Life Cycle Economic and Environmental Assessment for Emerging Heavy-Duty Truck Powertrain Technologies in China: A Comparative Study of Battery Electric, Fuel Cell Electric, and Hydrogen Combustion Engine Trucks.

Amid ambitious net-zero goals and growing demands for freight logistics, addressing the climate challenges posed by the heavy-duty truck (HDT) sector is an urgent and pivotal task. This study develops an integrated HDT model by incorporating vehicle dynamic simulation and life cycle analysis to quantify energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and total cost of ownership associated with three emerging powertrain technologies in various truck use scenarios in China, including battery electric, fuel cell electric, and hydrogen combustion engine trucks. The results reveal varying levels of economic suitability for these powertrain alternatives depending on required driving ranges and duty cycles: the battery electric for regional-haul applications, the hydrogen fuel cell for longer-haul and low-load driving conditions, and the hydrogen combustion engine to meet high power requirements.

Optimization of HIV drugs through MCDM technique Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).

Topological indices are crucial tools for predicting the physicochemical and biological features of different drugs. They are numerical values obtained from the structure of chemical molecules. These indices, particularly the degree-based TIs are a useful tools for evaluating the connection between a compound's structure and its attributes.

Development and laboratory evaluation of a novel IoT-based electric-driven metering system for high precision garlic planter.

In order to address many issues, such as the inconsistent and unreliable seeding process in traditional mechanical garlic seed metering systems (SMS), as well as the lack of ability to monitor the effectiveness of the seeding, a highly accurate electric-driven metering system (EDMS) was developed and created specifically for garlic seed planters. This study provided a description of the overall structure and functioning principle, as well as an analysis of the mechanism for smooth transit and delivery. A combination of an infrared (IR) sensor, Arduino Mega board, stepper motor, speed sensor, and a Wi-Fi module was employed to operate the EDMS, as well as monitor and count the quantity of garlic seeds during the planting process and determine the qualified rate (QR) and missing rate (MR).

Economic impact and clinical benefits of clinical pharmacy interventions: A six-year multi-center study using an innovative medication management tool.

Background: Increasing healthcare costs, particularly in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) like Egypt, highlight the need for rational economic strategies. Clinical pharmacy interventions offer potential benefits by reducing drug therapy problems and associated costs, thereby supporting healthcare system sustainability.

Objective: This study evaluates the economic impact and clinical benefits of clinical pharmacy interventions in four tertiary hospitals in Egypt by implementing an innovative tool for medication management, focusing on cost avoidance and return on investment (ROI), while accounting for case severity and drug therapy problem (DTP) resolution.

Evaluating and upgrading the performance of a bridge network structure with Rayleigh distribution lifetimes.

In this work, bridge network model with Rayleigh distribution lifetimes is used. Two main techniques are calculated to upgrade this model: reduction and redundancy techniques. In order to compare the effectiveness of the various approaches, the survival function, the mean time to failure and gamma-fractiles for the original and upgraded model are calculated.

Inherent differential microbial assemblages and functions associated with corals exhibiting different thermal phenotypes.

Certain coral individuals exhibit enhanced resistance to thermal bleaching, yet the specific microbial assemblages and their roles in these phenotypes remain unclear. We compared the microbial communities of thermal bleaching-resistant (TBR) and thermal bleaching-sensitive (TBS) corals using metabarcoding and metagenomics. Our multidomain approach revealed stable distinct microbial compositions between thermal phenotypes.

Evaluating the In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) Against the Adult Stages of Fasciola hepatica.

Background: Fascioliasis represents one of the most significant parasitic and foodborne zoonotic diseases in the world. Resistance to currently deployed human and veterinary flukicides is a growing health problem. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have developed enormous importance in nanomedicine.

Effectiveness of behavioural and psychological interventions for managing obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis framed using minimal important difference estimates based on GRADE guidance to inform a clinical practice guideline.

Objective: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural and psychological interventions for managing paediatric obesity.

Methods: Eligible studies, published between 1985 and 2022, included 0 to 18 year olds with outcomes reported ≥3 months post-baseline, including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), cardiometabolic and anthropometric outcomes, and adverse events (AEs). We pooled data using a random effects model and assessed certainty of evidence (CoE) related to minimally important difference estimates for outcomes using GRADE.

Highly Sensitive Spectrofluorimetric and Colorimetric Quantitation of Neomycin Using Nanosilver-Fluorescein Hybrid: A Comprehensive Assessment of Greenness and Blueness.

Two versatile yet simple methods, colorimetric and spectrofluorimetric, were utilized for the quantitation of nonchromophore neomycin using silver nanoparticles modified with fluorescein. Fluorescein was excited at 485 nm (emission at 515 nm); when it is deposited on the surface of silver nanoparticles, its fluorescence intensity at 515 nm is quenched. Neomycin restores the fluorescence level at 515 nm by displacing fluorescein from nanoparticle binding sites.

Zeatin Elicits Premature Erythrocyte Senescence Through Calcium and Oxidative Stress Mediated by the NOS/PKC/CK1α Signaling Axis.

Cytokinins are plant hormones that regulate cell growth and differentiation. In particular, zeatin (ZTN) delays cellular senescence of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes and exhibits anticancer activity. Chemotherapy-induced anemia is a major side effect of anticancer therapy secondary to premature senescence of red blood cells (RBCs).

Is Topical Tranexamic Acid Effective in Reducing Hematoma and Seroma in Breast Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative fluid-related complications, such as hematoma and seroma formation, are common concerns in breast surgery, adversely affecting surgical outcomes and patient recovery. Topical tranexamic acid (TXA) has emerged as a promising intervention to minimize bleeding while reducing systemic adverse effects linked to intravenous administration. However, evidence on the efficacy of topical TXA in breast surgery remains sparse.

