Salt stress resilience in plants mediated through osmolyte accumulation and its crosstalk mechanism with phytohormones.

Salinity stress is one of the significant abiotic stresses that influence critical metabolic processes in the plant. Salinity stress limits plant growth and development by adversely affecting various physiological and biochemical processes. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced salinity stress subsequently alters macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and thus constrains crop productivity.

Emerging Aspects of Triazole in Organic Synthesis: Exploring its Potential as a Gelator.

Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) - commonly known as the "click reaction" - serves as the most effective and highly reliable tool for facile construction of simple to complex designs at the molecular level. It relates to the formation of carbon heteroatomic systems by joining or clicking small molecular pieces together with the help of various organic reactions such as cycloaddition, conjugate addition, ring-opening, etc. Such dynamic strategy results in the generation of triazole and its derivatives from azides and alkynes with three nitrogen atoms in the five-membered aromatic azole ring that often forms gel-assembled structures having gelating properties.

Synthesis and Anti-Cancer Applications of Benzimidazole Derivatives - Recent Studies.

Background: Cancer is a life-threatening disease. Anti-cancer drugs are the focus of research. The heterocyclic molecules like benzimidazole occupy a central position in searching for novel and effective anti-cancer drugs.

Luminous, relativistic, directional electron bunches from an intense laser driven grating plasma.

Bright, energetic, and directional electron bunches are generated through efficient energy transfer of relativistic intense (~ 10 W/cm), 30 femtosecond, 800 nm high contrast laser pulses to grating targets (500 lines/mm and 1000 lines/mm), under surface plasmon resonance (SPR) conditions. Bi-directional relativistic electron bunches (at 40° and 150°) are observed exiting from the 500 lines/mm grating target at the SPR conditions. The surface plasmon excited grating target enhances the electron flux and temperature by factor of 6.

Protective efficacy of fish oil nanoemulsion against non-typhoidal mediated mucosal inflammation and loss of barrier function.

Non-typhoidal serotypes are well adapted to utilize the inflammation for colonization in the mammalian gut mucosa and cause loss of the integrity of the epithelial barrier in the mammalian intestine. The present study assessed the protective efficacy of fish oil-in-water nanoemulsion, compared to the conventional emulsion, towards the intestinal epithelial barrier against invasive infection of serovar Typhimurium strain SL1344 in an streptomycin-treated mouse model. Non-typhoidal serovar Typhimurium strain SL1344 expresses its invasiveness by creating extreme inflammatory assault in the mammalian host lumen its repertoire of secretory or membrane-bound proteins.

Altered molecular attributes and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strains isolated from the cholera endemic regions of India.

Aims: The present study aimed to document the comparative analysis of differential hypervirulent features of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated during 2018 from cholera endemic regions in Gujarat and Maharashtra (Western India) and West Bengal (Eastern India).

Methods And Results: A total of 87 V. cholerae O1 clinical strains from Western India and 48 from Eastern India were analysed for a number of biotypic and genotypic features followed by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile.

Synthesis of nano hydroxyapatite from Hypopthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) bone waste by two different methods: a comparative biophysical and in vitro evaluation on osteoblast MG63 cell lines.

More than a thousand tonnes of fish bone wastes can be transformed into biomedical products annually. Alkaline hydrolysis and thermal calcification were used to create nanosized hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals from Silver carp bone wastes. Biophysical tests were used to determine the nano size and chemical composition of synthesised hydroxyapatite.

Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 9A knockout induces social anxiety and impairs offense behaviors in female mice.

Objectives: The involvement of tetratricopeptide repeat domain 9A (TTC9A) in anxiety-like behaviors through estrogen action has been reported in female mice, this study further investigated its effects on social anxiety and aggressive behaviors.

Materials And Smethods: Using female Ttc9a knockout () mice, the role of TTC9A in anxiety was investigated in non-social and social environments through home-cage emergence and social interaction tests, respectively, whereas aggressive behaviors were examined under the female intruder test.

Results: We observed significant social behavioral deficits with pronounced social and non-social anxiogenic phenotypes in female mice.

Drought priming induces chilling tolerance and improves reproductive functioning in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).

Priming alleviates membrane damage, chlorophyll degradation along with cryoprotectants accumulation during chilling stress that leads to improved reproductive functioning and increased seed yield. Chilling temperatures below 15 °C have severe implications on the reproductive growth and development of chickpea. The abnormal reproductive development and subsequent reproductive failure lead to substantial yield loss.

Production and Purification of Pectinase from 15A-B92 and Its Biotechnological Applications.

Enzymes that degrade pectin are called pectinases. Pectinases of microbial origin are used in juice clarification as the process is cost-effective. This study screened a pectinase-producing bacterium isolated from soil and identified as 15A B-92 based on the 16S rRNA molecular technique.

Th1-Th2 and M1-M2 interplay sculpt Aeromonas hydrophila pathogenesis in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Aeromonas hydrophila is an important aquatic zoonotic pathogen that causes septicemia, necrotizing fasciitis and gastroenteritis in various aquatic and non-aquatic animals. However, the pathogenesis of A. hydrophila is not fully understood.

Chlorophyll sensitized (BiO)CO/ CdWO/rGO nano-hybrid assembly for solar assisted photo-degradation of chlorzoxazone.

In the present laboratory scale experiment, we report the fabrication of chlorophyll sensitized (BiO)CO/CdWO/rGO (BCR) photo-catalyst. The green approach has been adopted for boosting the optical activity by chlorophyll as a sensitizer. The functionality, nature and surface compositions of synthesized photo-catalyst have been identified by FTIR, XRD and XPS instrumentation.

