Analysis of virological response to therapy and resistance profile in treatment-experienced and naive HIV-1 infected Romanian patients receiving regimens containing darunavir boosted with ritonavir or cobicistat.

77% of Romanians infected with HIV receive antiretroviral therapy, with the challenge of maintaining long-term therapeutic success (the viral load becoming/remaining undetectable). The main purpose of this study was to provide comparative analysis of the long-term virological response to therapeutic regimens containing pharmacokinetically enhanced darunavir (DRV) with ritonavir (RTV) or cobicistat (COBI). The second aim was to evaluate the viral resistance profile to therapy, by number/type/frequency of viral mutations.

Left Ventricle Outflow Tract Velocity-Time Index and Right Ventricle to Left Ventricle Ratio as Predictors for in Hospital Outcome in Intermediate-Risk Pulmonary Embolism.

Accurate estimation of risk with both imaging and biochemical parameters in intermediate risk pulmonary embolism (PE) remains challenging. The aim of the study was to evaluate echocardiographic parameters that reflect right and left heart hemodynamic as predictors of adverse events in intermediate risk PE. This was a retrospective observational study on patients with computed tomography pulmonary angiography diagnosis of PE admitted at Cardiology department of the Clinical Emergency Hospital of Oradea, Romania between January 2018—December 2021.

Unsuspected Clonal Spread of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Causing Bloodstream Infections in Hospitalized Adults Detected Using Whole Genome Sequencing.

Background: Though detection of transmission clusters of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections is a priority for infection control personnel in hospitals, the transmission dynamics of MRSA among hospitalized patients with bloodstream infections (BSIs) has not been thoroughly studied. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of MRSA isolates for surveillance is valuable for detecting outbreaks in hospitals, but the bioinformatic approaches used are diverse and difficult to compare.

Methods: We combined short-read WGS with genotypic, phenotypic, and epidemiological characteristics of 106 MRSA BSI isolates collected for routine microbiological diagnosis from inpatients in 2 hospitals over 12 months.

Highlighting the Benefits of Rehabilitation Treatments in Hip Osteoarthritis.

Background and objectives: Due to its frequency and possible complications, hip arthrosis or hip osteoarthritis (hip OA) has a high social impact, its advanced stages eventually leading to irreversible lesions involving major complications or surgery. In the early stages, conservative treatment plays a key role in the prophylaxis of complications and in slowing down the degenerative process. The association between an appropriate drug therapy (DT) and a rehabilitation treatment (RT)—including individualized physical therapy (PT) and adapted occupational therapy (OT)—provides good results.

A Narrative Review of the Classical and Modern Diagnostic Methods of the No-Reflow Phenomenon.

The incidence of the no-reflow (NR) phenomenon varies depending on the diagnostic criteria used. If just the angiographic criteria are considered (i.e.

Dynamic Phosphorylation of miRNA Biogenesis Factor HYL1 by MPK3 Involving Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Shuttling and Protein Stability in Arabidopsis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the prime regulators of gene expression. The recruitment of hyponastic leaves 1 (HYL1), a double-stranded RNA binding protein also termed as DRB1, to the microprocessor complex is crucial for accurate primary-miRNA (pri-miRNA) processing and the accumulation of mature miRNA in . In the present study, we investigated the role of the MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of AtHYL1 and its sub-cellular activity.

Non-conventional therapeutical approaches to acne vulgaris related to its association with metabolic disorders.

The ever-increasing frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is still a major challenge of the public health care system, worldwide. In recent years, researchers have been drawn to the uncommon (at first look) link between skin illnesses and MetS. Because of the pro-inflammatory mechanisms and insulin resistance (IR) that are upregulated in metabolic syndrome, many skin disorders are correlated to metabolic dysfunctions, including acne vulgaris.

A Comprehensive Review of Biological Roles and Interactions of Cullin-5 Protein.

Ubiquitination is a modification of proteins that has a powerful impact on protein function along with other cellular functions. This reaction is regulated through major enzymes, including E3 ligase as a chief enzyme. The Cullin-5 ubiquitin ligase (Cul5) possesses a variety of substrates that maintain the process of ubiquitination as well as proteasomal degradation.

