Myeloma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis - A comprehensive case study and a novel chemotherapy-free approach with anakinra.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an immune response syndrome characterized by excessive inflammation and tissue destruction. A limited number of cases involving HLH patients with concomitant multiple myeloma (MM), leading to significant mortality, have been documented, underscoring the importance of timely diagnosis. We present the case of a 78-year-old previously healthy male admitted to our hospital with a newly diagnosed MM.

Association between knowledge and use of contraceptive among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa.

Background And Aims: The use of contraceptives has been considered relevant in reducing unintended pregnancies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, despite evidence of knowledge of contraceptives, their use remains low in SSA. This study examined the association between knowledge of contraceptive methods and the use of contraceptives in SSA.

Self-reported sexually transmitted infections among men and women in Papua New Guinea: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose a considerable concern for global healthcare systems. We examined the prevalence and correlates of self-reported STIs (SR-STIs) among men and women in Papua New Guinea.

Methods: A total of 7,195 women and 4,069 men from Papua New Guinea who participated in the 2016-2018 Demographic and Health Survey were included in this study.

"We need to work towards it, whatever it takes."-participation factors in the acceptability and feasibility of lung cancer screening in Australia: the perspectives of key stakeholders.

Background: Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening, targeted at those at high-risk, has been shown to significantly reduce lung cancer mortality and detect cancers at an early stage. Practical, attitudinal and demographic factors can inhibit screening participation in high-risk populations. This study aimed to explore stakeholders' views about barriers and enablers (determinants) to participation in lung cancer screening (LCS) in Australia.

Risk factors and cognitive correlates of white matter hyperintensities in ethnically diverse populations without dementia: The COSMIC consortium.

Introduction: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are an important imaging marker for cerebral small vessel diseases, but their risk factors and cognitive associations have not been well documented in populations of different ethnicities and/or from different geographical regions.

Methods: We investigated how WMHs were associated with vascular risk factors and cognition in both Whites and Asians, using data from five population-based cohorts of non-demented older individuals from Australia, Singapore, South Korea, and Sweden ( = 1946). WMH volumes (whole brain, periventricular, and deep) were quantified with UBO Detector and harmonized using the ComBat model.

Circulating cell-free DNA is elevated in postmenopausal compared with pre- and perimenopausal women.

Objective: With the rising use of circulating cell-free DNA (cirDNA) liquid biopsies for disease screening, it is important to understand biological differences that may impact the accuracy of cirDNA-based clinical tests. Although a number of biological factors have been researched, the relationship between menopause and cirDNA has not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed to compare plasma cirDNA concentration and DNA fragment integrity in healthy women pre- and postmenopause.

Early childhood developmental vulnerability associated with parental mental disorder comorbidity.

Objectives: Parental mental health has a profound influence on the mental health and well-being of their offspring. With comorbid mental disorders generally the rule rather than the exception, increased knowledge of the impact of parental mental disorder on early child development may facilitate improved targeting and delivery of early intervention for vulnerable offspring.

Methods: Participants were 66,154 children and their parents in the New South Wales Child Development Study - a prospective, longitudinal, record-linkage study of a population cohort of children born in NSW between 2002 and 2004.