Numerical Simulation and Experimental Analysis for Microwave Sintering Process of Lithium Hydride (LiH).

Dense lithium hydride (LiH) is widely used in neutron shielding applications for thermonuclear reactors and space systems due to its unique properties. However, traditional sintering methods often lead to cracking in LiH products. This study investigates the densification sintering of LiH using microwave technology.

Simultaneous removal of SO and NO by phosphate tailings-derived composite slurry: A study of phosphorus element migration and transformation.

In this study, we developed a composite slurry using industrial hazardous solid waste phosphate tailings and yellow phosphorus for the simultaneous removal of SO and NO. Additionally, the migration and transformation of the P element within the slurry were thoroughly investigated. The experimental results revealed that this composite slurry exhibited efficient removal of both SO and NO.

Waste to Wealth: Discarded Cigarette Butt-Derived Metal-Free N-Rich Carbon Catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide to Sulfur.

The selective catalytic oxidation of toxic gas HS to elemental sulfur (HS-SCO) is a promising desulfurization process known for its dual benefits of recovering valuable sulfur resources and mitigating environmental pollution. Nevertheless, developing cost-effective and efficient catalysts for HS-SCO remains a significant challenge. In this study, we synthesized a low-cost and metal-free nitrogen-rich carbon catalyst (NrCC) by copyrolyzing discarded cigarette butts (organic solid wastes that are difficult to degrade naturally) with urea for the continuous HS-SCO process at a relatively low temperature.

Stimulus-responsive magnetic enzyme-encapsulated coordination polymer for the potential field monitoring of alkaline phosphatase using personal glucometer.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme that can hydrolyze phosphate groups, and its activity is related to algal bloom outbreaks in eutrophic waters. A magnetic ALP-responsive material named FeO@INV/Zn-AMP was synthesized at room temperature by using zinc ions and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) as building blocks integrated invertase (INV). When ALP is present, it hydrolyzes the phosphate group of AMP, causing the disassembly of the FeO@INV/Zn-AMP material and the release of signaling molecule (INV).

Organic Electrolyte Additives for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries: Progress and Outlook.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered one of the most prospective new-generation electrochemical energy storage devices with the advantages of high specific capacity, good safety, and high economic efficiency. Nevertheless, the enduring problems of low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and inadequate cycling stability of zinc anodes, originating from dendrites, hydrogen precipitation and passivation, are closely tied to their thermodynamic instability in aqueous electrolytes, which significantly shortens the cycle life of the battery. Electrolyte additives can solve the above difficulties and are important for the advancement of affordable and reliable AZIBs.

TCCA/RSeSeR-Mediated Selenoalkoxy of Allenamides via a Radical Process: Synthesis of Selanyl-allylic N,O-Aminals.

An efficient TCCA (trichloroisocyanuric acid)/RSeSeR-mediated selenoalkoxy of allenamides for the construction of selanyl-allylic N,OA-aminal derivatives was developed. The reaction exhibits good functional group tolerance and high efficiency, affording the products in good to excellent yields. Mechanistic investigations indicated that a selanyl-allylic radical intermediate was first formed via the RSe radical added to the central carbon of allenamides, which subsequently furnished highly stable selanyl-allylic carbocation intermediate by abstraction of an electron by the chlorine radical.

Biodegradation of phthalic acid esters by a novel marine bacterial strain RL-BY03: Characterization, metabolic pathway, bioaugmentation and genome analysis.

Biodegradation is recognized as the main route for the decomposition of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in nature, but the fate of PAEs in marine ecosystems is not well understood. Herein, a novel marine bacterium, Gordonia sihwaniensis RL-BY03, was identified and analyzed for its ability to degrade PAEs. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanism of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was examined through UPLC-MS/MS and genomic analysis.

Paralysis caused by dinotefuran at environmental concentration via interfering the Ca-ROS-mitochondria pathway in .

Introduction: Dinotefuran as the third-generation of neonicotinoid insecticides is extensively used in agriculture worldwide, posing a potential toxic threat to non-target animals and humans. However, the chronic toxicity mechanism related to mitochondria damage of dinotefuran to non-target animals at environmental concentration is unclear.

Methods: In this study, the mitochondria damage and oxidative stress of dinotefuran on were investigated at environmental concentrations by long-term exposure.

Response of particulate organic matter dynamics to the ocean front induced by typhoon Talim in Zhanjiang Bay.

Typhoons greatly affect ocean hydrodynamics, thereby altering ocean productivity and biogeochemistry. This study used stable isotopes and geochemical indicators of particulate organic matter (POM) to investigate the impact of Typhoon Talim (2023) on marine productivity and POM dynamics in Zhanjiang Bay. During the typhoon, an ocean front formed in the upper bay, resulting in a nearly twofold increased POM and enhanced decomposition of resuspended POM, due to the strengthened vertical mixing.

Controlled synthesis of silver/silicon hybrid nanostructures enables enhanced photocatalytic CO reduction.

Localized surface plasmon resonances in plasmonic nanoparticles enable effective photon harvesting and generate energetic electrons and holes. However, fast charge recombination and surface contamination due to reactant-involved synthesis can significantly hinder the activity. Herein, we report a facile, solution-processed synthesis of hybrid uncoated silver nanoparticles combined with silicon nanocrystals to address these issues.

