Gene-environment interaction in molar-incisor hypomineralization.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is an enamel condition characterized by lesions ranging in color from white to brown which present rapid caries progression, and mainly affects permanent first molars and incisors. These enamel defects usually occur when there are disturbances during the mineralization or maturation stage of amelogenesis. Both genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to play roles in MIH's development, but no conclusive risk factors have shown the source of the disease.

Evaluating the substantivity of silver diamine fluoride in a dentin model.

Objectives: The goal of endodontic therapy is to prevent apical periodontitis. This is achieved by biomechanical preparation, microbial control using endodontic irrigants, and complete obturation of the canal space. In order to prevent possible post-obturation complications and for an added antimicrobial effect, substantivity is a desired characteristic of endodontic irrigants.

Expression Profiling and Functional Characterization of MicroRNAs in Apical Periodontitis.

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs that may orchestrate the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis (AP). This study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and investigate their target gene pathways in AP.

Methods: Total RNA was extracted from 10 human AP and 2 healthy apical tissues (controls) and subjected to miRNA sequencing for the identification of differentially expressed miRNAs (>1.

Oral Manifestations of Commonly Prescribed Drugs.

Drugs are being prescribed with more frequency and in higher quantities. A serious adverse drug event from prescribed medications constitutes 2.4% to 16.

Nuclear F-actin Cytology in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Oral cavity cancer has a low 5-y survival rate, but outcomes improve when the disease is detected early. Cytology is a less invasive method to assess oral potentially malignant disorders relative to the gold-standard scalpel biopsy and histopathology. In this report, we aimed to determine the utility of cytological signatures, including nuclear F-actin cell phenotypes, for classifying the entire spectrum of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Staining and aging-dependent changes in color of CAD-CAM materials.

Statement Of Problem: Consumption of some beverages and aging may affect the color of dental materials used in fixed prosthodontics, but their effect on recently introduced materials is not well known.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate staining, aging, and the exposure interval on color changes of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) resin nanoceramics (RNC), polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) materials, and lithium silicate and lithium disilicate ceramics.

Material And Methods: A total of 288 square-shaped, 1-mm-thick specimens prepared from Cerasmart, IPS e.

When should sleep bruxism be considered in the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders?

Objective: Both temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and sleep bruxism (SB) are known to be destructive to the masticatory system. However, the association between the 2 conditions is poorly understood. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between TMD and SB through the signs and symptoms in 2 patient groups: TMD only and TMD with SB.

Algorithm to quantify nuclear features and confidence intervals for classification of oral neoplasia from high-resolution optical images.

optical imaging technologies like high-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) can image nuclei of the oral epithelium. In principle, automated algorithms can then calculate nuclear features to distinguish neoplastic from benign tissue. However, images frequently contain regions without visible nuclei, due to biological and technical factors, decreasing the data available to and accuracy of image analysis algorithms.

Increasing value, reducing waste: tailoring the application of dental sealants according to individual caries risk.

Objectives: Despite a significant national investment in oral health, there is little understanding of the return in terms of quality. Value-based payments aim to refocus provider reimbursement based on the value created to the patient. Our objectives were to apply a set of dental quality measures to help determine the value of preventive dental care provided to children at two academic dental school clinics.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the oral cavity as first sign of disease: A case report.

Renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the oral cavity is rare. Significantly, the oral lesion in this case was the first indication of a malignant disease in the patient. This case underscores the importance of detailed history taking, interpretation of clinical finding, and high index of suspicion for metastatic disease to the oral cavity.

Considerations for Pregnant Dental and Health Care Workers amid COVID-19.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease that quickly reached pandemic levels. Over 5 million COVID-19 cases and approximately 330,000 deaths have been recorded worldwide. Transmission is primarily spread through direct, indirect (through contaminated objects or surfaces), or close contact with infected people via respiratory droplets, the mouth, and/or nose secretions.

Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of dentin hypersensitivity: an evidence-based overview for dental practitioners.

Though dentin hypersensitivity (DHS) is one of the most common complaints from patients in dental clinics, there are no universally accepted guidelines for differential diagnosis as well as selection of reliable treatment modalities for this condition. The neurosensory mechanisms underlying DHS remain unclear, but fluid movements within exposed dentinal tubules, i.e.

