Advancing siRNA Therapeutics targeting MCT-4: A Multifaceted approach integrating Arithmetical Designing, Screening, and molecular dynamics validation.

Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT-4) is involved in various metabolic processes which are crucial in maintaining cellular pH and energy metabolism, and thus influence the tumor microenvironment. The study is aimed to rationally design effective Small interfering RNA (siRNA) that can silence MCT-4. We utilized a comprehensive workflow integrating multiple tools such as siDirect version 2.

Comprehensive Study of Sperm Proteins and Metabolites Potentially Associated with Higher Fertility of Zebu Cattle () in Tropical Areas.

Crossbreeding of zebu cattle () with European breeds () producing crossbred cattle was performed to overcome the low growth rates and milk production of indigenous tropical cattle breeds. However, zebu cattle fertility is higher than those of crossbred cattle and European breeds under warm conditions. Combination study of proteomics and metabolomics toward Malaysian indigenous breed Kedah × Kelantan-KK () and crossbreed Mafriwal-M ( × ) to understand physiological reasons for higher thermotolerance and fertility in Zebu cattle sperm.

High-Altitude Medicinal Plants as Promising Source of Phytochemical Antioxidants to Combat Lifestyle-Associated Oxidative Stress-Induced Disorders.

Oxidative stress, driven by reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur species (ROS, RNS, RSS), poses a significant threat to cellular integrity and human health. Generated during mitochondrial respiration, inflammation, UV exposure and pollution, these species damage cells and contribute to pathologies like cardiovascular issues, neurodegeneration, cancer, and metabolic syndromes. Lifestyle factors exert a substantial influence on oxidative stress levels, with mitochondria emerging as pivotal players in ROS generation and cellular equilibrium.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid interactions with phytohormones and its role in modulating abiotic and biotic stress in plants.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a ubiquitous non-protein 4-carbon amino acid present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. It is conventionally recognized as a neurotransmitter in mammals and plays a crucial role in plants. The context of this review centers on the impact of GABA in mitigating abiotic stresses induced by climate change, such as drought, salinity, heat, and heavy metal exposure.

Antifungal Activity of Piperine-based Nanoemulsion Against Candida spp. via In Vitro Broth Microdilution Assay.

Candidemia leaves a trail of approximately 750,000 cases yearly, with a morbidity rate of up to 30%. While Candida albicans still ranks as the most predominantly isolated Candida species, C. glabrata comes in second, with a death rate of 40-50%.

Soil and Mineral Nutrients in Plant Health: A Prospective Study of Iron and Phosphorus in the Growth and Development of Plants.

Plants being sessile are exposed to different environmental challenges and consequent stresses associated with them. With the prerequisite of minerals for growth and development, they coordinate their mobilization from the soil through their roots. Phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) are macro- and micronutrient; P serves as an important component of biological macromolecules, besides driving major cellular processes, including photosynthesis and respiration, and Fe performs the function as a cofactor for enzymes of vital metabolic pathways.

Potential of Synbiotics and Probiotics as Chemopreventive Agent.

Cancer remains a global problem, with millions of new cases diagnosed yearly and countless lives lost. The financial burden of cancer therapy, along with worries about the long-term safety of existing medicines, necessitates the investigation of alternative approaches to cancer prevention. Probiotics generate chemopreventive compounds such as bacteriocins, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which have demonstrated the ability to impede cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and bolster the expression of pro-apoptotic genes.

Unleashed Treasures of Solanaceae: Mechanistic Insights into Phytochemicals with Therapeutic Potential for Combatting Human Diseases.

Plants that possess a diverse range of bioactive compounds are essential for maintaining human health and survival. The diversity of bioactive compounds with distinct therapeutic potential contributes to their role in health systems, in addition to their function as a source of nutrients. Studies on the genetic makeup and composition of bioactive compounds have revealed them to be rich in steroidal alkaloids, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolics.

Arsenic toxicity: sources, pathophysiology and mechanism.

Background: Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that poses a significant threat to human health due to its widespread presence in the environment, affecting millions worldwide. Sources of arsenic exposure are diverse, stemming from mining activities, manufacturing processes, and natural geological formations. Arsenic manifests in both organic and inorganic forms, with trivalent meta-arsenite (As3+) and pentavalent arsenate (As5+) being the most common inorganic forms.

Exploration of comprehensive marine natural products database against dengue viral non-structural protein 1 using high-throughput computational studies.

Dengue virus (DENV) non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is a versatile quasi-protein essential for the multiplication of the virus. This study applied high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to detect the potential marine natural compounds against the NS1 of DENV. The structure of the NS1 protein was retrieved from Protein Data Bank with (PDB ID: 4O6B).

Exploring maternal-fetal interface with in vitro placental and trophoblastic models.

The placenta, being a temporary organ, plays a crucial role in facilitating the exchange of nutrients and gases between the mother and the fetus during pregnancy. Any abnormalities in the development of this vital organ not only lead to various pregnancy-related disorders that can result in fetal injury or death, but also have long-term effects on maternal health. models have been employed to study the physiological features and molecular regulatory mechanisms of placental development, aiming to gain a detailed understanding of the pathogenesis of pregnancy-related diseases.

