In silico and in vitro Characterizations of Rodent Tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme) Mutant Plant Isolates against FXR Receptor on MCF-7 Cells.

Typhonium flagelliforme (T. flagelliforme) is an Indonesian rodent tuber plant traditionally used to treat cancer diseases. Although gamma-ray irradiation has been used to increase the content in the chemical compounds of the T.

High dietary Mucuna pruriens utilis seed meal compromises growth performance, carcass traits, haemato-biochemistry, and meat quality of broilers.

Usage of soyabean meal (SBM) in broiler diets is economically and environmentally unsustainable thus necessitating investigation of alternative protein sources. Therefore, this study investigated effects of incremental inclusion levels of Mucuna pruriens utilis seed meal (MSM) for partial substitution of SBM in broiler diets. In a completely randomized design (CRD), 400 day-old Ross 308 chicks were allotted to 5 iso-caloric-nitrogenous MSM-containing (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) dietary treatments.

Transforming Medicine with Nanobiotechnology: Nanocarriers and Their Biomedical Applications.

Nanobiotechnology, at the intersection of nanotechnology and biology, represents a burgeoning field poised to revolutionize medicine through the use of advanced nanocarriers. These nanocarriers, endowed with distinctive physiobiological attributes, are instrumental in diverse therapeutic domains including drug delivery for microbial infections, cancer treatment, tissue engineering, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. Despite the transformative potential, several challenges hinder their efficacy, such as limited drug capacity, suboptimal targeting, and poor solubility.

Gut Microbiota Diversity of Local Egyptian Cattle Managed in Different Ecosystems.

The animal gastrointestinal tract contains a complex microbiome whose composition ultimately reflects the co-evolution of microorganisms with their animal host and their host's environment. This study aimed to gain insights into the adaptation of the microbiota of local Egyptian cattle to three different ecosystems (Upper Egypt, Middle Egypt, and Lower Egypt) distributed across 11 governorates (with an average of 12 animals per governorate) using amplicon sequencing. We analyzed the microbiota from 136 fecal samples of local Egyptian cattle through a 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach to better understand the fecal microbial diversity of this breed which developed under different ecosystems.

Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Whole Grape Juices from and Brazilian Hybrid Grapes in Two Training Systems.

The phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of whole grape juices from and Brazilian hybrids in two training systems were analyzed. Genotypes of ('Bordô' and 'Isabel') and Brazilian hybrids ('IAC 138-22 Máximo' and 'BRS Violeta') were grafted onto the rootstock 'IAC 766 Campinas' (106-8 'Mgt' × ) and trained on low and high trellis. After harvest, the grapes were destemmed and the berries macerated in a roller crusher.

Synergistic effect of cerium chloride and calcium chloride alters calcium signaling in keratinocytes to promote epidermal differentiation.

Epidermal keratinocytes undergo morphological and functional changes during differentiation, eventually being enucleated to become corneocytes. Calcium has been shown to be involved in various cellular functions of epidermal cells, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Cerium is a lanthanide-series element and rare earth metal.

Life table analysis and RNA-Seq reveal hormesis and transgenerational effects of deltamethrin on Aphis gossypii.

Background: Deltamethrin, as a highly effective and broad-spectrum insecticide, has been widely used for agricultural pest control such as Aphis gossypii worldwide. Increasing evidence has shown that despite great economic benefits brought by it, deltamethrin has also non-negligible side effects. However, the potential risks and related molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear.

New insights into the oxidative and cytogenotoxic effects of Tetraglyme on human peripheral blood cells.

The present study investigated the oxidative and cytogenotoxic potential of Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (known as Tetraglyme) on healthy human peripheral blood lymphocytes, widely used as an in vitro model for assessing the human health risk posed by different chemical compounds. In a first step, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H NMR) spectroscopy, and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) were employed to estimate Tetraglyme's stability under a wide range of pH values (4-12), and thus to identify potential by-products. Thereafter, isolated lymphocytes were treated with different concentrations of Tetraglyme (0.

Influence of dietary lysolecithin on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haemato-biochemistry, and oxidative status of broiler birds.

This study examined the effect of dietary lysolecithin on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haematobiochemistry, and oxidative status in finisher broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design (CRD), 300 21-day-old Chikun strain chicks were randomly allocated to 30 pens in which they were allotted to 5 dietary treatments as follows TI (0 g /100kg), T2 (100 g /100kg), T3 (200 g /100kg), T4 (300 g /100kg), T5 (400 g /100kg) of feed with 6 replicates pens of 10 during the finisher phase (28 days). Results showed that dietary supplementation with lysolecithin increased the final body weight (FBW) (quadratic P = 0.