Therapeutic dilemmas in addressing SARS-CoV-2 infection: Favipiravir versus Remdesivir.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents an unmet clinical need, due to a high mortality rate, rapid mutation rate in the virus, increased chances of reinfection, lack of effectiveness of repurposed drugs and economic damage. COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent need for effective molecules. Clinically proven efficacy and safety profiles have made favipiravir (FVP) and remdesivir (RDV) promising therapeutic options for use against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Potential innovation against Alzheimer's disorder: a tricomponent combination of natural antioxidants (vitamin E, quercetin, and basil oil) and the development of its intranasal delivery.

Alzheimer's disorder (AD) is very difficult to manage and treat. The complexity of the brain, the blood-brain barrier influencing a multitude of parameters/biomarkers, as well as numerous other factors involved often contribute to the decline in the chances of treatment success. Development of the new drug moiety also takes time, being necessary to consider both its toxicity and related issues.

Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Overview.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, primarily affecting the joints, then extra-articular manifestations can occur. Due to its complexity, which is based on an incompletely elucidated pathophysiological mechanism, good RA management requires a multidisciplinary approach. The clinical status of RA patients has improved in recent years due to medical advances in diagnosis and treatment, that have made it possible to reduce disease activity and prevent systemic complications.

Influence of diet and sport on the risk of sleep apnea in patients with metabolic syndrome associated with hypothyroidism - a 4-year survey.

Apnea is a common problem observed among obese individuals, affecting the quality of sleep and increasing cardiovascular risk and mortality. The current study monitored the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) following diet therapy and sports-associated diet therapy in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and hypothyroidism. The subjects included in the study were divided into 3 groups: control group (CG) (n=36), diet therapy group (DG) (including patients following a personalized diet therapy program) (n=76), and diet therapy and sports group (DSG) (which considered patients doing sports in addition to following a personalized diet therapy program) (n=80).

Polyphenols Targeting MAPK Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disorder, predominantly symmetric, which causes joint inflammation, cartilage degeneration and bone erosion, resulting in deformity and the loss of physical function. Although the management of RA has steadily improved, the pathophysiological mechanism is incompletely elucidated, and therapeutic options are still limited. Due to shortcomings in the efficacy or safety profiles of conventional RA therapies, therapeutic alternatives have been considered.

Farmers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Regarding Carcinogenic Pesticides in Fez Meknes Region (Morocco).

Pesticides play an important role in the improvement of agricultural production, but their use may result in adverse effects on the environment, consumers, and farmers' health. As there are limited data focusing on the factors influencing safety behavior toward pesticide use in Morocco, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in 15 rural communities of Morocco's Fes Meknes region to assess the attitudes, knowledge, and practices regarding pesticide use. A structured questionnaire was completed, containing the data of the interviewed farmers, their behavior towards safety measures, the type of active ingredient used, as well as the perception of risks to their own health following exposure to pesticides by the existence of chronic, self-perceived symptoms.

Understanding Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Oral Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

Oral cancer is the 11th most common cancer in the world with a high morbidity rate. Various conventional therapies have been used for the treatment of oral cancer such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy used either alone or in combination but these have many limitations, making them unsuitable for treating oral cancer. Nanotechnology has been emerged out as an innovative tool in the field of oral cancer which has proved to provide effective results overcoming the limitations of conventional drug therapies.

Analysis of the Impact of Comorbidities on Endometrial Lesions Using the Charlson Comorbidity Index in Western Romania.

This retrospective study aimed to identify the main comorbidities found in gynecological patients hospitalized for endometrial lesions and to analyze the relationships between these comorbidities and each type of endometrial lesion. The Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) was calculated, thus assessing the patient's probability of survival in relation to the underlying disease and the existing comorbidities. : During 2015-2019, 594 cases hospitalized for vaginal bleeding outside of pregnancy were included in the research.

Elucidating the Neuroprotective Role of PPARs in Parkinson's Disease: A Neoteric and Prospective Target.

One of the utmost frequently emerging neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease (PD) must be comprehended through the forfeit of dopamine (DA)-generating nerve cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC). The etiology and pathogenesis underlying the emergence of PD is still obscure. However, expanding corroboration encourages the involvement of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of PD.

