Outpatient surgical fixation of complicated calcaneal fractures pose no excess risk for 30-day complications.

The purpose of this study was to identify if complicated open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of calcaneal fractures (i.e. requiring bone graft) performed in the outpatient setting poses an excess risk for 30-day complications compared to inpatient procedures.

GDNF and cAMP significantly enhance blood-brain barrier integrity in a humanized tricellular transwell model.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial membrane safeguarding neural tissue by controlling the molecular exchange between blood and the brain. However, assessing BBB permeability presents challenges for central nervous system (CNS) drug development. studies of BBB-permeable agents before animal testing are essential to mitigate failures.

Predicting Nerve Course Variations to Prevent Iatrogenic Lesions: A Surgical Perspective on Sural Nerve Variations.

Background: There are several documented variations of the sural nerve noted within the literature. This cadaveric study was conducted to provide a surgical perspective to either directly addressing the sural nerve, or avoiding it depending on the injury or pathology being surgically addressed.

Methods: Twenty-five preserved cadaveric limbs were dissected from the popliteal fossa to the foot.

Design and Evaluation of a Bilateral Semi-Rigid Exoskeleton to Assist Hip Motion.

This study focused on designing and evaluating a bilateral semi-rigid hip exoskeleton. The exoskeleton assisted the hip joint, capitalizing on its proximity to the body's center of mass. Unlike its rigid counterparts, the semi-rigid design permitted greater freedom of movement.

Effectiveness of interventions to enhance healing of chronic foot ulcers in diabetes: A systematic review.

Background: It is critical that interventions used to enhance the healing of chronic foot ulcers in diabetes are backed by high-quality evidence and cost-effectiveness. In previous years, the systematic review accompanying guidelines published by the International Working Group of the Diabetic Foot performed 4-yearly updates of previous searches, including trials of prospective, cross-sectional and case-control design.

Aims: Due to a need to re-evaluate older studies against newer standards of reporting and assessment of risk of bias, we performed a whole new search from conception, but limiting studies to randomised control trials only.

Incorporating Research into a Busy Clinical Practice: A Practical Approach.

Treating patients in clinic can be busy and stressful; however, utilization of well-planned strategic workflows that include the proper information for research studies can result in daily prospective data collection that will be subsequently amenable to retrospective analysis.

Lower limb revascularization leads to faster walking but with less efficient mechanics in claudicating patients.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by reduced blood flow to the extremities due to atherosclerosis. Studies report impaired gait mechanics in patients with lower extremity PAD. We hypothesized that revascularization surgery would improve gait mechanics when quantified by net lower limb joint work across the stance phase of walking.

The Reset Neurotomy within a Nonidentifiable Zone of Injury after Trauma.

Recent reconstructive approaches to peripheral nerve surgery have been directed toward active approaches; one such approach is nerve grafting the injured nerve segment. Addressing a nerve injury proximal to the zone of injury has demonstrated reproducible results in preventing symptomatic neuroma formation. A 53-year-old woman with a history of an ankle fracture presented with neuritic symptoms that interfered with her activities of daily living.

How Important Is a Lesser Metatarsal Osteotomy in Preventing Second Hammertoe Recurrence?

Hammertoes with greater preoperative transverse plane deformity are more likely to recur after corrective surgery; however, it is unclear whether this represents an inherent (fixed, nonmodifiable) risk, or whether steps can be taken intraoperatively to mitigate this risk. In this study, we examined whether transverse plane transposition and/or shortening of the second metatarsal during second hammertoe surgery influenced recurrence. We performed a secondary analysis of pre-existing data from patients that had previously undergone second hammertoe surgery at our institution between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2013.

American Podiatric Surgeons' Postoperative Multimodal Analgesic-Prescribing Practice: A 2019-2020 National Survey.

Background: Surgery is a common setting for opioid-naive patients to first be exposed to opioids. Understanding the multimodal analgesic-prescribing habits of podiatric surgeons in the United States may be helpful to refining prescribing protocols. The purpose of this benchmark study was to identify whether certain demographic characteristics of podiatric surgeons were associated with their postoperative multimodal analgesic-prescribing practices.

Validating a fear-of-falling-related activity avoidance scale in lower limb prosthesis users.

Background: Limited available data suggest that fear of falling (FoF) may be common among lower limb prosthesis users (LLPUs) and associated with negative rehabilitation outcomes. The impact of FoF on outcomes may be exacerbated when fear leads to self-imposed declines in activity. There is a need to identify the validity of fear-of-falling-related activity avoidance scales in LLPUs.

Postprocedural Opioid-Prescribing Practice in Nail Surgery.

Background: Ingrown toenails are a common condition requiring outpatient procedures in podiatric medical clinics. To prevent recurrence, chemical matrixectomy is often recommended. Postprocedural pain management is largely based on preferences rather than on a formal guideline.

Intellectual Property and Royalty Payments Among Foot and Ankle Surgery Fellowship Faculty.

