The effects of current dentinal adhesives on the dentinal surface.

The effects of the dentinal surface treatments from six currently available commercial dentinal adhesives are presented. The adhesives are All-Bond 2, etched and unetched, Syntac, Prisma Universal Bond 3, Scotchbond Multipurpose, Tenure Solution, and Adhesive By Choice. Unerupted third molar human teeth were sectioned and treated with the appropriate adhesive according to the manufacturer's directions.

Shear bond strength and scanning electron microscopic observation of six current dentinal adhesives.

This paper presents shear bond strength data and scanning electron photo micrographs of six dentinal adhesives: All-Bond 2, etched and unetched; Syntac; Prisma Universal Bond 3; Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; Tenure Solution; and Adhesive By Choice. The methods used in tooth treatment and scanning electron microscopic observation were identical to those used in previous studies. This permitted comparisons among a total of 13 dentinal adhesives (seven from previous studies), all treated under the same experimental conditions and all currently available to the practitioner.

Effects of the Nd:YAG laser and combined treatments on in vitro fibroblast attachment to root surfaces.

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of the Nd:YAG laser either alone or in combination with root planning or air-powder abrasive treatment on fibroblast attachment to non-diseased root surfaces. 28, 4 x 4 mm root specimens and four disc-shaped root specimens 6 mm in diameter were obtained from unerupted 3rd molars. The root segments were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups: (1) control; (2) laser-only treated; (3) laser treated followed by root planning; (4) laser treated followed by air-powder abrasive treatment.

How personal protective equipment affects perceptions of dentists.

In this study, 248 college-educated young adults completed the Dental Fears Survey. Subjects then viewed one of two slides of a dentist. In one slide, the dentist wore no PPE at all; in the other, the dentist wore gloves, mask, glasses, face shield and lab coat.

Validation of a motor skills performance theory with applications for dental education.

While several investigations assessing applications of contemporary motor learning theory to preclinic laboratory instruction have been successful, they provide only indirect and incomplete validation of theoretical constructs. This study's purpose was to further evaluate the validity of salient constructs through the use of a validation technique called verbal self-reporting, and to describe applications for dental education. Subjects were videotaped completing a preparation.

The dentinal surface: its influence on dentinal adhesion. Part III.

This final paper in a series of three uses transmission and scanning electron microscopy to compare the category III dentinal adhesive systems--those with shear bond strength values near or exceeding 17 MPa. Contemporary commercial dentinal adhesive systems such as Superbond and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, chosen for their varied chemical pretreatments, are contrasted; a contemporary commercial system (Prisma Universal Bond 3) with characteristics of category I and II dentinal adhesives is also included for comparison. The shear bond strength values attained with most category III systems are high enough to cause cohesive failure of the dentin during bond strength testing.

Late effects of head and neck radiation therapy and patient/dentist compliance with recommended dental care.

Head and neck radiation therapy patients have permanent damage to their salivary glands, tissue, and bone. This damage may result in late effects such as: xerostomia, rampant dental caries, demineralization, trismus, and osteoradionecrosis. Therefore, a pretherapy dental evaluation and treatment and compliance with a long-term oral care regimen are necessary.

Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder symptoms in a major metropolitan area.

An accurate description of the population prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) would be of value to scientists, health-policy makers, and clinicians but, to date, various unreplicated epidemiologic methodologies have produced disparate prevalence figures. We report on a telephone survey that sought to describe the prevalence of six TMD-related symptoms among a random, non-clinic sample from the Kansas City metropolitan area. The prevalence figures for nocturnal bruxism, diurnal clenching, jaw soreness and joint sounds ranged from 10-19%.

Effect of vitamin C and vitamin E on prostaglandin synthesis by fibroblasts and squamous carcinoma cells.

Dietary levels of vitamins C and E have been associated with cancer prevention and to a lesser extent with therapeutic enhancement of cancer treatment. Inhibition of prostaglandins (PGs) by pharmacological agents has been demonstrated to enhance immunocompetence, and to suppress growth of tumors in animals and humans. We report here on the effect of vitamins C and E on PGE2 production by human gingival fibroblasts and SCC-25 oral squamous carcinoma cells.

