Update on monkeypox virus infection: Focusing current treatment and prevention approaches.

Background: While the world is still facing the global pandemic COVID-19, another zoonosis monkeypox (Mpox) has emerged posing a great threat to society. Insight into the pathogenesis, symptoms, and management strategies will aid in the development of potent therapeutics for the treatment of monkeypox virus infection.

Objectives: To get insight into the current treatment and prevention strategies will aid in effectively coping with the disease.

Thermoalkalophilic polygalacturonase from a novel Glutamicibacter sp.: Bioprospecting, strain improvement, statistical optimization and applications.

The current research discusses a multidimensional bioprocess development, that includes bioprospecting, strain improvement, media optimisation, and applications of the extracted enzyme. A potent alkalophilic polygalacturonase (PG) producing bacterial strain was isolated and identified as a novel Glutamicibacter sp. Furthermore, strain improvement by UV and chemical mutagenesis not only improved the enzyme (PGmut) production but also enhanced its temperature optima from 37 °C to 50 °C.

An overview of the BCG vaccine and its future scope.

Despite intense elimination efforts, tuberculosis (TB) still poses a threat to world health, disproportionately affecting less developed and poorer countries. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, the only anti-TB authorized vaccine can partially stop TB infection and transmission, however, its effectiveness ranges from 0 to 80%. As a result, there is an urgent need for a more potent TB vaccination given the widespread incidence of the disease.

Heteroleptic samarium complexes with high quantum yields for temperature sensing applications.

Two new crystallographically characterized samarium complexes, [Sm(fod)(L1)] (1) and [Sm(fod)(L2)] (2) {L1 = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (bath), L2 = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and fod = anion of 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedione (Hfod)}, were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. Single-crystal (SC) analysis shows that complex 1 is an eight-coordinate structure with a distorted square antiprism geometry (), whereas complex 2 possesses a nine-coordinate structure with distorted muffin geometry (). The NMR results are in line with SC-XRD analysis, which further validate that the complexes remain intact in solutions.

Genome tuning through HLA and KIR gene clusters impact susceptibility to dengue.

Dengue is amongst the most prevalent viral diseases which globally affects millions of individuals annually and renders billions at risk, particularly in tropical and sub-tropical nations. WHO estimated 100-400 million infections each year and reported 4.2 million active cases in 2019 worldwide.

Autophagy related gene 5 polymorphism rs17587319 (C/G) in asthmatic patients in North Indian population.

Genetic background and environmental stimuli play an important role in asthma, which is an individual's hyper-responsiveness to these stimuli leading to airway inflammation. Autophagy Related Gene 5 (ATG5) plays a critical role in the autophagy pathway and has been shown to be involved in asthma. The genetic polymorphisms in the ATG5 have been reported to predispose individuals to asthma.

A DFT study on substituents, solvent, and temperature effect and mechanism of Diels-Alder reaction of hexafluoro-2-butyne with furan.

Context: Furan and its derivatives constitute a vital class of heterocyclic chemistry used widely in organic synthesis via Diels-Alder reactions. As fluorine incorporation has been of great interest due to the limited possible pathways, the present study on [4 + 2] cycloaddition Diels-Alder reaction, between hexafluoro-2-butyne and 2-substituted (NH, OCH, OTMS, NHBoc) furans, uses the reaction as a likely route. The computational study revealed that that the reaction is feasible in all conditions and is most favorable for NH substituent in furan.

Modeling and simulation of multifaceted properties of XNaIO (X = Ca and Sr) double perovskite oxides for advanced technological applications.

Context: In this study, the authors have investigated the structural, optoelectronic, thermoelectric, and thermodynamic properties of CaNaIO and SrNaIO double perovskite oxides. Both materials exhibit semiconductor behavior with direct band gaps (E) of 0.353 eV and 0.

Electric field effect on [Formula: see text] clusters for applications in MOSFETs and DSSCs: a DFT study.

Context: The structural, electronic, non-linear optical (NLO) and spectral properties of [Formula: see text] clusters with [Formula: see text] have been studied under the influence of an external electric field using density functional theory (DFT). The effect of variation in the Hf:Ti ratio on different properties of clusters is investigated. The motivation to study [Formula: see text] clusters lies in the fact that HfTiO thin films have wide applications in various optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices.

Plausible Influence of HLA Class I and Class II Diversity on SARS-CoV-2 Vulnerability.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which adversely affected almost all aspects of human life and resulted in the loss of millions of lives, while affecting nearly 0.67 billion people worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 still poses a challenge to the healthcare system as there are more than 200,000 active cases of COVID-19 around the globe.

In-Silico Aided Screening and Characterization Results in Stability Enhanced Novel Roxadustat Co-Crystal.

Roxadustat (RXD) is an approved drug substances for the treatment of renal anemia. It has poor aqueous solubility and photochemical stability. This study employs a comprehensive approach to enhance the stability and physicochemical properties RXD through coformer selection and characterization.

Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of methicillin-resistant isolated from cattle in Bangalore India as a part of the One Health approach.

In India, limited studies are available on the epidemiological aspects of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) infections in both animal and human settings. Herein, we investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profile and molecular characteristics of MRSA isolates recovered from cattle using the One Health approach. Out of 66 A-positive staphylococci, species-specific multiplex PCR detected 24 % (=16) of isolates as MRSA.

Electronic structure, theoretical power conversion efficiency, and thermoelectric properties of bismuth-based alkaline earth antiperovskites.