A Critical Review of Deep Oxidation of Gaseous Volatile Organic Compounds via Aqueous Advanced Oxidation Processes.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are considered to be the most recalcitrant gaseous pollutants due to their high toxicity, diversity, complexity, and stability. Gas-solid catalytic oxidation methods have been intensively studied for VOC treatment while being greatly hampered by energy consumption, catalyst deactivation, and byproduct formation. Recently, aqueous advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have attracted increasing interest for the deep oxidation of VOCs at room temperature, owing to the generation of abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Long-term exposure to environmental concentration of dinotefuran disrupts ecdysis and sex ratio by dysregulating related gene expressions in .

Introduction: Currently, although there have been a few reports on the endocrine-disrupting effects of neonicotinoids, the effect on Chironomidae during long-term exposure remains unknown.

Methods: Ecdysis and sex ratio, along with ecdysone-relevant gene expressions of representative neonicotinoid dinotefuran on were investigated at different environmental concentrations by long-term exposure.

Results: A low dose of dinotefuran delayed pupation and emergence via inhibiting ecdysis.

Development Status of Solar-Driven Interfacial Steam Generation Support Layer Based on Polymers and Biomaterials: A Review.

With the increasing shortage of water resources and the aggravation of water pollution, solar-driven interfacial steam generation (SISG) technology has garnered considerable attention because of its low energy consumption, simple operation, and environmental friendliness. The popular multi-layer SISG evaporator is composed of two basic structures: a photothermal layer and a support layer. Herein, the support layer underlies the photothermal layer and carries out thermal management, supports the photothermal layer, and transports water to the evaporation interface to improve the stability of the evaporator.

Ru@MoCO MXene single-cluster catalyst for highly efficient N-to-NH conversion.

Single-cluster catalysts (SCCs) representing structurally well-defined metal clusters anchored on support tend to exhibit tunable catalytic performance for complex redox reactions in heterogeneous catalysis. Here we report a theoretical study on an SCC of Ru@MoCO MXene for N-to-NH thermal conversion. Our results show that Ru@MoCO can effectively activate N and promotes its conversion to NH through an association mechanism, in which the rate-determining step of NH* + H* → NH* has a low energy barrier of 1.

Synthesis and characterization of etherified cationic starch flocculant derived from Manihot esculenta peel with varying degrees of substitution.

Cationic Manihot esculenta (ME) peel starch was synthesized through etherification method using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) as cationizing monomer. The optimization of the main factors influencing the degree of substitution (DS) was conducted using central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The factors assessed include CHPTAC concentration, catalyst sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, and reaction time.

Realizing Stable Luminescence in Antimony Doped Hybrid Tin(IV) Chloride toward Full Spectrum WLED and Anticounterfeiting Applications.

The outstanding optical properties empower Sb-doped zero-dimensional hybrid metal halides as cutting-edge luminescent materials. In this research, we present an efficient hybrid tin chloride, TEASnCl:Sb (TEA = tetraethylammonium), with broad dual emission bands peaking in the blue and orange regions that arise from the singlet and triplet state emissions of [SbCl], respectively. TEASnCl:Sb demonstrates a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 83.

Sensitive and selective detection of tetracycline using fluorescence-enhanced Eu(III)-functionalized silver nanoparticles with homocysteine.

Utilizing metal luminescence enhancement to design fluorescent probes is a very sensible strategy. Herein, a fluorescent probe based on europium (III)-functionalized silver nanoparticles-conjugated homocysteine (AgNPs-Hcy-Eu) was proposed for the selective and sensitive detection of tetracycline (TC). In this probe, Eu(III) was employed as the detection signal unit for TC, while AgNPs-Hcy was used as the ligand of fluorescence enhancement.

Simultaneous determination of bisphenol A and bisphenol AF using a carbon nanocages and CuO nanochains-based sensitive voltammetric sensor.

A new and highly sensitive voltammetric technique was described in this study for the concurrent detection of endocrine disruptors bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol AF (BPAF) based on carbon nanocages (CNCs) and copper oxide nanochains (CuONCs). The CNCs was prepared by the solvothermal method and characterized using various techniques. Utilizing the nanocomposite of CNCs and CuONCs, the voltammetric sensor demonstrated outstanding performance in detecting BPA and BPAF simultaneously with distinct oxidation peaks and increased current peaks.

3D Covalent Organic Frameworks with 16-Connectivity for Photocatalytic C(sp)-C(sp) Cross-Coupling.

The connectivity (valency) of building blocks for constructing 3D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) has long been limited to 4, 6, 8, and 12. Developing a higher connectivity remains a great challenge in the field of COF structural design. Herein, this work reports a hierarchical expansion strategy for making 16-connected building blocks to construct 3D COFs with sqc topology.

Toxicity and decomposition activity inhibition of VO micro/nanoparticles to white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Vanadium dioxide (VO) is an excellent phase transition material widely used in various applications, and thus inevitably enters the environment via different routes and encounters various organisms. Nonetheless, limited information is available on the environmental hazards of VO. In this study, we investigated the impact of two commercial VO particles, nanosized S-VO and micro-sized M-VO on the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Mechanism study of Dual-Emission ratiometric fluorescent pH-Sensitive carbon quantum dots and its application on mornitoring enzymatic catalysis.

Carbon dots (CQD) have received significant attention as a novel ratiometric fluorescent pH nanoprobe, owing to their favorable optical properties and excellent biocompatibility. Despite their appealing features, the precise mechanism behind the pH-sensitive photoluminescence of CQDs remains to be fully understood. This study endeavors to unravel the mechanism underlying the pH-responsive ratiometric fluorescence in dual-emission CQDs, synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method using o-phenylenediamine and oxalic acid as precursors.