Your Teeth, You Are in Control: A Process Evaluation of the Implementation of a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Intervention for Reducing Child Dental Anxiety.

Aim: To explore the views of patients, caregivers, and dental professionals on the factors that influence implementation, processes, and effectiveness of a guided self-help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention, 'Your teeth, you are in control' (YTYAIC), in the CALM trial.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted as part of this qualitative component of the process evaluation, and data were analysed using a framework approach based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Five Areas Model of CBT.

Results: Thirty-seven participants were recruited.

The Effects of Electronic Cigarettes on Oral Microbiome and Metabolome in 3D Tissue-Engineered Models.

Background And Aim: Recent studies have shown that electronic cigarettes (ECs) use disrupts the oral microbiome composition and diversity, impairing the metabolic pathways of the mucosal cells. However, to date, no reports have evaluated the role of EC exposure in the context of oral metabolome. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of EC aerosol exposure in the dysregulation of the oral microbiome and metabolome profile using in vitro 3D organotypic models of human oral mucosa.

Facilitating oral healthcare for children with disabilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a qualitative exploration of the perceptions of parents and professionals.

Background: Children with disabilities worldwide experience disparities in oral health. Parents and children encounter challenges in accessing quality dental care. Similar challenges are experienced in Saudi Arabia.

A head-to-head comparison of four grading systems for oral epithelial dysplasia.

Aims: Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) carries a risk of malignant transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical risk stratification for these patients is challenging, and reliant upon histological grading. The World Health Organisation (WHO) grading system is the current gold standard, although the binary system, two- and six-point prognostic models have also been proposed.

Improving Recovery of Diatoms Bio-Silica Using Chemical Treatment with VAUS.

High-temperature baking is a typical method to remove organic matter from diatoms, but it is not suitable for bio-silica because of the high crystallinity. This study provides a method using the VAUS to remove organic matter from diatoms more quickly and biocompatibly. The optimal frequency for organic matter removal was investigated for domestically produced .

The Occurrence and Risk Factors of Black Triangles Between Central Incisors After Orthodontic Treatment.

To assess the incidence of and risk factors for black triangles between the central incisors after orthodontic treatment; Methods: Ninety-seven post-treatment patients (29 men and 68 women; mean age, 22.7 years) were retrospectively divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of black triangles, using intraoral photographs. Based on the Jemt Index, the black triangle occurrence group was further classified into mild, moderate, and severe groups.

3-Dimensional quantitative analysis of mandibular motion in TMD and healthy subjects: Comparison with clinical observations.

Objectives: To establish a quantitative method for objectively assessing 3-dimensional (3D) mandibular trajectories and comparing clinical evaluations with computational analyses.

Methods: In total, 184 volunteers were recruited and grouped into control (n = 121) and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) groups (n = 63) according to the dual-axis DC/TMD checklist. 3D trajectories were generated by integrating mandibular motion and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records.

Epigenetic regulation of HOXA3 and its impact on oral squamous cell carcinoma progression.

Objective: The role of homeobox A3 (HOXA3) in cancer progression is gaining prominence, however, to date, no studies have investigated its regulatory function in oral cancer. In this study, we explored the role of HOXA3 through epigenetic mechanisms.

Methods: Clinical samples were collected from 25 potentially malignant oral lesions and 50 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, categorized into low-stage and high-stage tumors.

Acceptability of midazolam and melatonin as premedications for anxious children undergoing general anaesthesia: a qualitative interview study with children, caregivers and health professionals participating in the MAGIC trial.

Background: The acceptability of a children's premedication, prior to general anaesthesia (GA), is fundamental to ensuring positive clinical- and patient-reported outcomes. Midazolam, the current standard premedication, is known to have an unfavourable side-effects profile and presents a degree of risk which is accepted due to a need for compliance. Melatonin is a functionally diverse hormone with anxiolytic properties that offer potential benefits over midazolam.

Multi-Scale Characterization of Conventional and Immediate Dental Implant Systems.