Impact of overbite on indicators of temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Epidemiological studies have suggested that deep overbite is associated with symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). This finding was directly tested by deliberately constituted groups of deep and normal overbite subjects matched for age and sex. Eighty-one subjects participated.

Interrater agreement on subgingival calculus detection following scaling.

Accurate and reliable detection of subgingival calculus is a difficult skill which relies on subjective tactile sensations for determinations. This one year retrospective study examined the interrater agreement among a large, generalized pool of clinical examiners who scored residual subgingival calculus after student scaling. Four thousand one hundred and sixty tooth surfaces were analyzed for examiner agreement.

An assessment of the application of psychomotor learning theory constructs in preclinical laboratory instruction.

The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a survey assessing the application of constructs related to the acquisition of psychomotor skills in the preclinic curriculum. Questionnaires were mailed to all departments of operative dentistry, fixed prosthodontics, removable prosthodontics, pediatric dentistry, and periodontics. Personal and institutional anonymity were maintained.

Soft tissue management during implant maintenance.

Peri-implant soft tissue problems seen during the maintenance phase of implant therapy include an inadequate zone of keratinized tissue, mobility of grafted tissue, mucosal "pouching," gingival hyperplasia, gingival fistulas, and gingivitis. Techniques to alleviate or reduce these problems include free soft tissue autografts, apically positioned flaps, reduction of tissue thickness by a flap procedure or gingivectomy, and increased attention to the control of inflammation.

The dentinal surface: its influence on dentinal adhesion. Part I.

Three categories of dentinal adhesive are proposed: category I includes adhesives with shear bond strength values between 5 and 7 MPa; category II includes dentinal adhesives with shear bond strengths between 8 and 14 MPa; and category III includes adhesives with shear bond strength values up to 20 MPa. In part I of this article, photomicrographs of the dentinal smear layer and three category I first-generation dentin-adhesive interfaces are presented. The photomicrographs show that the wetting and penetration of the first-generation dentinal adhesives were not adequate to produce high shear bond strengths.

Out-of-office dentistry: an alternative delivery system.

Access to care continues to be a barrier in meeting the dental needs of a growing elderly population as well as other special patient care groups. One nontraditional delivery system reported and used by some practitioners is the mobile dental clinic. A dual purpose written survey was designed to: collect descriptive information about the operation of mobile and portable dental clinics and examine the attitudes and beliefs of dentists practicing out-of-office dentistry.

Comparison of two-surface and multiple-surface scoring methodologies for in vitro microleakage studies.

Investigators differ on the use of a two-surface or multiple-surface scoring methodology in sectional microleakage studies. This study compared microleakage scores using both two-surface and multiple-surface scoring methods for two preparation types and two different dentin bonding agents. Twenty freshly extracted molars each received one box-shaped and one V-shaped restoration on the mesial or distal surface.

Aerobic bacterial contamination in dental materials.

Current concern about disease transmission points out the need for better infection control in dentistry. The purpose of this study was to test samples of dental materials in factory-sealed containers for aerobic bacterial contamination. Multiple unopened containers of 12 different dental materials were obtained from the dental school dispensary.

The transfer effect of leadup activities.

Previous literature shows that operative laboratory performance can be significantly improved through leadup training where students complete simulated preparations in plastic blocks. Since the task requirements of most fixed prosthodontic preparations seem similar to those of operative dentistry, it may be hypothesized that leadup training utilizing operative-like preparations would facilitate performance in the projects of both courses. The objective of this study was to test that hypothesis.

Fate of pocket epithelium in an apically positioned flap.

The fate of periodontal pocket epithelium when sulcular incisions are used in apically positioned flap surgery was investigated by serial histology. Human subjects received apically positioned flap segments on the facial aspect of anterior teeth timed to give 1, 3, 5, 7, 21 and 35 days of healing on the day of extraction. Companion surgeries for comparison consisted of similar flaps, but utilized an inverse bevel primary incision.

Oral presentation of Wegener granulomatosis.

Although the mouth is often involved in Wegener granulomatosis, oral lesions as the initial sign are rare. This case report documents the importance of considering Wegener granulomatosis in patients with unique oral lesions. The most common lesion is a friable-granular-hyperplastic gingivitis associated with alveolar resorption and tooth mobility.