Synthesis and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Novel Coumarin Peptide Alcohol Derivatives.

Background: Coumarins are naturally occurring biologically active heterocyclic molecules endowed with a wide range of biological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities.

Objective: The present work was aimed to synthesize new coumarin-containing compounds and to investigate their cytotoxic activity.

Methods: Coumarin peptide and coumarin amino alcohols were prepared by treating epoxidecontaining coumarin derivatives with suitable aromatic amines and peptides in trifluoroethanol as a solvent at 50°C.

Phase transformation in tungsten oxide nanoplates as a function of post-annealing temperature and its electrochemical influence on energy storage.

The morphology and crystal structure of electrode materials have an enormous impact on their electrochemical properties for employment in supercapacitors for various applications. In this study, the transformations of the crystal structure of WO·HO nanoplates were conducted by post-annealing at 200 °C and 400 °C. The morphological and structural evolution of the electrodes was studied FEG-SEM, HRTEM, FTIR, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy.

Uncovering the origin of enhanced field emission properties of rGO-MnO heterostructures: a synergistic experimental and computational investigation.

The unique structural merits of heterostructured nanomaterials including the electronic interaction, interfacial bonding and synergistic effects make them attractive for fabricating highly efficient optoelectronic devices. Herein, we report the synthesis of MnO nanorods and a rGO/MnO nano-heterostructure using low-cost hydrothermal and modified Hummers' methods, respectively. Detailed characterization and confirmation of the structural and morphological properties are done X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).

Comparative study of uranium and thorium metal ion adsorption by gum ghatti grafted poly(acrylamide) copolymer composites.

Uranium and thorium ions were selectively removed from aqueous solution using synthesized gum ghatti grafted poly(acrylamide) gum--poly(AAm) composite. A gamma radiation induced free radical copolymerization technique was used to synthesize the copolymer composite of gum--poly(AAm). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize the graft copolymer gum--poly(AAm).

N-Enriched carbon nanofibers for high energy density supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries.

Nitrogen enriched carbon nanofibers have been obtained by one-step carbonization/activation of PAN-based nanofibers with various concentrations of melamine at 800 °C under a N atmosphere. As synthesised carbon nanofibers were directly used as electrodes for symmetric supercapacitors. The obtained PAN-MEL fibers with 5% melamine stabilised at 280 °C and carbonized at 800 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere showed excellent electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of up to 166 F g at a current density of 1A g using 6 M KOH electrolyte and a capacity retention of 109.

Development of pristine and Au-decorated BiO/BiWO nanocomposites for supercapacitor electrodes.

Pristine and Au-decorated BiO/BiWO nanocomposites were synthesized a facile hydrothermal method. Characterization techniques such as XRD, FESEM, HRTEM and XPS were used to explore the structural, morphological and electronic properties. Furthermore, electrochemical characterizations including cyclic voltammetry (CV), the galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) method, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed to investigate the supercapacitance behaviour of the synthesized materials.

Ruthenium-decorated vanadium pentoxide for room temperature ammonia sensing.

Layer structured vanadium pentoxide (VO) microparticles were synthesized hydrothermally and successfully decorated by a facile wet chemical route, with ∼10-20 nm sized ruthenium nanoparticles. Both VO and ruthenium nanoparticle decorated VO (1%Ru@VO) were investigated for their suitability as resistive gas sensors. It was found that the 1%Ru@VO sample showed very high selectivity and sensitivity towards ammonia vapors.

Does the National Rural Health Mission improve the health of tribal women? Perspectives of husbands in Maharashtra, India.

Objectives: This study examined the health status of tribal women and, in particular, their maternal health. This study also explored the utilization of the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme, the tribal motherhood scheme and the human development scheme among pregnant women. The performance of accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers was also investigated.

Nanostructured WO/graphene composites for sensing NO at room temperature.

WO has emerged as an outstanding nanomaterial composite for gas sensing applications. In this paper, we report the synthesis of WO using two different capping agents, namely, oxalic acid and citric acid, along with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The effect of capping agent on the morphology of WO material was investigated and presented.

Evaluating Ylehd, a recombinant epoxide hydrolase from as a potential biocatalyst for the resolution of benzyl glycidyl ether.

Glycidyl ethers and their vicinal diols are important building blocks in the organic synthesis of anti-cancer and anti-obesity drugs. Ylehd, an epoxide hydrolase from tropical marine yeast , was explored for its enantioselective properties by kinetic, thermodynamic and studies. Kinetic resolution of racemic phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) yielded ()-epoxide while for benzyl glycidyl ether (BGE) ()-epoxide was obtained, with vicinal diols of the opposite configuration.