Pollutants in aquatic system: a frontier perspective of emerging threat and strategies to solve the crisis for safe drinking water.

Water is an indispensable natural resource and is the most vital substance for the existence of life on earth. However, due to anthropogenic activities, it is being polluted at an alarming rate which has led to serious concern about water shortage across the world. Moreover, toxic contaminants released into water bodies from various industrial and domestic activities negatively affect aquatic and terrestrial organisms and cause serious diseases such as cancer, renal problems, gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and nausea in humans.

sp. nov., a new anamorphic tremellomycetous yeast species.

Three strains belonging to the basidiomycetous yeast genus were isolated from marine water samples collected from intertidal zones in Liaoning province, northeast China. Phylogenetic analyses based on the sequences of the small subunit (SSU) ribosomal DNA (rDNA), the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA (rDNA), the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the two subunits of DNA polymerase II ( and ), the translation elongation factor 1-α (), and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b () showed that these strains together with 20 strains from various geographic and ecological origins from other regions of the world represent a novel species in the genus . We propose the name sp.

Conservation genetics of endangered Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don - A pharmaceutically prized medicinal plant from the Himalaya and implications for species recovery.

Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of pharmaceutically important endangered plant species is crucial for their conservation and sustainable use. Despite the continuous population decline in Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D.

Artificial intelligence and cheminformatics tools: a contribution to the drug development and chemical science.

In the ever-evolving field of drug discovery, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) with cheminformatics has proven to be a powerful combination. Cheminformatics, which combines the principles of computer science and chemistry, is used to extract chemical information and search compound databases, while the application of AI and ML allows for the identification of potential hit compounds, optimization of synthesis routes, and prediction of drug efficacy and toxicity. This collaborative approach has led to the discovery, preclinical evaluations and approval of over 70 drugs in recent years.

Phytochemicals as Antimicrobials: Prospecting Himalayan Medicinal Plants as Source of Alternate Medicine to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance.

Among all available antimicrobials, antibiotics hold a prime position in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has posed a serious threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality, and escalation in healthcare costs causing a global health crisis. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics in global healthcare setups have accelerated the development and spread of AMR, leading to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, which further limits treatment options.

Plant invasion shifts soil microbiome and physico-chemical attributes along an elevational gradient in Kashmir Himalaya.

Soil microbial communities, being situated at the interface of aboveground plant and belowground soil systems, can play a pivotal role in determining ecosystem response to the drivers of global environmental change, including invasive species. In mountains, invasive plants occurring along elevational gradients offer a unique natural experimental system to investigate the impact of invasions in determining patterns and relationships of soil microbial diversity and nutrient pools at much shorter spatial distances. Here, we studied the impact of a global plant invader, Leucanthemum vulgare, on the diversity of soil microbiome and physico-chemical attributes along an elevational gradient (1760-2880 m) in Kashmir Himalaya.

Putting CRISPR-Cas system in action: a golden window for efficient and precise genome editing for crop improvement.

The daunting task of feeding an ever-growing population is an immense challenge for the contemporary scientific community, especially in view of the rapidly changing climate throughout the world. Amidst these threatening crises, we witness rapid development in genome editing (GE) technologies, revolutionizing the field of applied genomics and molecular breeding. Various GE tools have been developed during the last two decades, but the CRISPR/Cas system has most recently made a significant impact on crop improvement.

Unravelling diversity, drivers, and indicators of soil microbiome of Trillium govanianum, an endangered plant species of the Himalaya.

In an era of global environmental change, conservation of threatened biodiversity and ecosystem restoration are formidable ecological challenges. The forest understory strata and the belowground soil environment including rhizospheric microbial communities, which are crucial for ecosystem functioning and overall forest biodiversity maintenance, have remained understudied. Here, we investigate the soil microbiome of Trillium govanianum - an endangered Himalayan Forest herb, to unravel the underground diversity, drivers, and potential indicators of the microbial community.

Defining honeybee subspecies in an evolutionary context warrants strategized conservation.

Despite the urgent need for conservation consideration, strategic action plans for the preservation of the Asian honeybee, Fabricius, 1793, remain lacking. Both the convergent and divergent adaptations of this widespread insect have led to confusing phenotypical traits and inconsistent infraspecific taxonomy. Unclear subspecies boundaries pose a significant challenge to honeybee conservation efforts, as it is difficult to effectively prioritize conservation targets without a clear understanding of subspecies identities.

Clinostomum complanatum: Anthelmintic potential of curcumin on the infective progenetic metacercarial stage.

The emerging resistance against commonly used antiparasitic drugs has driven investigators to explore alternative approaches using plant-derived active ingredients. These compounds have been tested for antiviral, antibacterial, and anthelmintic properties, particularly against adult worms. However, their effects on larval forms have been neglected.

NF-κB mediated regulation of tumor cell proliferation in hypoxic microenvironment.

Hypoxia is caused by a cancer-promoting milieu characterized by persistent inflammation. NF-κB and HIF-1α are critical participants in this transition. Tumor development and maintenance are aided by NF-κB, while cellular proliferation and adaptability to angiogenic signals are aided by HIF-1α.