Influence of Fe and Cu Co-Doping on Structural, Magnetic and Electrochemical Properties of CeO Nanoparticles.

The nanoparticles of CeO, CeFeO, and CeFeCuO were synthesized using the co-precipitation-synthesis technique. The effect of co-doping of Fe and Cu on structural, optical, and magnetic properties as well as specific capacitance have been studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning-electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dc magnetization, and electrochemical measurements at room temperature. The results of the XRD analysis infer that all the samples have a single-phase nature and exclude the formation of any extra phase.

Role of Cr Doping on the Structure, Electronic Structure, and Electrochemical Properties of BiFeO Nanoparticles.

BiFe1−xCrxO3, (0 ≤ x ≤ 10) nanoparticles were prepared through the sol−gel technique. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, viz., X-ray diffraction, high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (HRFESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), UV−Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), dc magnetization, near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, to investigate the structural, morphological, optical, magnetic and electrochemical properties.

Rapid chiral separation of potential antibiotics using supercritical fluid chromatography.

WHO is searching most active antibiotics due to the bacterial resistance problem. The activities of the racemic antibiotics may be augment by preparing optically active antibiotics by the chiral separation. Chiral separation of potential antibiotics such as cefotaxime and ofloxacin was studied using amylose-based packing chiral stationary phases (CSPs) such as Chiralpak IA and Chiralpak IG.

Escaping mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens from antibiotics and their targeting by natural compounds.

The microorganisms that have developed resistance to available therapeutic agents are threatening the globe and multidrug resistance among the bacterial pathogens is becoming a major concern of public health worldwide. Bacteria develop protective mechanisms to counteract the deleterious effects of antibiotics, which may eventually result in loss of growth-inhibitory potential of antibiotics. ESKAPE ( and spp.

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of ESL Producers Isolated from the Mobile Phones.

Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of human lives for communication, education, and entertainment activities. This study aims to evaluate the diversity pattern of bacterial contaminants on mobiles and to check antibiotic resistance profiles in 105 samples. The study revealed a contamination of 51% in men and 49% in women, the highest in the 21- to 30-year age group, evidencing the extreme use of mobiles by teenagers.

Hydrothermal synthesis of novel heterostructured Ag/TiO /CuFe O nanocomposite: Characterization, enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye, and efficient antibacterial studies.

In this work, we reported the successful synthesis of novel Ag/TiO /CuFe O ternary nanocomposite by hydrothermal technique by using TiO /CuFe O binary nanocomposite precursor that was also prepared by hydrothermal treatment by using TiO nanoparticles and CuFe O nanoparticles synthesized via sol-gel method. The synthesized nanomaterials were accessed for their morphological, structural, and optical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study reveals the formation of pure Ag/TiO /CuFe O ternary nanocomposite in which the Ag, TiO , and CuFe O are in anatase, spinal, and cubic crystal phases, respectively.

Association of IRGM gene promoter polymorphisms with hepatitis B virus infection.

Background: In response to intracellular pathogens, the autophagy gene IRGM plays an essential role in the innate immune response. Various identified IRGM gene risk loci are associated with several diseases but, so far, no study is available that shows the association of IRGM with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods: We genotyped promoter variants (rs4958842, rs4958843, and rs4958846) of IRGM in HBV infected patients (551) and healthy controls (247) for their role in HBV infection.

Pseudomonas citronellolis alleviates arsenic toxicity and maintains cellular homeostasis in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).

Arsenic is a hazardous metalloid that causes detrimental effects on plant growth and metabolism. Plants accumulate arsenic in edible parts that consequently enter the food chain leading to many health problems. Metal tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) ameliorate heavy metal toxicity.

Role of polyaniline in accomplishing a sustainable environment: recent trends in polyaniline for eradicating hazardous pollutants.

Attaining a sustainable environment has become a prime area of research interest, as it is an utmost necessity for a healthy life. Hence, ample studies have been carried out in adopting different processes and utilizing various materials to attain the goal. Herein, we present an exclusive discussion on one such material, i.

Geometrical and electro-static determinants of protein-protein interactions.

Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are pivotal to the numerous processes in the cell. Therefore, it is of interest to document the analysis of these interactions in terms of binding sites, topology of the interacting structures and physiochemical properties of interacting interfaces and the of forces interactions. The interaction interface of obligatory protein-protein complexes differs from that of the transient interactions.

Role of Antimicrobial Drug in the Development of Potential Therapeutics.

Population of the world run into several health-related emergencies among mankind and humans as it creates a challenge for the evolution of novel drug discoveries. One such can be the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in both hospital and community settings, which have been due to an inappropriate use and inadequate control of antibiotics that has led to the foremost human health concerns with a high impact on the global economy. So far, there has been application of two strategies for the development of anti-infective agents either by classical antibiotics that have been derived for their synthetic analogs with increased efficacy or screening natural compounds along with the synthetic compound libraries for the antimicrobial activities.

Alterations in cellular metabolisms after Imatinib therapy: a review.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the possession of the Philadelphia chromosome, which contains the Bcr-Abl oncogene that codes for the oncoprotein BCR-ABL. Through glucose metabolism, glycolysis, and the translocation of the high-affinity glucose transporter to the cell surface, BCR-ABL modulates various signaling pathways in CML cells and maintains ATP turnover in tumor cells. Given the effective results of anti-tumor drugs in normalizing abnormal cellular metabolism, Imatinib (IM) has begun to be investigated and proven to be a highly potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in CML therapy.