Nutraceuticals and Herbs in Reducing the Risk and Improving the Treatment of COVID-19 by Targeting SARS-CoV-2.

The worldwide transmission of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a deadly or devastating disease is known to affect thousands of people every day, many of them dying all over the planet. The main reason for the massive effect of COVID-19 on society is its unpredictable spread, which does not allow for proper planning or management of this disease. Antibiotics, antivirals, and other prescription drugs, necessary and used in therapy, obviously have side effects (minor or significant) on the affected person, there are still not clear enough studies to elucidate their combined effect in this specific treatment, and existing protocols are sometimes unclear and uncertain.

STING nuclear partners contribute to innate immune signaling responses.

STimulator of INterferon Genes (STING) is an adaptor for cytoplasmic DNA sensing by cGAMP/cGAS that helps trigger innate immune responses (IIRs). Although STING is mostly localized in the ER, we find a separate inner nuclear membrane pool of STING that increases mobility and redistributes to the outer nuclear membrane upon IIR stimulation by transfected dsDNA or dsRNA mimic poly(I:C). Immunoprecipitation of STING from isolated nuclear envelopes coupled with mass spectrometry revealed a distinct nuclear envelope-STING proteome consisting of known nuclear membrane proteins and enriched in DNA- and RNA-binding proteins.

Chemo-Preventive Action of Resveratrol: Suppression of p53-A Molecular Targeting Approach.

Extensive experimental, clinical, and epidemiological evidence has explained and proven that products of natural origin are significantly important in preventing and/or ameliorating various disorders, including different types of cancer that researchers are extremely focused on. Among these studies on natural active substances, one can distinguish the emphasis on resveratrol and its properties, especially the potential anticancer role. Resveratrol is a natural product proven for its therapeutic activity, with remarkable anti-inflammatory properties.

Framing Cause-Effect Relationship of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

The main causes of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are of cardiovascular nature. The interaction between traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and non-traditional risk factors (RF) triggers various complex pathophysiological mechanisms that will lead to accelerated atherosclerosis in the context of decreased renal function. In terms of mortality, CKD should be considered equivalent to ischemic coronary artery disease (CAD) and properly monitored.

The Correlation of the IETA Ultrasound Score with the Histopathology Results for Women with Abnormal Bleeding in Western Romania.

In the early differential diagnosis of endometrial cancer (EC), decisive and mandatory histological aspects are considered, in addition to obvious clinical manifestations. In addition, sonographic aspects are characteristic in relation to the stage, degree, and histological types of identified cancer. This bi-center retrospective observational study included 594 women with abnormal uterine bleeding outside pregnancy, for which a biopsy was performed in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments of the Emergency County Hospitals of Arad and Timis Counties, Romania, between 2015 and 2019.

Comparison of Tolerability and Impact on Metabolic Profiles of Antiretroviral Regimens Containing Darunavir/Ritonavir or Darunavir/Cobicistat in Romanian HIV Infected Patients.

The management of the side effects caused by the antiretroviral therapy is one of the main problems facing clinicians. The patient's tolerability and safety influence the success of the therapy. This retrospective study assesses the tolerability and impact on metabolic profiles of antiretroviral regimens containing darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) versus those containing darunavir/cobicistat (DRV/c), in routine clinical practice.

Role of Phytonutrients in Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics Perspective in Curing Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common type of cancer and an important contributor to female mortality. Several genes and epigenetic modifications are involved in the development and progression of BC. Research in phytochemistry, nutrigenomics, and nutrigenetics has provided strong evidence that certain phytonutrients are able to modulate gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.

Biomedical Applications of Quaternized Chitosan.

The natural polymer chitosan is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth after chitin and has been extensively explored for preparation of versatile drug delivery systems. The presence of two distinct reactive functional groups (an amino group at C2, and a primary and secondary hydroxyl group at C3 and C6) of chitosan are involved in the transformation of expedient derivatives such as acylated, alkylated, carboxylated, quaternized and esterified chitosan. Amongst these, quaternized chitosan is preferred in pharmaceutical industries owing to its prominent features including superior water solubility, augmented antimicrobial actions, modified wound healing, pH-sensitive targeting, biocompatibility, and biodegradability.