Marginal adaptation and internal indentation resistance of a Class II bulk-fill resin-based composite.

Purpose: To compare the dentin bonded external marginal integrity and the internal surface indentation hardness of bulk-fill and conventional resin-based composite (RBC) placed in both bulk and increments.

Methods: 120 MO and DO cavities were prepared in 60 extracted human third molars. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth per group to be restored as follows: BB (bulk-fill RBC, placed in a 4 mm bulk increment), BL (bulk-fill RBC, placed in 2 mm incremental layers), CB (conventional RBC, placed in a 4 mm bulk increment), and CL (conventional RBC, placed in 2 mm incremental layers).

High depressive symptom prevalence in dental students associated with lifestyle and well-being characteristics.

Purpose: Studies show health professional students have a high prevalence of depression. Dental students are especially susceptible due to the burden of the highest debt, exposure to bloodborne pathogens and chronic pain frequency. However, few studies on depression among U.

ADEA-ADEE Shaping the Future of Dental Education III: The impact of scientific technologies and discoveries on oral health globally.

The central purpose of scientific research and emerging dental health technologies is to improve care for patients and achieve health equity. The Impact of Scientific Technologies and Discoveries on Oral Health Globally workshop conducted joint American Dental Education Association (ADEA) and the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE) 2019 conference, Shaping the Future of Dental Education III, highlighted innovative technologies and scientific discoveries to support personalized dental care in an academic and clinical setting. The 2019 workshop built upon the new ideas and way forward identified in the 2017 ADEE-ADEA joint American Dental Education Association (ADEA) and the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE) 2019 conference, Shaping the Future of Dental Education II held in London.

Extracellular Matrix Composition and Remodeling: Current Perspectives on Secondary Palate Formation, Cleft Lip/Palate, and Palatal Reconstruction.

Craniofacial development comprises a complex process in humans in which failures or disturbances frequently lead to congenital anomalies. Cleft lip with/without palate (CL/P) is a common congenital anomaly that occurs due to variations in craniofacial development genes, and may occur as part of a syndrome, or more commonly in isolated forms (non-syndromic). The etiology of CL/P is multifactorial with genes, environmental factors, and their potential interactions contributing to the condition.

PBX-WNT-P63-IRF6 pathway in nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate.

Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common craniofacial anomalies in humans, affecting more than 135,000 newborns worldwide. NSCLP has a multifactorial etiology with more than 50 genes postulated to play an etiologic role. The genetic pathway comprised of Pbx-Wnt-p63-Irf6 genes was shown to control facial morphogenesis in mice and proposed as a regulatory pathway for NSCLP.

Finding Dental Harm to Patients through Electronic Health Record-Based Triggers.

Background: Patients may be inadvertently harmed while undergoing dental treatments. To improve care, we must first determine the types and frequency of harms that patients experience, but identifying cases of harm is not always straightforward for dental practices. Mining data from electronic health records is a promising means of efficiently detecting possible adverse events (AEs).

Stainability of acrylic resin materials used in CAD-CAM and conventional complete dentures.

Statement Of Problem: The effect of staining beverages on the color of dentures made with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) is unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the stainability of acrylic resins used in CAD-CAM-fabricated complete dentures compared with conventional materials.

Material And Methods: Acrylic resin denture teeth from 3 different manufacturers (2 conventional and 1 milled) were obtained (N=45).

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of the Prevalence, Length, and Passage of the Anterior Loop of the Mandibular Canal.

When placing implants in the anterior mandible, it is important to avoid damaging the mandibular nerve and its terminal extensions. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, length, and passage of the anterior loop of the mandibular canal, as well as the quantity of alveolar bone that is coronal to the canal, to help with implant placement in the anterior mandible. Cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans of 124 patients with 248 hemi-sections were evaluated.

The pararadicular radiolucency with vital pulp: Clinicopathologic features of 21 cemental tears.

Objective: The investigation was conducted to better characterize the clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features of cemental tears from a review of 21 cases.

Study Design: This was a retrospective review of consecutive cases collected from patient records of the investigators.

Results: Twenty-one cases were identified during an 8-year period.