Brassinosteroids in cotton: orchestrating fiber development.

Cotton cultivation spans over 30 million hectares across 85 countries and regions, with more than half participating in the global cotton textile trade. The elongated cotton fiber cell is an ideal model for studying cell elongation and understanding plant growth and development. Brassinosteroids (BRs), recognized for their role in cell elongation, offer the potential for improving cotton fiber quality and yield.

Response of bacterial communities and soil chemistry to flood durations and recovery phases.

Flooding profoundly impacts soil bacterial communities; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated how flooding (3, 8, and 16 days) and post-flooding (immediately and 2, 5, and 30 days) durations affect soil physicochemical properties, bacterial communities, and their interactions-crucial factors in floodplain nutrient and carbon cycling. The results showed that bacteria constituted 99.

-like fungi on bamboo: four new genera belonging to a new family ().

This study investigates the phylogeny and taxonomy of -like fungi (, ) found in association with bamboo in Japan. Four new genera, (including three new species, i.e.

Effects of developmental stages, sex difference, and diet types of the host marmalade hoverfly ( on symbiotic bacteria.

Introduction: Symbiotic bacteria play key roles in a variety of important life processes of insects such as development, reproduction and environmental adaptation, and the elucidation of symbiont population structure and dynamics is crucial for revealing the underlying regulatory mechanisms. The marmalade hoverfly () is not only a remarkable aphid predator, but also a worldwide pollinator second to honeybees. However, its symbiont composition and dynamics remain unclear.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of cotton thrips Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).

Cotton thrip, Thrips tabaci is a major polyphagous pest widely distributed on a variety of crops around the world, causing huge economic losses to agricultural production. Due to its biological and genomic characteristics, this pest can reproduce quickly and develop resistance to various pesticides in a very short time. However, the lack of high-quality reference genomes has hindered deeper gene function exploration and slows down the development of new management strategies.

Integrated cytological and transcriptomic analyses provide new insights into restoration of pollen viability in synthetic allotetraploid Brassica carinata.

Upregulation of genes involved in DNA damage repair and sperm cell differentiation leads to restoration of pollen viability in synthetic allotetraploid B. carinata after chromosome doubling. Apart from the well-known contribution of polyploidy to crop improvement, polyploids can also be induced for other purposes, such as to restore the viability of sterile hybrids.

Phylogeography of the ambrosia beetle Euwallacea interjectus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae): an emerging poplar pest and its Fusarium mutualists from poplar plantations in China.

Native to Asia, Euwallacea interjectus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is a destructive and invasive pest of live trees, and now it has been found in the United States and Argentina. In recent years, this pest appeared in high densities in poplar monocultures from Eastern China (Jiangsu and Shanghai) and Argentina and caused significant poplar mortality. However, the origin of the pests related to tree damage and the Fusarium mutualists from some poplar zones in China remained unclear.

Homology-based characterization of the cis-regulatory elements modulate flavone induction of CYP321A1 in Helicoverpa armigera.

Xenobiotic response element (XRE) to flavone was the cis- regulatory elements that mediates the induction of the allelochemical-metabolizing CYP321A1 gene from Helicoverpa zea. However, it was unknown whether the XRE-Fla element existed in other species. Recently we have identified and cloned the CYP321A1 gene with promoter region in a related species, Helicoverpa armigera.

Salt-Reduced Fish Sauce Produced under Pressurized Carbon Dioxide Treatment Using , , , , Their Collective Mixture, and Unused Fish Mixture.

Fish sauce is produced at high salt concentrations (>20%) to inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. The salt-reduced fish sauce (10% salt) was prepared under pressurized CO (pCO) conditions at 30 °C and 5 MPa for 3 months (FSCO2), from , , , , and their collective mixture, as well as unused fish mixture obtained from the Ariake Sea in Japan. FSCO2 exhibited significantly better microbial quality and free amino acid content, lighter color, standardized odor (dashi-like odor), and umami richness qualities compared to fish sauces prepared using the conventional method (FScon) (20% salt), as previously demonstrated, after a fermentation period of 2 months.

Mixed and -fermented feed improves gut microbiota and immunity of Bamei piglet.

Antibiotics are widely used in the breeding production of Bamei pigs, affecting the quality and safety of pork and causing enormous harm to human health, the environment, and public health. The use of probiotic fermented feed to replace antibiotic feed is one of the solutions, which has the potential to improve the intestinal microbiota, promote animal growth, and enhance immunity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fermented feed with (L.