Construction of Genetic Linkage Map and Mapping QTL Specific to Leaf Anthocyanin Colouration in Mapping Population 'Allahabad Safeda' × 'Purple Guava (Local)' of Guava ( L.).

In the present investigation, F1 hybrids were developed in guava ( L.) by crossing high leaf-anthocyanin reflective-index (1) content cultivars purple guava (local) 'PG', 'CISH G-1' and low leaf-1 content cultivar Seedless 'SL' with Allahabad Safeda 'AS'. On the basis of phenotypic observations, high 1 content was observed in the cross 'AS' × 'PG' (0.

Conversion of sheath blight susceptible indica and japonica rice cultivars into moderately resistant through expression of antifungal β-1,3-glucanase transgene from Trichoderma spp.

Rice is an important food crop for three billion people worldwide. The crop is vulnerable to several diseases. Sheath blight caused by fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is a significant threat to rice cultivation accounting for up to 50% yield losses.

3-Hydroxy-3-alkylindolin-2-ones: regioselective synthesis, molecular docking and nematicidal studies against .

Regioselective nucleophilic addition of unsubstituted isatin () was carried out for the synthesis of pharmaceutically and to be agrochemically important 3-hydroxy-3-akylindolin-2-ones () using discrete nucleophiles generation of Grignard reagent. The synthesized derivatives were characterized by spectral techniques and were evaluated for nematicidal activity against . The nematicidal assay revealed that 1-ethyl-3-hydroxyindolin-2-one () exhibited potent nematicidal activity against .

Genome-wide Association Study for Yield and Yield-Related Traits in Diverse Blackgram Panel ( L. Hepper) Reveals Novel Putative Alleles for Future Breeding Programs.

Blackgram ( L. Hepper) is an important tropical and sub-tropical short-duration legume that is rich in dietary protein and micronutrients. Producing high-yielding blackgram varieties is hampered by insufficient genetic variability, absence of suitable ideotypes, low harvest index and susceptibility to biotic-abiotic stresses.

MicroRNA-mediated host defense mechanisms against pathogens and herbivores in rice: balancing gains from genetic resistance with trade-offs to productivity potential.

Background: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the major source of daily caloric intake for more than 30% of the human population. However, the sustained productivity of this staple food crop is continuously threatened by various pathogens and herbivores.

Indian Wheat Genomics Initiative for Harnessing the Potential of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Breeding Disease-Resistant, Nutrient-Dense, and Climate-Resilient Cultivars.

Wheat is one of the major staple cereal food crops in India. However, most of the wheat-growing areas experience several biotic and abiotic stresses, resulting in poor quality grains and reduced yield. To ensure food security for the growing population in India, there is a compelling need to explore the untapped genetic diversity available in gene banks for the development of stress-resistant/tolerant cultivars.

Genome-wide identification and in silico analysis of NPF, NRT2, CLC and SLAC1/SLAH nitrate transporters in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum).

Nitrogen transport is one of the most important processes in plants mediated by specialized transmembrane proteins. Plants have two main systems for nitrogen uptake from soil and its transport within the system-a low-affinity transport system and a high-affinity transport system. Nitrate transporters are of special interest in cereal crops because large amount of money is spent on N fertilizers every year to enhance the crop productivity.

BSA-seq Identifies a Major Locus on Chromosome 6 for Root-Knot Nematode () Resistance From .

Root-knot nematode () is one of the emerging threats to rice production worldwide that causes substantial yield reductions. There is a progressive shift of the cropping system from traditional transplanting to direct-seeded water-saving rice production that favored the development of . Scouting and deploying new resistance genes is an economical approach to managing the root-knot nematodes.

Molecular mapping and transfer of a novel brown planthopper resistance gene bph42 from Oryza rufipogon (Griff.) To cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Background: Brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is one of the most destructive pests of rice accounting for 52% of annual yield loss. The breakdown of resistance against known BPH biotypes necessitates the identification and deployment of new genes from diverse sources. The current study aimed at mapping and transfer of a novel BPH resistance gene from the wild species of rice O.

A Prospective Review on Selectable Marker-Free Genome Engineered Rice: Past, Present and Future Scientific Realm.

As a staple food crop, rice has gained mainstream attention in genome engineering for its genetic improvement. Genome engineering technologies such as transgenic and genome editing have enabled the significant improvement of target traits in relation to various biotic and abiotic aspects as well as nutrition, for which genetic diversity is lacking. In comparison to conventional breeding, genome engineering techniques are more precise and less time-consuming.

Corrigendum: Wheat Microbiome: Structure, Dynamics, and Role in Improving Performance Under Stress Environments.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.

Bidirectional Microbiome-Gut-Brain-Axis Communication Influences Metabolic Switch-Associated Responses in the Mosquito .