Unveiling the physicochemical, photocatalytic, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of MWCNT-modified AgO/CuO/ZnO nanocomposites.

Water pollution, oxidative stress and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains are significant global threats that require urgent attention to protect human health. Nanocomposites that combine multiple metal oxides with carbon-based materials have garnered significant attention due to their synergistic physicochemical properties and versatile applications in both environmental and biomedical fields. In this context, the present study was aimed at synthesizing a ternary metal-oxide nanocomposite consisting of silver oxide, copper oxide, and zinc oxide (ACZ-NC), along with a multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified ternary metal-oxide nanocomposite (MWCNTs@ACZ-NC).

Fabrication of high-density vertical CNT arrays using thin porous alumina template for biosensing applications.

This paper explores the process of forming arrays of vertically oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) localized on metal electrodes using thin porous anodic alumina (PAA) on a solid substrate. On a silicon substrate, a titanium film served as the electrode layer, and an aluminium film served as the base layer in the initial film structure. A PAA template was formed from the Al film using two-step electrochemical anodizing.

Design, synthesis, and studies of new quinazolinones tagged thiophene, thienopyrimidine, and thienopyridine scaffolds as antiproliferative agents with potential p38α MAPK kinase inhibitory effects.

The current work focuses on the creation of novel derivatives of the quinazolinone ring system, with various substituted thiophene, thienopyrimidine, and thienopyridine scaffolds 3a,b-11. Employing the standard MTT assay, every target compound's antiproliferative efficacy was evaluated in comparison with doxorubicin against both normal WI-38 cells and various cancer cell lines. Derivatives 6, 8a, and 8b demonstrated the most potent activity, alongside their safety profiles against WI-38.

Synthesis and modification of novel thiazole-fused quinoxalines as new insecticidal agents against the cotton leafworm : design, characterization, bio-evaluation, toxicological effectiveness, and study their mode of action.

Herein, novel thiazolo[4,5-]quinoxalin-2-ones 2-6 and thiazolo[4,5-]quinoxalin-2(3)-imines 7-9 were synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and H/C NMR to confirm their structures. The efficacy of the newly designed thiazolo-quinoxalines 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9 against the cotton leafworm (2nd and 4th instar larvae) was evaluated, and results revealed insecticidal activity with variable and good mortality percentages. A SAR study was also discussed.

Exploring potential key genes and pathways associatedwith hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis through bioinformatics analysis, followed by experimental validation.

Background: Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) is a prevalent and aggressive liver cancer with limited therapeutic options. Identifying key genes involved in LIHC can enhance our understanding of its molecular mechanisms and aid in the development of targeted therapies. This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key hub genes in LIHC using bioinformatics approaches and experimental validation.

Detection of genomic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 across gastric cancer patients using next generation sequencing.

Objectives: To explore the landscape of BRCA1/2 mutations in gastric cancer patients.

Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS), Sanger sequencing, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Immunohistochemistry, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), gnomAD, and DAVID.

Results: With 95% of bases boasting a phred score surpassing 30 and a minimum coverage depth of 500X, our NGS approach ensures high-quality data acquisition.

Influences of Cultural Factors on Vaccination Practices Among Parents Prior to School Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Understanding the cultural influences on parents in Saudi Arabia regarding adherence to childhood vaccination programs is crucial for the health and safety of the whole society. This study aims to explore the impact of cultural factors on parents' attitudes toward vaccinating children before school age. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on cross-sectional and interventional studies.

Non-adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Interventions: Insights From a Comprehensive Case Series Review.

Adhering to established guidelines, regional anesthesia (RA) and pain interventions are essential for preventing or minimizing the risk of complications. This study examines neurological complications that may arise when RA or pain interventions are performed without adherence to the clinical practice guidelines. This article aimed to emphasize the relationship between deviations from standards of care in RA and neurological outcomes.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in a Saudi Female: A Case Report.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, rapidly progressive, and incurable neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions. It is invariably fatal and classified under transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. This case report presents a 66-year-old Saudi female who was admitted to the neurology department due to a rapidly advancing cognitive decline.

Relationship Between Quality of Life, Perceived Stress, and Disease Characteristics in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in Al-Madinah.

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic disease. Perceived stress is one of the risk factors that stimulate UC activity. Long-term clinical suffering negatively alters the health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study From a Tertiary Rehabilitation Center in Saudi Arabia.

Background The safety and adverse effects (AEs) associated with approved COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) require further examination, particularly as there is limited information available for MS patients in Saudi Arabia. This study sought to investigate the reported AEs of COVID-19 vaccines among MS patients admitted to a major rehabilitation center in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted from January 2023 to March 2024 at Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City (SBAHC) in Riyadh.

Characterization of phenolic compounds and evaluation of anti-diabetic potential in L. seeds: and studies.

Moroccan L. seeds were investigated for their phenolic profile and antidiabetic potential. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis revealed a rich phenolic composition, including benzoic acid, cannabisin B, genistein, and epicatechin.

A Saudi Heart Association Position Statement on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus are prominent public health concerns in Saudi Arabia owing to their increasingly high prevalence and burden. Based on this, the Saudi Heart Association (SHA) set out to develop an official position statement on CVD and diabetes mellitus, with a focus on the prevention and management of these conditions and relevant special populations in the context of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of experts met under the auspices of the SHA in a series of meetings to review and discuss available evidence on the prevention and management of comorbid CVD and diabetes mellitus.