noises.

Unleashing Giant Förster Resonance Energy Transfer by Bound State in the Continuum.

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), driven by dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs), is widely utilized in chemistry, biology, and nanophotonics. However, conventional FRET is ineffective at donor-acceptor distances exceeding 10 nm and measurements suffer from low signal-to-noise ratios. In this study, we demonstrate significant FRET enhancement and extended interaction distances under ambient conditions by utilizing a bound state in the continuum (BIC) mode within a dielectric metasurface cavity.

A machine learning feature descriptor approach: Revealing potential adsorption mechanisms for SF decomposition product gas-sensitive materials.

The man-made gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF) is an excellent and stable insulating medium. However, some insulation defects can cause SF to decompose, threatening the safe operation of power grids. Based on this, it is of great significance to find and effectively control the decomposition products of SF in time.

Enhancing Thermal Management of Graphene Devices by Self-Assembled Monolayers.

Two-dimensional graphene has emerged as a promising competitor to silicon in the post-Moore era due to its superior electrical, optical, and thermal properties. However, graphene undergoes a strong degradation in its in-plane thermal conductivity when it is coupled to an amorphous substrate. Meanwhile, the weak van der Waals interaction between graphene and the dielectric substrate leads to high interfacial thermal resistance.

Stabilized 30 µJ dissipative soliton resonance laser source at 1064 nm.

We demonstrate the first successful stabilization of a dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) mode-locked (ML) laser source using straightforward techniques. Our setup employed a figure-8 (F8) resonator configuration and a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) to achieve stable mode-locking, generating 1064 nm rectangular pulses with a 3 ns duration at a repetition frequency of ~ 1 MHz. The pulses were boosted in an all-fiber amplifier chain and reached 30 µJ and 10 kW peak power per pulse at 30 W average output power.

Large Scale Ultrafast Manufacturing of Wireless Soft Bioelectronics Enabled by Autonomous Robot Arm Printing Assisted by a Computer Vision-Enabled Guidance System for Personalized Wound Healing.

A Customized wound patch for Advanced tissue Regeneration with Electric field (CARE), featuring an autonomous robot arm printing system guided by a computer vision-enabled guidance system for fast image recognition is introduced. CARE addresses the growing demand for flexible, stretchable, and wireless adhesive bioelectronics tailored for electrotherapy, which is suitable for rapid adaptation to individual patients and practical implementation in a comfortable design. The visual guidance system integrating a 6-axis robot arm enables scans from multiple angles to provide a 3D map of complex and curved wounds.

Plasma-Driven Conversion of 2D Graphene into 3D Pouch for Improved Electromagnetic Absorption Performance.

Graphene-based materials are ideal for electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials (EAMs) due to their strong electrical and dielectric losses with reduced thickness and weight. To enhance the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of these materials, additional components are often incorporated. However, this approach not only increases the complexity of the synthesis process but also complicates and destabilizes the control of the material properties.

Integrating subject-specific workspace constraint and performance-based control strategy in robot-assisted rehabilitation.

Introduction: The robot-assistive technique has been widely developed in the field of neurorehabilitation for enhancement of neuroplasticity, muscle activity, and training positivity. To improve the reliability and feasibility in this patient-robot interactive context, motion constraint methods and adaptive assistance strategies have been developed to guarantee the movement safety and promote the training effectiveness based on the user's movement information. Unfortunately, few works focus on customizing quantitative and appropriate workspace for each subject in passive/active training mode, and how to provide the precise assistance by considering movement constraints to improve human active participation should be further delved as well.

Nanosecond Pulse-Driven Oxygen Bubble Plasma Activation of Low-Concentration Alcohol Solutions and its Sterilization Mechanism.

To address the current use of high-concentration (70-75%) alcohol solutions as disinfectants, which are known for their drawbacks such as flammability and strong odor, a new approach based on nanosecond pulse-driven bubble discharge in low-concentration ethanol solutions is proposed. Research findings indicate that O bubble plasma activated ethanol solution (PAES) exhibits superior sterilization efficacy. A 3 min treatment using 10% alcohol eliminated all bacteria (reducing the bacterial count by 7 orders of magnitude) with an energy requirement of only 10.

GeSe-embedded metal-oxide double heterojunctions for facilitating self-biased and efficient NIR photodetection.

Infrared radiation detection is significantly important in communication, imaging, and sensing fields. Here, we present the integration of germanium selenide (GeSe) with a metal-oxide heterojunction to achieve efficient near-infrared (850 nm) photodetection under zero bias conditions. Nickel oxide (NiO) and silicon (Si) formed a favorable energy band alignment for the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers, resulting in a high figure of merits.

Passive shimming of a 3T cryogen-free animal magnetic resonance imaging superconducting magnet with dense shim tray slots and small residual magnetic force.

Passive shimming is widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems due to its excellent efficacy and cost-effectiveness. However, conventional shim tray structures have difficulty in effectively adjusting magnetic field distributions under specific conditions. This limitation can lead to insufficient cancellation of harmonics and result in significant residual forces on the trays, impeding accurate placement of the trays.