Proposal of the Implementation Theory Selection Model and exemplar application in fall injury prevention.

Introduction: The use of theories, models and/or frameworks (TMFs) in implementation research and practice is essential for developing useful and testable implementation strategies. Recommendations and tools exist to aid implementation groups in selecting TMFs, but they do not explicitly outline a systematic method for identifying and selecting TMFs. This paper aimed to (1) propose a systematic consensus-based method to select TMFs to support implementation processes, and to (2) demonstrate the use of this novel method in the context of researching the implementation of hip protectors for fracture prevention in long-term care (LTC).

Frailty Screening in Primary Care-Based Memory Clinics: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Findings.

We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of frailty screening using handgrip strength with gait speed measures within four primary care-based memory clinics in Ontario. This mixed methods quality improvement initiative examined the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of frailty screening from the perspective of patients ( = 216), care partners ( = 142), and healthcare providers ( = 9). Frailty screening was well-received by patients and care partners and perceived as quick and easy to administer and integrate into assessment processes by healthcare providers at all four memory clinics.

Multidirectional blood flow in the femoral artery via vector flow imaging: Doppler ultrasound imaging insights.

The accuracy of femoral artery blood flow measurements via Doppler ultrasound hinges on assumptions of laminar flow upstream of the femoral bifurcation. Existing scanning guidelines recommend a minimum proximity to the flow divider of 2-3 cm for avoiding multidirectional blood flow yet lack experimental evidence to support this recommendation. This study aimed to determine the minimum distance required to avoid multidirectional flow contamination near the femoral bifurcation and to assess the reliability of vector flow imaging (VFI) in these measurements.

Exploring subjective quality-of-life indicators in long-term care facilities: a mixed-methods research protocol.

Introduction: Improving quality of life has become a priority in the long-term care (LTC) sector internationally. With development and implementation guidance, standardised quality-of-life monitoring tools based on valid, self-report surveys could be used more effectively to benefit LTC residents, families and organisations. This research will explore the potential for subjective quality-of-life indicators in the interRAI Self-Reported Quality of Life Survey for Long-Term Care Facilities (QoL-LTCF).

Standing middle cerebral artery velocity predicts cognitive function and gait speed in older adults with cognitive impairment, and is impacted by sex differences.

Upright posture challenges the cerebrovascular system, leading to changes in middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) dynamics which are less evident at supine rest. Chronic alterations in MCAv have been linked to hypoperfusion states and the effect that this may have on cognition remains unclear. This study aimed to determine if MCAv and oscillatory metrics of MCAv (ex.

An innovative approach to recruiting participants for dementia research: primary care and researcher perspectives.

To describe clinician and researcher perceptions of a new, patient preference focused approach to recruiting patients for research from primary care-based memory clinics. Memory clinic clinicians completed a survey and key informants completed an individual interview to gather their perceptions of this new program. The majority of clinicians were 'satisfied' or 'very satisfied' with this recruitment approach and indicated that this approach would have minimal negative impact on patient care or create conflict of interest.

Functional Decline in Long-Term Care Homes in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-based Longitudinal Study in Five Canadian Provinces.

Objective: We aimed to examine whether functional decline accelerated during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March to June 2020) for persons in long-term care facilities (LTCs) in Canada compared with the pre-pandemic period.

Design: We conducted a population-based longitudinal study of persons receiving care in LTC homes in 5 Canadian provinces before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Setting And Participants: Residents in 1326 LTC homes within the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland & Labrador, and Ontario between January 31, 2019, and June 30, 2020, with activities of daily living Hierarchy scale less than 6 and so, who still have potential for decline (6 being the worst of the 0-6 scale).

Impact of 14 Days of Bed Rest in Older Adults and an Exercise Countermeasure on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Cardiovascular Function: Canadian Space Agency Standard Measures.

Introduction: Head-down bed rest (HDBR) has long been used as an analog to microgravity, and it also enables studying the changes occurring with aging. Exercise is the most effective countermeasure for the deleterious effects of inactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an exercise countermeasure in healthy older participants on attenuating musculoskeletal deconditioning, cardiovascular fitness level, and muscle strength during 14 days of HDBR as part of the standard measures of the Canadian Space Agency.

Strength-training and balance activities in Canada: historical trends and current prevalence.

Introduction: Muscle-strengthening and balance activities are associated with the prevention of illness and injury. Age-specific Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines include recommendations for muscle/bone-strengthening and balance activities. From 2000-2014, the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) included a module that assessed frequency in 22 physical activities.

Ultrasound assessments of organs and blood vessels before and after 40 days isolation in a cavern (deep time experiment 2021).

Spaceflight simulation studies like confinement in small volume habitat with limited physical activity have reported even after 60 days an abnormal arterial wall adaptation with increase thickness or stiffness. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects on blood vessel and organ structure of 40 days of isolation in a huge habitat with intensive physical activity. Data were collected from 14 individuals (7 male) who isolated in a cavern for 40-days while performing normal daily activities without time references.

Frailty prevalence and efficient screening in primary care-based memory clinics.

Background: Little is known about the prevalence of frailty among patients with memory concerns attending a primary care-based memory clinic.

Objective: This study aims to describe the prevalence of frailty among patients attending a primary care-based memory clinic and to determine if prevalence rates differ based on the screening tool that is used.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical record review for all consecutive patients assessed in a primary care-based memory clinic over 8 months.

