A quasi affine transformation evolution algorithm with evolution matrix selection operation for parameter estimation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

Electrochemical energy conversion technologies include proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) where proton interchange is an alternative to diesel distributed generation, and PEMFCs are considered as a promising backup power source and a tool to regulate power consumption. Some of the major benefits of these PEMFCs especially in power system applications include low emission of carbon, fast load following capability, no noise and high start-up reliability. It is challenging to find the best PEMFC parameters because the model is complex and the problem is nonlinear; not all optimization algorithms can solve this problem.

Gut microbiome-derived metabolites and their impact on gene regulatory networks in gestational diabetes.

This study explored the therapeutic potential of gut microbiota metabolites in managing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamics simulations, we identified key targets and pathways involved in GDM. We screened 135 gut-derived metabolites, with 8 meeting drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic criteria.

Bifunctional hierarchical WO nanorods@Br-doped g-CN Z-scheme heterojunctions for efficient tetracycline photodegradation: Optimization of key parameters, toxicological assessment, and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.

In this study, graphitic carbon nitride (CN) and tungsten trioxide (WO) were successfully incorporated into bromine (Br)-doped graphitic carbon nitride (BCN) using an in-situ hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic efficiency of the resulting WO/Br-doped CN (WBCN) composites for the removal of tetracycline (TC) antibiotics under sunlight irradiation was evaluated. The mass ratio of WO to Br-doped CN (BCN) significantly influenced TC adsorption and photocatalytic degradation, with an optimal ratio of 9:1.

Carbon-based nanozymes for cancer therapy and diagnosis: A review.

Carbon-based nanozymes (CNs) have emerged as a significant innovation in targeted cancer therapy, demonstrating great potential for advancing cancer diagnosis and treatment. With exceptional catalytic properties, remarkable biocompatibility, and the ability to precisely target cancer cells, CNs provide a promising avenue for the development of novel oncological therapies. By functionalizing their surfaces with targeting ligands, such as antibodies or peptides, CNs can specifically recognize and bind to cancer cells.

Microplastic pollution in the marine environment: Distribution factors and mitigation strategies in different oceans.

As the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020, plastic usage spiked, and microplastic (MP) generation has increased dramatically. It is documented that MP can transfer from the source to the ocean environment where they accumulate as the destination. Therefore, it is essential to understand their transferring pathways and effective environmental factors to determine the distribution of MPs in the marine environment.

A Comparative Assessment of Clinical Outcomes Using Cyanoacrylate Glue versus Subcuticular Sutures in Cosmetic Procedures at a Tertiary Care Center: Evaluation Based on the Southampton Scoring System.

Introduction Cosmetic surgery has advanced significantly, with wound closure techniques crucial for determining aesthetic and healing outcomes. Recently, cyanoacrylate glue and subcuticular sutures have gained attention for their unique benefits in cosmetic procedures. Cyanoacrylate glue, a non-invasive tissue adhesive, facilitates faster wound closure with minimal trauma, while subcuticular sutures offer durable, concealed closures, particularly suited for areas under mechanical stress.

Advanced control parameter optimization in DC motors and liquid level systems.

In recent times, there has been notable progress in control systems across various industrial domains, necessitating effective management of dynamic systems for optimal functionality. A crucial research focus has emerged in optimizing control parameters to augment controller performance. Among the plethora of optimization algorithms, the mountain gazelle optimizer (MGO) stands out for its capacity to emulate the agile movements and behavioral strategies observed in mountain gazelles.

Beyond the Hayflick limit: How microbes influence cellular aging.

Cellular senescence, a complex biological process resulting in permanent cell-cycle arrest, is central to aging and age-related diseases. A key concept in understanding cellular senescence is the Hayflick Limit, which refers to the limited capacity of normal human cells to divide, after which they become senescent. Senescent cells (SC) accumulate with age, releasing pro-inflammatory and tissue-remodeling factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

Reproductive toxicity of perfluorobutane sulfonate in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Impacts on oxidative stress, hormone disruption and HPGL axis dysregulation.

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals extensively used in consumer products. Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), a short-chain PFAS, has been introduced as an alternative to long-chain PFAS, but limited studies have investigated its reproductive toxicity in fish. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to PFBS at concentrations of 0.

Exploring the separation, characterization and antioxidant activity of proteins and peptides from selected seagrasses in Palk Bay region of Tamil Nadu in India.

In this study, five seagrass species Halodule uninervis, Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea serrulata, and Syringodium isoetifolium collected from the Mandapam coastal region of Rameswaram (Palk Bay region), Tamil Nadu, India, were selected to identify the antioxidant-rich proteins/peptides. The primary objective was to identify the proteins/peptides present in these seagrass filtrates extracted by using four different pH-based buffer extracts and to assess their antioxidant activity. Among the various buffer extracts, 0.

