Nano-pumice derived from pumice mine waste as a low-cost electrode catalyst for microbial fuel cell treating edible vegetable oil refinery wastewater for bioenergy generation and reuse.

This study aimed to assess nano-pumice (NP) from pumice mining waste as a local, cost-effective anode catalyst in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for treating edible vegetable oil refinery wastewater (EVORW) and generating bioenergy. Pumice mining waste was converted into nano in three stages: crushing up to ≤3 cm, reducing the size of the previous step particles to 150 μm and converting the previous step particles to <100 nm. Nano-pumice prepared was coated on the carbon cloth (CC) to increase anode surface area of MFC.

Small but mighty: nanoemulsion particle size dictates bone regeneration potential of FTY720.

The burgeoning field of nano-bone regeneration is yet to establish a definitive optimal particle size for nanocarriers. This study investigated the impacts of nanocarrier's particle size on the bone regeneration efficacy of fingolimod (FTY720)-loaded nanoemulsions. Two distinct particle sizes (60 and 190 nm, designated as NF60 and NF190, respectively) were produced using low-energy and high-energy emulsion techniques, maintaining a consistent surfactant, co-surfactant, and oil.

Evaluation of Metastasis Inhibition by ABD-IL-2 Compared to Human IL-2 in a Breast Cancer Mouse Model.

Background: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a well-known cytokine that plays a crucial role in stimulating immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells. It has been studied as an immunotherapy for a variety of diseases, including cancer. However, due to its short serum half-life, high doses of IL-2 are required which can result in systemic toxicities like capillary leak syndrome.

Exosomes derived stem cells as a modern therapeutic approach for skin rejuvenation and hair regrowth.

Background: The skin covers the surface of the body and acts as the first defense barrier against environmental damage. Exposure of the skin to environmental physical and chemical factors such as mechanical injuries, UV rays, air pollution, chemicals, etc. Leads to numerous damages to skin cells such as fibroblasts, keratinocytes, melanocytes, etc.

Efficacy of 3D-printed chitosan‑cerium oxide dressings coated with vancomycin-loaded alginate for chronic wounds management.

Multifunctional wound dressings with antibacterial and antioxidant properties hold significant promise for treating chronic wounds; however, achieving a balance of these characteristics while maintaining biocompatibility is challenging. To enhance this balance, this study focuses on the design and development of 3D-printed chitosan-matrix composite scaffolds, which are incorporated with varying amounts of cerium oxide nanoparticles (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%) and subsequently coated with a vancomycin-loaded alginate layer. The structure, antibiotic drug delivery kinetics, biodegradation, swelling, biocompatibility, antibacterial, antioxidant, and cell migration behaviors of the fabricated dressings were evaluated in-vitro.

The impact of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by metabolic processes and intracellular signaling pathways on chemo-resistance, metastasis, and recurrence in solid tumors.

The intricate cellular process, known as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), significantly influences solid tumors development. Changes in cell shape, metabolism, and gene expression linked to EMT facilitate tumor cell invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. So, a better understanding of the intricate processes underlying EMT and its role in tumor growth may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of solid tumors.

Functional Efficacy of Tissue-Engineered Small-Diameter Nanofibrous Polyurethane Vascular Grafts Surface-Modified by Methacrylated Sulfated Alginate in the Rat Abdominal Aorta.

Improved design to imitate natural vascular scaffolds is critical in vascular tissue engineering (VTE). Smooth muscle cells originating from surrounding tissues require larger pore sizes relative to those of endothelial progenitor cells found in the bloodstream. Furthermore, biofunctionalized scaffolds mimic the microenvironment, cellular function, and tissue morphogenesis.

The impact of 45S5 bioglass vs. β-TCP nanoparticles ratio on rheological behavior of formulated printing inks and 3D printed polycaprolactone-based scaffolds final properties.

