Decision-making and future pregnancies after a positive fetal anomaly screen: A scoping review.

Aims And Objectives: To examine and consolidate literature on the experiences and decision-making of parents following a screen positive result for a potential fetal anomaly and/or diagnosis of an actual anomaly in a previous pregnancy.

Background: Prenatal screening consists of any diagnostic modality that is aimed at acquiring information about a fetus or an embryo; however, the entire process is highly stressful for parents, especially if there was a previous screen positive result, but no abnormality was detected in the final result.

Methods: Eight electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest Theses and Dissertations and ClinicalTrials.

Rural former service members participate in meaningful occupations to 'fill the void' after military service.

Introduction: Over 50% of former service members report debilitating health conditions and difficulty adjusting to civilian life. Former service members living in rural areas are even more likely to experience poor health outcomes and have decreased access to specialist health-care services. Participation in meaningful occupations can support health and adjustment after military service.

Exploring Factors Associated with Chinese-Americans' Willingness to Receive an Additional Hypothetical Annual Dose of the COVID-19 Vaccine.

Chinese-Americans are one of the largest groups of Asian-Americans in the US with distinctive behavioral and cultural characteristics that influence health service use. Although Chinese-Americans have significantly higher COVID-19-related mortality rates, relative to other racial and ethnic groups, limited literature is available examining their willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. With recent development of the combination influenza-COVID-19 vaccine by biotechnology companies to mitigate COVID-19 infection, we examined factors associated with Chinese-Americans' acceptance of hypothetical annual doses of COVID-19 vaccination before the vaccine rollout.

Assessment of Knowledge, Stigmatizing Attitudes and Health-Seeking Behaviors Regarding Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a Pharmacy and Community Setting in Sierra Leone: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global health challenge. Emerging evidence suggests that poor knowledge and stigma are impacting HBV control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but their role is not well understood. We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults aged ≥18 years in a community and pharmacy setting in Freetown, Sierra Leone.

Trends and motivations for freebirth: A scoping review.

Background: Even when maternity care facilities are available, some women will choose to give birth unassisted by a professional (freebirth). This became more apparent during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as women were increasingly concerned they would contract the virus in health care facilities. Several studies have identified the factors that influence women to seek alternative places of birth to hospitals, but research focusing specifically on freebirth is limited.

The Experiences of Strategic Purchasing of Healthcare in Nine Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Qualitative Review.

Background: Efforts to move towards universal health coverage (UHC) aim to rebalance health financing in ways that increase efficiency, equity, and quality. Resource constraints require a shift from passive to strategic purchasing (SP). In this paper, we report on the experiences of SP in public sector health insurance schemes in nine middle-income countries to understand what extent SP has been established, the challenges and facilitators, and how it is helping countries achieve their UHC goals.

D-allose: Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Capacity in Cancer.

Background: Despite the implementation of various cancer therapies, adequate therapeutic efficacy has not been achieved. A growing number of studies have been dedicated to the discovery of new molecules to combat refractory cancer cells efficiently. Recently, the use of a rare type of sugar, D-allose, has attracted the attention of research communities.

Minoritised ethnic women's experiences of inequities and discrimination in maternity services in North-West England: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Minoritised ethnic perinatal women can experience judgemental and stigmatising care due to systemic racism. Discriminatory care contributes to increased risks of poor maternal and infant outcomes, including higher rates of mental ill-health. This study aimed to explore minoritised ethnic women's experiences of maternity services, including maternity care and mental health support, within a North-West England locality.

An Innovative Biomedical Research Training Model: Rationale, Design, and Evaluation.

Much is told regarding the need for greater diversity in the biomedical research workforce in terms of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. However, there are few evidence-based models that are tested and can have significant effects in this regard. Thus, there is a need for development and evaluation of innovative models that may help train a more diverse biomedical research workforce.

The use of condoms and other birth control methods among sexually active school-going adolescents in nine sub-Saharan African countries.

Background: Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa still face sexual and reproductive health challenges. Contraceptives have been used to address these challenges. Despite efforts at national and global levels, contraceptive uptake among young people in Africa remains a challenge due to personal, societal, and health systems-based barriers.

Contraceptive use among female head porters: implications for health policy and programming in Ghana.

Objective: Despite the growing literature on the barriers to contraceptives use among women, the perspective of female head porters has not been exhaustively researched. Using Bronfenbrenner's socio-ecological theory, we explore the factors that influence the contraceptive decision-making of migrant female head porters in the Kumasi Metropolis and the implications for health policy and planning.

Methodology: A case study of female head porters in the Kumasi Metropolis was conducted.