Signature of collagen alpha-1(x) gene expression in human cancers and their therapeutic implications.

Cancers are a class of disorders that entail uncontrollably unwanted cell development with dissemination. One in six fatalities globally is attributed to cancer, a global health issue. The analysis of the entire DNA sequence and how it expresses itself in tumor cells is known as cancer genomics.

Microwave welding with SiCNW/PMMA nanocomposite thin films: enhanced joint strength and performance.

Most previously reported susceptors for microwave welding are in powder form. In this study, a thin-film susceptor was employed due to its uniform heating rate and ease of handling. Silicon carbide nanowhisker (SiCNW) were incorporated into a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix to create a nanocomposite thin film, which served as the susceptor.

Assessing Artificial Intelligence in Oral Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review.

Background: With the use of machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a viable diagnostic and treatment tool for oral cancer. AI can assess a variety of information, including histopathology slides and intraoral pictures.

Aim: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of AI technology in the detection and diagnosis of oral cancer between 2020 and 2024.

Historical Pathways Highlighting Misgivings and Misinterpretations in the Processes of Tooth Absorption & Resorption.

Historically the physiological or pathological loss of tooth structure in situ was deemed to be due to the 'absorption' of tooth structure due to the removal of the inorganic components of dentin and cementum by osteoclastic (dentinoclastic) cellular activity. This nomenclature and the activity that it represented was considered by almost all dental researchers and clinicians in the 1800s and early 1900s. The shift to the concept of 'resorption' occurred in the first half of the 20th century, with clarity emanating from significant research activity on the pathology of osseous structures, origin of osteoclastic cell types, and the function of periodontal ligament cells.

Exploring the link between sex hormone-binding globulin levels and prostate cancer risk: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) plays a critical role in regulating androgen bioavailability and has been hypothesized to influence prostate cancer risk, though existing evidence is inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between SHBG levels and prostate cancer risk.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published up to December 1, 2024.

Fluorescent N-Doped Carbon Dots as a Biocompatible Sensor for Thiophanate-Methyl Detection.

An eco-friendly nitrogen-passivated carbon dot (N-CDs)-based fluorescent sensor was designed for the selective and sensitive detection of thiophanate-methyl, a widely applied fungicide in agriculture. The synthesized N-CDs exhibited robust fluorescence and remarkable photostability, which contributed to the sensor's performance. Notably, the sensor achieved a detection limit as low as 4.

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Analysis of Bioactive Compound Extract from Nelumbo nucifera against Cancer Proteins: In Silico Spectroscopic Approach.

Nelumbo nucifera, an aquatic crop cultivated throughout Asian countries, belongs to the Nelumbonaceae family and has been widely used in traditional medicines with key pharmacological activities such as anti-viral, antipyretic, antioxidant, anti-steroid, anti-inflammatory, anti-arrhythmia, anti-obesity, and anti-aging properties. The present study aims to explore and assess the phytochemical composition, GC-MS profiling, antioxidant efficacy, and the major phytoconstituent phytol subjected to theoretical spectroscopic characterization using the DFT method. The phytochemical profiling of N.

Integrating machine learning and structural dynamics to explore B-cell lymphoma-2 inhibitors for chronic lymphocytic leukemia therapy.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignancy caused by the overexpression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), making it a critical therapeutic target. This study integrates computational screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics to identify and validate novel BCL-2 inhibitors from the ChEMBL database. Starting with 836 BCL-2 inhibitors, we performed ADME and Lipinski's Rule of Five (RO5) filtering, clustering, maximum common substructure (MCS) analysis, and machine learning models (Random Forest, SVM, and ANN), yielding a refined set of 124 compounds.

Comparison of the role of vitamin D in normal organs and those affected by COVID-19.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has opened up new avenues for exploring the importance of vitamin D in immunity, in addition to its role in calcium absorption. Recently, vitamin D supplementation has been found to enhance T regulatory lymphocytes, which are reduced in individuals with COVID-19. Increased risk of pneumonia and increases in inflammatory cytokines have been reported to be major threats associated with vitamin-D deficiency.

Thaumaturgical Distraction as a Modality for Reducing Dental Anxiety in Children: A Systematic Review.

Background: Dental fear and anxiety have become a major obstacle for children to accept dental treatment. Dental anxiety ranks fifth among common fears.

Aim: The aim of this current systematic review is to assess the effect of thaumaturgical distraction in reducing anxiety in children undergoing dental procedures.