Exploring participants' perspectives on adverse events due to resistance training: a qualitative study.

The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perspectives of individuals with chronic health conditions who had an adverse event (AE) as a result of resistance training (RT). We conducted web conference or telephone-based one-on-one semi-structured interviews with 12 participants with chronic health conditions who had an AE as a result of RT. Interview data were analyzed using the thematic framework method.

Characterizing Canadian long-term care home consumed foods and their inflammatory potential: a secondary analysis.

Background: Nutrient dense food that supports health is a goal of food service in long-term care (LTC). The objective of this work was to characterize the "healthfulness" of foods in Canadian LTC and inflammatory potential of the LTC diet and how this varied by key covariates. Here, we define foods to have higher "healthfulness" if the are in accordance with the evidence-based 2019 Canada's Food Guide, or with comparatively lower inflammatory potential.

Nutrition risk, physical activity and fibre intake are associated with body composition in OA: analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objective: Sarcopenic obesity is a key feature in osteoarthritis (OA). While ideal OA treatment involves physical activity and diet, how diet influences OA pathophysiology is unclear. We explored the associations between diet, nutrition risk and physical activity with body composition in older adults with OA.

Personal Support Work and Home Care in Ontario during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Governments introduced emergency measures to address the shortage of homecare workers and unmet care needs in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This article aims to describe how policies impacted home care and identifies the potential risks for clientele and staff.

Method: Experts in home care (n = 15) were interviewed about policies that affect health and safety for homecare recipients.

4 days in dry immersion increases arterial wall response to ultrasound wave as measured using radio-frequency signal, comparison with spaceflight data.

Recent studies have reported a significant increase in common carotid artery (CCA) intima media thickness, wall stiffness and reflectivity to ultrasound, in astronauts, after six months of spaceflight. The hypothesis was that 4 days in dry immersion (subjects under bags of water) will be sufficient to change the CCA wall reflectivity to ultrasound similar to what observed after spaceflight. Such response would be quantified using the amplitude of the ultrasound signal returned to the probe by the target concerned.

Predictors of improvement in urinary incontinence in the postacute setting: A Canadian cohort study.

Purpose: To determine factors associated with improvement in urinary incontinence (UI) for long-stay postacute, complex continuing care (CCC) patients.

Design: A retrospective cohort investigation of patients in a CCC setting using data obtained from the Canadian Institute for Health Information's Continuing Care Reporting System collected with interRAI Minimum Data Set 2.0.

Implementation of exercise countermeasures during spaceflight and microgravity analogue studies: Developing countermeasure protocols for bedrest in older adults (BROA).

Significant progress has been made in the development of countermeasures to attenuate the negative consequences of prolonged exposure to microgravity on astronauts' bodies. Deconditioning of several organ systems during flight includes losses to cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle mass, bone density and strength. Similar deconditioning also occurs during prolonged bedrest; any protracted time immobile or inactive, especially for unwell older adults (e.

Longitudinal assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass of young healthy adults during COVID-19 pandemic.

Physical activity was reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially when lockdowns were mandated; however, little is known about the impact of these lifestyle changes on objective measures of cardiorespiratory fitness. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated the cardiorespiratory fitness of 14 young healthy adults (4 women, age: 27 ± 6 yr) just before the pandemic and after ∼1 yr of public health measures being in place. During fitness assessments, participants performed submaximal pseudorandom cycling exercise to assess cardiorespiratory kinetics, and a 25 W·min ramp-incremental cycling test to determine peak oxygen uptake (V̇o).

Changes in Urinary Continence After Admission to a Complex Care Setting: A Multistate Transition Model.

Objectives: To examine changes in urinary continence for post-acute, Complex Continuing Care hospital patients from time of admission to short-term follow-up, either in hospital or after discharge to long-term care or home with services.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of patients in Complex Continuing Care hospitals using clinical data collected with interRAI Minimum Data Set 2.0 and interRAI Resident Assessment Instrument Home Care.

A large, curated, open-source stroke neuroimaging dataset to improve lesion segmentation algorithms.

Accurate lesion segmentation is critical in stroke rehabilitation research for the quantification of lesion burden and accurate image processing. Current automated lesion segmentation methods for T1-weighted (T1w) MRIs, commonly used in stroke research, lack accuracy and reliability. Manual segmentation remains the gold standard, but it is time-consuming, subjective, and requires neuroanatomical expertise.

Researchers' perspectives on adverse event reporting in resistance training trials: a qualitative study.

The objectives of our study were to understand researchers' current practices and perspectives on adverse event (AE) reporting in clinical trials of resistance training (RT) and to identify barriers and facilitators of AE reporting. We conducted web conference or telephone-based one-on-one semistructured interviews with 14 researchers who have published RT studies. We audio-recorded and transcribed the interviews and analyzed the data using the thematic framework method.

Recruitment of participants for dementia research: interprofessional perspectives from primary care-based memory clinics.

To understand clinician attitudes and the barriers that impede research recruitment from specialized primary care-based memory clinics. Clinicians completed a survey on attitudes and barriers to research recruitment from memory clinics. Comfort and willingness to recruit for research were low to moderate and were lower for drug trials than for observational and non-drug trials.