We hypothesized that the different post-implantation healing stages between the conventional and immediate implantations produce different amounts and tissue composition of the peri-implant bone. Thus, the objective of the current study was to examine whether the stability of dental implant systems is associated with characteristics of the interfacial bone area at different post-implanation healing periods. Mandibular molars were extracted from each beagle dog.

System Dynamics Modeling of Caries Severity States in Long-Term Care.

Dental caries among long-term care (LTC) residents is a persistent and complex problem driven by social and structural factors. Systems thinking may be useful in considering novel approaches to reducing disease. This study aimed to develop a system dynamics model to simulate the progression of dentate older adults in LTC through caries severity states and estimate the effects of 3 intervention scenarios on the progression of caries: preventive topical fluoride (TF), arrest of caries with silver diamine fluoride (SDF), and a combination of TF and SDF.

Exposure to and awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery for first degree dental undergraduates in the United Kingdom.

Evidence shows that the majority of OMFS trainees undertook dentistry as their first degree, however, an increasing number of undergraduates undertaking OMFS training have completed medicine first. It is vital that all undergraduates wanting to commit to another degree have adequate exposure to, and understanding of, the specialty. The aim of our study was to evaluate the perspectives of final-year dental students concerning their exposure to, and perceptions of, OMFS during their undergraduate teaching.

The Experiences of Implementing a Near-Peer Teaching Scheme Into an Undergraduate Dental Hygiene and Dental Therapy Programme at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom.

Objectives: To assess the learning and relationship-building potential of a near-peer teaching scheme that is low in faculty financial and time input.

Methods: This longitudinal study collects data via pre- and post-programme questionnaires completed by near-peer tutors and learners following a six-week scheme schedule. Qualitative data are analysed using a descriptive analysis model to assess the perceived value of the scheme.

Current practice, barriers and drivers to embedding environmental sustainability in undergraduate dental schools in the UK and Ireland.

Aims This study aimed to: i) identify current teaching practice and approaches to embedding environmental sustainability (ES) in the undergraduate dental curriculum in the UK and Republic of Ireland (ROI); and ii) uncover existing barriers and drivers to incorporating ES in dental education.Methods A questionnaire was developed and distributed to all dental schools in the UK and ROI in the form of an online survey. The intended respondents were deans, heads of schools, directors of education, or senior academics of all dental schools in the UK and ROI that deliver undergraduate dentistry/dental surgery programmes.

Myofibroblasts persist through immune privilege mechanisms to mediate oral submucous fibrosis: Uncovering the pathogenesis.

Immune privilege is the ability to tolerate foreign antigens without eliciting an inflammatory immune response. Several mechanisms explain a structure's immune privilege status, which is regulated by innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of myofibroblasts in perpetuating fibrosis by acquiring an immune privileged phenotype against the backdrop of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is evolving.

Dissecting the Enterococcal Polysaccharide Antigen (EPA) structure to explore innate immune evasion and phage specificity.

Streptococci, Lactococci and Enterococci all produce L-rhamnose-containing cell wall polysaccharides which define Lancefield serotypes and represent promising candidates for the design of glycoconjugate vaccines. The L-rhamnose containing Enterococcal Polysaccharide Antigen (EPA), produced by the opportunistic pathogen Enterococcus faecalis, plays a critical role in normal growth, division, biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance, phage susceptibility, and innate immune evasion. Despite the critical role of this polymer in E.

An advanced in silico model of the oral mucosa reveals the impact of extracellular spaces on chemical permeation.

Accurately predicting the permeation of chemicals through human epithelial tissues is crucial for pharmaceutical therapeutic design and toxicology. Current mathematical models of multi-layered stratified squamous epithelium such as those in the oral cavity use simplistic 'bricks and mortar' geometries that do not fully account for the complex cellular architecture that may affect chemical permeation in these tissues. Here we aimed to develop a new, advanced mechanistic mathematical model of the human epithelium that more accurately represents chemical tissue permeation.