Extrusion based 3-D printing has been extensively applied to create geometrically complex composite polymer-ceramic structures as bone tissue substitute. The rheological features of the formulated bioink that regulate the printability and resolution of the printed scaffolds, rely on physicochemical properties of ink components, mainly their composition and chemical structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different content of 45S5 bioglass (BG) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanoparticles on the rheological behavior of printing inks and final composite scaffolds based on polycaprolactone (PCL)/BG/β-TCP.

In vitro activity of nanoliposomal amphotericin B against terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton indotineae isolates.

Background: The emergence of resistance in dermatophytes underscores the necessity for developing novel and alternative treatment options.

Methods: The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of nanoliposomal amphotericin B against a large panel of terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton indotineae isolates. In vitro susceptibility testing of nanoliposomal amphotericin B and comparators against 50 clinical isolates of terbinafine-resistant T.

A novel frameshift variant in the TMPRSS3 gene causes nonsyndromic hearing loss in a consanguineous family.

Background: Hearing Loss (HL) is the most common sensorineural condition in humans. Mutations in the TMPRSS3 gene (DNFB8/10 locus) have been linked to autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL).

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was utilized to identify disease-causing variants in a proband from Iran with ARNSHL who presented clinically with sensorineural, bilateral, and prelingual HL.

Immunogenic Consideration of a Designed Polypeptide Against Brucellosis Compared to RB51: An Study.

Background: Brucellosis in livestock and its transmission to humans through the consumption of contaminated dairy products is an important issue. The introduction of new approaches using immunogenic proteins against and diagnosing brucellosis is a serious issue in human health.

Methods: contains five proteins including: MOXR family ATPase-α2, T9SS C-terminal target domain-containing protein, Cobyric acid synthase, Hypothetical protein, and VirB11 type IV Secretion protein, which were considered and the designed recombinant polypeptide was produced and evaluated.

A deep learning model based on the BERT pre-trained model to predict the antiproliferative activity of anti-cancer chemical compounds.

Identifying new compounds with minimal side effects to enhance patients' quality of life is the ultimate goal of drug discovery. Due to the expensive and time-consuming nature of experimental investigations and the scarcity of data in traditional QSAR studies, deep transfer learning models, such as the BERT model, have recently been suggested. This study evaluated the model's performance in predicting the anti-proliferative activity of five cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF7, MDA-MB231, PC3, and MDA-MB) using over 3,000 synthesized molecules from PubChem.

Computational discovery of novel GPX4 inhibitors from herbal sources as potential ferroptosis inducers in cancer therapy.

Ferroptosis, a cell death regulation process dependent on iron levels, represents a promising therapeutic target in cancer treatment. However, the scarcity of potent ferroptosis inducers hinders advancement in this area. This study addresses this gap by screening the PubChem database for compounds with favorable ADMET properties to identify potential GPX4 inhibitors.

Bilirubin, a hepatoprotective agent that activates SIRT1, PGC-1α, and PPAR-α, while inhibiting NF-κB in rats with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disorder characterized by fatty liver disease alongside overweight or obesity and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Timely intervention is crucial for a potential cure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bilirubin, an endogenous antioxidant, on lipid metabolism and inflammation in MAFLD.

Expression pattern of ARG1 and iNOS genes in macrophages of Rhombomys opimus, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice exposed to Leishmania major and salivary gland homogenates of Phlebotomus papatasi.

Early interactions between Leishmania-macrophages (MQ) of host and effect of sand fly saliva are central to leishmaniasis outcome. Macrophages are able to kill or act as long-term hosts of parasite depending on host immunity. It proved that immunogenic proteins in sand fly saliva mostly have an exacerbating effect on leishmaniasis by up-regulating cytokines.

Cutibacterium Acnes induces Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in brains of wistar rats through structural changes associated with microtubules.

Background: Cutibacterium acnes(C. acnes), a Gram-positive anaerobe and a dominant bacterium species in the sebaceous follicles of the face was detected in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. It has been found that C.