Integrated survey of helminthic neglected tropical diseases and comparison of two mosquito sampling methods for lymphatic filariasis molecular xenomonitoring in the River Galana area, Kilifi County, coastal Kenya.

A lymphatic filariasis (LF) endemic focus along the River Galana/ Sabaki in Kilifi County, coastal Kenya, provided a platform to conduct an integrated survey for three helminthic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), namely soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH), schistosomiasis (SCH) and LF. Additionally, the study compared the performance of two mosquito trapping methods for LF molecular xenomonitoring (MX). Cross-sectional surveys measuring STH, SCH and LF prevalence were conducted in four villages.

Tobacco and Alcohol Retailer Availability and Neighborhood Racialized, Economic, and Racialized Economic Segregation in North Carolina.

Background: Despite evidence of racialized and socioeconomic inequities in tobacco and alcohol outlet availability, few studies have investigated spatial inequities in areas experiencing both concentrated residential racialized segregation and socioeconomic disadvantage. This study examined whether segregation-racialized, economic or both-was associated with alcohol and tobacco retailer counts in North Carolina (NC).

Methods: The NC Alcoholic Beverage Control Commission provided lists of 2021 off-premise alcohol retailers.

Making maternity and neonatal care personalised in the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the Babies Born Better survey in the UK and the Netherlands.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe impact on women's birth experiences. To date, there are no studies that use both quantitative and qualitative data to compare women's birth experiences before and during the pandemic, across more than one country.

Aim: To examine women's birth experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the experiences of women who gave birth in the United Kingdom (UK) or the Netherlands (NL) either before or during the pandemic.

Does neighborhood or residence influence continued smoking among cancer patients: a spatial-ecological and descriptive analyses brief report.

Purpose: Continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis is causally linked to cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. Additionally, smoking, in particular after a cancer diagnosis, increases risk for poor therapeutic outcomes, chronic disease and even COV19 infection.

Methods: In order to better understand and address continued smoking among cancer patients, this research applied geospatial mapping analysis to explore the potential association of dedicated smoke/vape shops density and smoking among cancer patients.

The experiences of support staff in a traumatic brain injury rehabilitation center.

Purpose: Employee turnover is a major issue for health care organizations. Burnout is a leading contributor to such turnover. Extensive research on burnout has been conducted in health care settings; however, it has primarily been focused on health care professionals ignoring other critical staff.

Prevalence and associated influential factors of mental health problems among Chinese college students during different stages of COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.

This systematic review aims to take China as an example to determine the prevalence of mental health problems and associated influential factors of college students in different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and provide a reference for effective intervention in the future. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google scholar. A total of 30 articles were included.

The effect of occupational exposure to welding fumes on trachea, bronchus and lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are the producers of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates). Welding fumes have been classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in IARC Monograph 118; this assessment found sufficient evidence from studies in humans that welding fumes are a cause of lung cancer. In this article, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to occupational exposure to welding fumes, to inform the development of WHO/ILO Joint Estimates on this burden of disease (if considered feasible).

"There's no real roadmap that I know of": Experiences of transgender and nonbinary graduate students in counseling psychology programs.

Minimal research has examined the experiences of transgender and nonbinary (TNB) people in graduate school with no studies to date examining the experiences of TNB students in psychology graduate programs. The purpose of this study was to utilize a critical-ideological paradigm to identify recruitment, retention, and attrition factors for TNB people in counseling psychology (CP) programs with the aim of providing specific recommendations to CP programs. Individual interviews (between 35 and 70 min) were conducted with a sample of 16 TNB graduate students, aged 23-37-years old ( = 26.

The what's, where's and why's of miscarriage: evidence from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey.

Objectives: Miscarriage remains a significant public health challenge in most low- and middle-income settings, including Ghana. We thus examined the sociodemographic and maternal characteristics associated with miscarriage in Ghana using the 2017 Maternal Health Survey dataset.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional quantitative study.

Social and contextual influences on eating pathology in transgender and nonbinary adults.

Eating pathology (EP) is reported at alarmingly high rates among transgender and nonbinary (TNB) people. The present study investigates key associations between experiences that are common in TNB populations and EP. TNB individuals located within the United States ( = 212) who self-identified as currently experiencing disordered eating or an eating disorder were recruited from social media outlets and completed an online survey that included measures of EP, discrimination-based trauma symptoms, internalized transphobia, and gender dysphoria.

Associations of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic factors with vaccination among US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, January to March 2021.

To date, there has been limited data available to understand the associations between race/ethnicity and socioeconomic and related characteristics with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination in the United States. I leveraged the large, nationally-representative cross-sectional surveys of the U.S.