The periodic ingestion of a protein-rich blood meal by adult female mosquitoes causes a drastic metabolic change in their innate physiological status, which is referred to as a 'metabolic switch'. While understanding the neural circuits for host-seeking is modestly attended, how the gut 'metabolic switch' modulates brain functions, and resilience to physiological homeostasis, remains unexplored. Here, through a comparative brain RNA-Seq study, we demonstrate that the protein-rich diet induces the expression of brain transcripts related to mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, possibly causing a shift in the brain's engagement to manage organismal homeostasis.

Juvenile heat stress tolerance in Triticum durum-Aegilops tauschii derived synthetics: a way forward for wheat improvement.

Background: Exponentially increasing population and everchanging climatic conditions are two major concerns for global food security. Early sowing in the second fortnight of October is an emerging trend with farmers in Indo Gangetic Plains to avoid yield losses from terminal heat stress. This also benefits the use of residual soil moisture of rice crop, conserving about one irrigation.

Marker-assisted introgression of genes into rye translocation leads to the improvement in bread making quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Introgression of genes from related species can be a powerful way to genetically improve crop yields, but selection for one trait can come at the cost to others. Wheat varieties with translocation of the short arm of chromosome 1 from the B genome of wheat (1BS) with the short arm of chromosome 1 from rye (1RS) are popular globally for their positive effect on yield and stress resistance. Unfortunately, this translocation (1BL.

Introgressing cry1Ac for Pod Borer Resistance in Chickpea Through Marker-Assisted Backcross Breeding.

The gram pod borer is a major constraint to chickpea ( L.) production worldwide, reducing crop yield by up to 90%. The constraint is difficult to overcome as chickpea germplasm including wild species either lacks pod borer resistance or if possessing resistance is cross-incompatible.

Interaction of TiO nanoparticles with soil: Effect on microbiological and chemical traits.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) are the most widely used nanomaterials and their expanding use raises concerns about their impacts on soil ecosystems and functioning. The present study evaluates the potential impacts of TiO NPs applied at low doses (0, 1.0, 2.

The autophagy-related proteins FvAtg4 and FvAtg8 are involved in virulence and fumonisin biosynthesis in .

Autophagy is the main intracellular degradation system by which cytoplasmic materials are transported to and degraded in the vacuole/lysosome of eukaryotic cells, and it also controls cellular differentiation and virulence in a variety of filamentous fungi. However, the contribution of the autophagic pathway to fungal development and pathogenicity in the important maize pathogen and mycotoxigenic fungus is still unknown. In this study, we characterized two autophagy-related proteins, FvAtg4 and FvAtg8.

RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics Study to Investigate the Genes Governing Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Indian Wheat Cultivars.

High NUE (nitrogen use efficiency) has great practical significance for sustainable crop production. Wheat is one of the main cultivated crops worldwide for human food and nutrition. However, wheat grain productivity is dependent upon cultivars with high NUE in addition to the application of nitrogen fertilizers.

Pyramiding of genes for grain protein content, grain quality, and rust resistance in eleven Indian bread wheat cultivars: a multi-institutional effort.

Unlabelled: Improvement of grain protein content (GPC), loaf volume, and resistance to rusts was achieved in 11 Indian wheat cultivars that are widely grown in four different agro-climatic zones of India. This involved use of marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) for introgression and pyramiding of the following genes: (i) the high GPC gene ; (ii) HMW glutenin subunits 5 + 10 at loci, and (iii) rust resistance genes, , , , and . GPC increased by 0.

Residual effect of defeated stripe rust resistance genes/QTLs in bread wheat against prevalent pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici.

The periodic breakdowns of stripe rust resistance due to emergence of new virulent and more aggressive pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici have resulted in severe epidemics in India.

Potential of engineering the myo-inositol oxidation pathway to increase stress resilience in plants.

Myo-inositol is one of the most abundant form of inositol. The myo-inositol (MI) serves as substrate to diverse biosynthesis pathways and hence it is conserved across life forms. The biosynthesis of MI is well studied in animals.

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Earliness, Fruit, and Seed Related Traits Using High Density Genotyping-by-Sequencing-Based Genetic Map in Bitter Gourd ( L.).

Bitter gourd ( L.) is an important vegetable crop having numerous medicinal properties. Earliness and yield related traits are main aims of bitter gourd breeding program.

Hydrolyzed Yeast Supplementation to Newly Weaned Piglets: Growth Performance, Gut Health, and Microbial Fermentation.

Hydrolyzed yeast (HY)-derived protein from has a high digestible protein content and nucleotides and is a sweetener immunostimulatory substance. This could be used in nursery diets to minimize diarrhea and improve the growth rate and gut health of early-weaned piglets. This research was conducted with the objective of examining the effect of the inclusion level of HY as a potential protein ingredient for early-weaned piglets.