Context: This research paper investigates the properties and potential applications of antiperovskite materials. Antiperovskites are a class of materials with a unique crystal structure, where the central atom is surrounded by a cage of anions. We review recent research on antiperovskite-based materials for energy storage, photovoltaics, catalysis, and sensors.

Nanotechnology-assisted treatment of pharmaceuticals contaminated water.

The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater due to an increase in industrialization and urbanization is a serious health concern. The demand for diverse types of pharmaceutical compounds is expected to grow as there is continuous improvement in the global human health standards. Discharge of domestic pharmaceutical personal care products and hospital waste has aggravated the burden on wastewater management.

Pure red-light emitting europium based complexes as efficient UV light converters: synthesis, crystal structure and photoluminescence properties.

This paper reports three new crystallographically characterized europium complexes with composition as follows: [Eu(fod)(L1)] (1), [Eu(fod)(L2)] (2) and [Eu(fod)(L3)] (3) {L1 = benzimidazole (bzi), L2 = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (bath), L3 = 2-(2-pyridyl) benzimidazole (py-im) and fod = anion of 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedione (Hfod)}. The single crystal (SC) XRD analysis shows that complex 1 is seven-coordinated while complexes 2 and 3 are eight-coordinated with the geometrical structures of a mono-capped octahedron and a trigonal dodecahedron, respectively. The NMR spectra of the complexes validate the SC-XRD results in solution.

Single-molecule analysis of osmolyte-mediated nanomechanical unfolding behavior of a protein domain.

The small organic molecules, known as osmolytes being ubiquitously present in different cell types, affect protein folding, stability and aggregation. However, it is unknown how the osmolytes affect the nanomechanical unfolding behavior of protein domain. Here, we show the osmolyte-dependent mechanical unfolding properties of protein titin immunoglobulin-27 (I27) domain using an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based single-molecule force spectroscopy.

Drought priming modulates ABF, GRFs, related microRNAs and induce metabolic adjustment during heat stress in chickpea.

Drought and high temperature stress may occur concomitantly or individually in succession causing cellular dysfunctions. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key stress regulator, and its responsive genes are controlled by ABRE (Abscisic acid Responsive Element)-binding factors (ABFs)and G-Box Regulatory factors (GRFs). Here, we identify ABFs, GRFs and targeting miRNAs in desi and kabuli chickpea.

Tailored efficient energy transfer Tb, Eu activated/co-activated LiAl(PO) phosphor by substitution of alkali metals: the effect of charge compensation.

Phosphites are the new emerging candidates in the field of luminescence in the modern era. In the present investigation, Tb/Eu activated/co-activated LiAl(PO) phosphor was prepared by a wet chemical method, and the effect of R (Na, K) ions on photoluminescence (PL) properties of these phosphors are investigated. Phase identification and crystal structure of the prepared phosphor were determined using XRD and Rietveld refinement, respectively.

Eco-friendly synthesized nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents: an updated review.

Green synthesis of NPs has gained extensive acceptance as they are reliable, eco-friendly, sustainable, and stable. Chemically synthesized NPs cause lung inflammation, heart problems, liver dysfunction, immune suppression, organ accumulation, and altered metabolism, leading to organ-specific toxicity. NPs synthesized from plants and microbes are biologically safe and cost-effective.

Physics of large thermoelectric power factors in SnSe nanoflakes in mid-temperature range.

We have theoretically investigated the underlying physics of observed high electrical conductivity (), simultaneous increase of σ and Seebeck coefficient () with temperature, and large power factors (PFs) in nominally undoped SnSe nanoflakes sintered at different temperatures, reported recently in Mandava(2022155710). Given the fact that S and σ show unusual temperature trends and that the undoped SnSe samples are highly porous and disordered, the conventional Boltzmann theory does not appear to be an appropriate model to describe their transport properties. We have, instead, used a strong disorder model based on percolation theory where charge and energy transport take place through hopping between localized states to understand these observations.

Management of bovine brucellosis in organized dairy herds through the identification of risk factors: A cross-sectional study from Karnataka, India.

Background And Aim: Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by species. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis seropositivity in organized dairy farms to control the disease in unvaccinated adult bovine herds in Karnataka, India.

Materials And Methods: In total, 3610 samples (3221 cattle and 389 buffaloes) were subjected to parallel testing using the Rose Bengal plate test and protein G-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, followed by analyses of animal- and farm-level epidemiological datasets to identify the risk factors.

Role of Transcription Factor BEND3 and Its Potential Effect on Cancer Progression.

BEND3 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in mammals. While there is limited research on the role of BEND3 as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene and its potential role in cancer therapy is still emerging, several studies suggest that it may be involved in both the processes. Its interaction and regulation with multiple other factors via p21 have already been reported to play a significant role in cancer development, which serves as an indication of its potential role in oncogenesis.

Fabrication of Colored Polymeric Membrane Using Clay-Based Nano Pigments of Safranin O (SO) Dye.

In the present work, a novel methodology was developed for the fabrication of clay-based nano pigments with enhanced thermal stability and used further as a colorant to prepare polymeric membranes. Initially, the batch extraction studies were performed to analyze the maximum adsorption of Safranin O (SO) dye onto pristine montmorillonite (Mt) and organo montmorillonite (OMt) by varying different parameters like pH, contact time, and concentration. It was confirmed from batch extraction studies that the adsorption efficacy of pristine Mt for SO was found to be more than OMt due to their negatively charged surface.