Molecular modeling studies and screening of dihydrorugosaflavonoid and its derivatives against .

Novel drug regimens against tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed and may be developed by targeting essential enzymes of Mtb that sustain the pathogenicity of tuberculosis. In the present investigation, series of compounds (5a-f and 6a-f) based on a naturally occurring rugosaflavonoid moiety were evaluated by molecular modeling studies against β-ketoacyl-ACP reductase (MabA) (PDB ID: IUZN) and pantothenate kinase (PanK) (PDB ID: 3AF3). Compounds 5a, 5c, 5d, and 6c, which had docking scores of -8.

Agro-Industrial Wastes for Production of Biosurfactant by ANR 88 and Its Application in Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles.

Biosurfactants, surface-active amphiphilic compounds, despite having a wide range of applications, have a high cost of production, which severely restricts their use. For cheaper production of biosurfactant, we investigated the potential of the indigenously isolated biosurfactant producing organism, ANR 88, to grow on different cheap carbon sources (molasses, whey, and extracts of potato peels, orange peels, banana peels, and bagasse). We found that, ANR 88 used significant amounts of total sugar to produce cell biomass and biosurfactant.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Altered Expression of Memory and Neurotransmission Associated Genes in the REM Sleep Deprived Rat Brain.

Sleep disorders are associated with cognitive impairment. Selective rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) deprivation (REMSD) alters several physiological processes and behaviors. By employing NGS platform we carried out transcriptomic analysis in brain samples of control rats and those exposed to REMSD.

Gut Microbial Diversity Assessment of Indian Type-2-Diabetics Reveals Alterations in Eubacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.

Diabetes in India has distinct genetic, nutritional, developmental and socio-economic aspects; owing to the fact that changes in gut microbiota are associated with diabetes, we employed semiconductor-based sequencing to characterize gut microbiota of diabetic subjects from this region. We suggest consolidated dysbiosis of eubacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic components in the gut microbiota of newly diagnosed (New-DMs) and long-standing diabetic subjects (Known-DMs) compared to healthy subjects (NGTs). Increased abundance of phylum Firmicutes ( = 0.

MicroRNAs As Potential Targets for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants.

The microRNAs (miRNAs) are small (20-24 nt) sized, non-coding, single stranded riboregulator RNAs abundant in higher organisms. Recent findings have established that plants assign miRNAs as critical post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in sequence-specific manner to respond to numerous abiotic stresses they face during their growth cycle. These small RNAs regulate gene expression via translational inhibition.

Development of a Brief Multicultural Version of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMDbrief) Questionnaire.

Unlabelled: The Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMD) questionnaire (Chóliz, 2012) evaluates the main features of mobile phone dependence: tolerance, abstinence syndrome, impaired impulse control, associated problems, excessive use, etc.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a multicultural version of the TMD (TMDbrief) adapted to suit the novel communication tools of smartphones.

Procedure: In this study, the TMD was completed by 2,028 young respondents in six distinct world regions: Southern Europe, Northwest Europe, South-America, Mesoamerica, Pakistan, and India.

Molecular Characterization and Meta-Analysis of Gut Microbial Communities Illustrate Enrichment of Prevotella and Megasphaera in Indian Subjects.

The gut microbiome has varied impact on the wellbeing of humans. It is influenced by different factors such as age, dietary habits, socio-economic status, geographic location, and genetic makeup of individuals. For devising microbiome-based therapies, it is crucial to identify population specific features of the gut microbiome.

Mycobacterial tlyA gene product is localized to the cell-wall without signal sequence.

The mycobacterial tlyA gene product, Rv1694 (MtbTlyA), has been annotated as "hemolysin" which was re-annotated as 2'-O rRNA methyl transferase. In order to function as a hemolysin, it must reach the extracellular milieu with the help of signal sequence(s) and/or transmembrane segment(s). However, the MtbTlyA neither has classical signals sequences that signify general/Sec/Tat pathways nor transmembrane segments.

Cost effective technologies and renewable substrates for biosurfactants' production.

Diverse types of microbial surface active amphiphilic molecules are produced by a range of microbial communities. The extraordinary properties of biosurfactant/bioemulsifier (BS/BE) as surface active products allows them to have key roles in various field of applications such as bioremediation, biodegradation, enhanced oil recovery, pharmaceutics, food processing among many others. This leads to a vast number of potential applications of these BS/BE in different industrial sectors.