Faculty of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society fellowship programs are uniquely positioned to provide advanced clinical and surgical training to fellows. One aspect of this training may include product design and mentorship through the associated intellectual property (IP) and patent timeline. This study describes the payments received and IP held among foot and ankle surgery fellowship faculty.

Inhibition of Gap Junction Formation Prior to Implantation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Improves Function in the Ischemic Myocardium.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) are reported to induce beneficial effects in the heart following ischemia, but a loss of these cells within hours of implantation could significantly diminish their long-term effect. We hypothesized that early coupling between BM-MSC and ischemic cardiomyocytes through gap junctions (GJ) may play an important role in stem cell survival and retention in the acute phase of myocardial ischemia. To determine the effect of GJ inhibition on murine BM-MSC in vivo, we induced ischemia in mice using 90 min left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion followed by BM-MSC implantation and reperfusion.

Effectiveness of offloading interventions for people with diabetes-related foot ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Offloading treatment is crucial to heal diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU). This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of offloading interventions for people with DFU.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane databases, and trials registries for all studies relating to offloading interventions in people with DFU to address 14 clinical question comparisons.

Guidelines on interventions to enhance healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes (IWGDF 2023 update).

Aims: Principles of wound management, including debridement, wound bed preparation, and newer technologies involving alternation of wound physiology to facilitate healing, are of utmost importance when attempting to heal a chronic diabetes-related foot ulcer. However, the rising incidence and costs of diabetes-related foot ulcer management necessitate that interventions to enhance wound healing of chronic diabetes-related foot ulcers are supported by high-quality evidence of efficacy and cost effectiveness when used in conjunction with established aspects of gold-standard multidisciplinary care. This is the 2023 International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) evidence-based guideline on wound healing interventions to promote healing of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes.

Guidelines on offloading foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2023 update).

Aims: Offloading mechanical tissue stress is arguably the most important of multiple interventions needed to heal diabetes-related foot ulcers. This is the 2023 International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) evidence-based guideline on offloading interventions to promote healing of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes. It serves as an update of the 2019 IWGDF guideline.

The Effects of PP2A Disruption on ER-Mitochondria Contact and Mitochondrial Functions in Neuronal-like Cells.

Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) regulate several cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial function, and dynamics. While MAMs are upregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the mechanisms underlying this increase remain unknown. A possible mechanism may include dysregulation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which is reduced in the AD brain.

Best practice for wound repair and regeneration use of cellular, acellular and matrix-like products (CAMPs).

There are currently over 80 biomaterials derived from autologous, allogeneic, synthetic and xenogeneic sources, or a combination of any or all these types of materials, available for soft-tissue coverage to effect wound closure. Often generically referred to as cellular and/or tissue-based products (CTPs), they are manufactured under various trade names and marketed for a variety of indications.

Medially based hallux interphalangeal joint arthroplasty in the management of hallux ulceration: surgical technique and result in six consecutive cases.

Introduction: Plantar hallux wounds are common in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Several techniques, both surgical and nonsurgical, are designed to offload plantar wounds. However, controversy exists regarding which techniques are superior in terms of efficacy, safety, and longevity.

Variability of Spatiotemporal Gait Kinematics During Treadmill Walking: Is There a Hawthorne Effect?

Spatiotemporal gait kinematics and their variability are commonly assessed in clinical and laboratory settings to quantify fall risk. Although the Hawthorne effect, or modifications in participant behavior due to knowledge of being observed, has the potential to impact such assessments, it has received minimal attention in the study of gait-particularly gait variability. The purpose of this study was to quantify the Hawthorne effect on variability and central tendency measures of fall-related spatiotemporal gait parameters.

Validation of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score for Use in Infracalcaneal Heel Pain.

There is growing interest in adopting validated and reliable patient-reported outcome measures following surgery. While the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) has previously been validated for use in multiple foot/ankle conditions, it has not yet been validated in patients with infracalcaneal heel pain. In this study we aimed to validate the FAOS by looking at 4 psychometric properties of the survey: construct validity, content validity, reliability, and responsiveness, using patients in our practice with a clinical diagnosis of plantar fasciitis.

Nitro Capsaicin Suppressed Microglial Activation and TNF-α-Induced Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Damage.

Chronically activated microglia and brain vascular damage are major causes of neuroinflammation. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of nitro capsaicin, a newly modified capsaicin with less irritating characteristics, against microglial activation and brain microvascular endothelial cell damage. Using the SIMA9 microglia cell line, we found that nitro capsaicin reduced nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-activated microglia better than its parent compound, capsaicin.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Panduratin A against LPS-Induced Microglial Activation.

Uncontrolled and excessive microglial activation is known to contribute to inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration. Therefore, reducing neurotoxic microglial activation may serve as a new approach to preventing neurodegeneration. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of panduratin A against microglial activation induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the SIMA9 microglial cell line.