Automated ASD detection using hybrid deep lightweight features extracted from EEG signals.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a common group of conditions affecting about one in 54 children. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from children with autism have a common morphological pattern which makes them distinguishable from normal EEG. We have used this type of signal to design and implement an automated autism detection model.

Bio-inspired multifunctional collagen/electrospun bioactive glass membranes for bone tissue engineering applications.

Treatment of bone disease and disorders is often challenging due to its complex structure. Each year millions of people needs bone substitution materials with quick recovery from diseases conditions. Synthetic bone substitutes mimicking structural, chemical and biological properties of bone matrix structure will be very obliging and of copious need.

Search Behavior of Individual Foragers Involves Neurotransmitter Systems Characteristic for Social Scouting.

In honey bees search behavior occurs as social and solitary behavior. In the context of foraging, searching for food sources is performed by behavioral specialized foragers, the scouts. When the scouts have found a new food source, they recruit other foragers (recruits).

Diversity and prevalence of ANTAR RNAs across actinobacteria.

Background: Computational approaches are often used to predict regulatory RNAs in bacteria, but their success is limited to RNAs that are highly conserved across phyla, in sequence and structure. The ANTAR regulatory system consists of a family of RNAs (the ANTAR-target RNAs) that selectively recruit ANTAR proteins. This protein-RNA complex together regulates genes at the level of translation or transcriptional elongation.

Tracking Mitochondrial Density and Positioning along a Growing Neuronal Process in Individual Neuron Using a Long-Term Growth and Imaging Microfluidic Device.

The long cellular architecture of neurons requires regulation in part through transport and anchoring events to distribute intracellular organelles. During development, cellular and subcellular events such as organelle additions and their recruitment at specific sites on the growing axons occur over different time scales and often show interanimal variability thus making it difficult to identify specific phenomena in population averages. To measure the variability in subcellular events such as organelle positions, we developed a microfluidic device to feed and immobilize for high-resolution imaging over several days.

Artemisinin combination therapy fails even in the absence of Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 gene polymorphism in Central India.

Artemisinin is the frontline fast-acting anti-malarial against P. falciparum. Emergence and spread of resistant parasite in eastern-India poses a threat to national malaria control programs.

Discovery of a body-wide photosensory array that matures in an adult-like animal and mediates eye-brain-independent movement and arousal.

The ability to respond to light has profoundly shaped life. Animals with eyes overwhelmingly rely on their visual circuits for mediating light-induced coordinated movements. Building on previously reported behaviors, we report the discovery of an organized, eye-independent (extraocular), body-wide photosensory framework that allows even a head-removed animal to move like an intact animal.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Antimicrobial Activities by Polyaniline-Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot Nanocomposite.

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (N@CDs) were prepared by hydrothermal processing of bovine serum albumin (Mw: 69,324 with 607 amino acids). A polyaniline (PANI-N@CDs) nanocomposite was then synthesized by ultrasonication and used to degrade Congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB), and crystal violet (CV) four common organic dyes. The PANI-N@CD nanocomposite simultaneously adsorbed and concentrated the dye from the bulk solution and degraded the adsorbed dye, resulting in a high rate of dye degradation.

MicroRNA-432-5p regulates sprouting and intussusceptive angiogenesis in osteosarcoma microenvironment by targeting PDGFB.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of bone tumor conferred with high metastatic potential. Attainable growth of tumors necessitates functional vasculature mediated by sprouting angiogenesis (SA) and intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA). However, the regulation of IA and SA is still unclear in OS.

Advances in host-based screening for compounds with intracellular anti-mycobacterial activity.

Intracellular pathogens interact with host systems in intimate ways to sustain a pathogenic lifestyle. Consequently, these interactions can potentially be targets of host-directed interventions against infectious diseases. In case of tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), while effective anti-tubercular compounds are available, the long treatment duration and emerging drug resistance necessitate identification of new class of molecules with anti-TB activity, as well as new treatment strategies.

Purkinje Neurons with Loss of STIM1 Exhibit Age-Dependent Changes in Gene Expression and Synaptic Components.

The stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is an ER-Ca sensor and an essential component of ER-Ca store operated Ca entry. Loss of STIM1 affects metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1)-mediated synaptic transmission, neuronal Ca homeostasis, and intrinsic plasticity in Purkinje neurons (PNs). Long-term changes of intracellular Ca signaling in PNs led to neurodegenerative conditions, as evident in individuals with mutations of the ER-Ca channel, the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor.

Histological and Immunohistochemical Examination of Stem Cell Proliferation and Reepithelialization in the Wounded Skin.

The skin is the largest organ that protects our body from the external environment and it is constantly exposed to pathogenic insults and injury. Repair of damage to this organ is carried out by a complex process involving three overlapping phases of inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Histological analysis of wounded skin is a convenient approach to examine broad alterations in tissue architecture and investigate cells in their indigenous microenvironment.

Mechanical instability of adherens junctions overrides intrinsic quiescence of hair follicle stem cells.

Vinculin, a mechanotransducer associated with both adherens junctions (AJs) and focal adhesions (FAs), plays a central role in force transmission through cell-cell and cell-substratum contacts. We generated the conditional knockout (cKO) of vinculin in murine skin that results in the loss of bulge stem cell (BuSC) quiescence and promotes continual cycling of the hair follicles. Surprisingly, we find that the AJs in vinculin cKO cells are mechanically weak and impaired in force generation despite increased junctional expression of E-cadherin and α-catenin.

nMAT3 is an essential maturase splicing factor required for holo-complex I biogenesis and embryo development in Arabidopsis thaliana plants.

Group-II introns are self-splicing mobile genetic elements consisting of catalytic intron-RNA and its related intron-encoded splicing maturase protein cofactor. Group-II sequences are particularly plentiful within the mitochondria of land plants, where they reside within many critical gene loci. During evolution, the plant organellar introns have degenerated, such as they lack regions that are are required for splicing, and also lost their evolutionary related maturase proteins.

Bioactive Zinc(II) complex incorporated PCL/gelatin electrospun nanofiber enhanced bone tissue regeneration.

Bone tissue regeneration is augmented by biocompatible nanofiber scaffolds, that supports reliable and enhanced bone formation. Zinc is an essential mineral that is vital for routine skeletal growth and it emerges to be able to improve bone regeneration. Phytochemicals, particularly flavonoids have achieved prominent interest for their therapeutic ability, they have demonstrated promising effects on bone by encouraging osteoblastogenesis, which finally leads to bone formation.

Computational identification of potential lead molecules targeting rho receptor of .

Gonorrhea, one of the sexually transmitted disease caused by a gram negative diplococcus bacteria . Rho protein is indispensable for bacterial viability due to its versatile functions in physiology apart from RNA dependent transcription termination. Based on conserved function and wider role in several cellular processes, inhibitors specifically targeting Rho proteins are largely in use these days to treat various bacterial infections.

Microtubule motors in centrosome homeostasis: A target for cancer therapy?

Cancer is a grievous concern to human health, owing to a massive heterogeneity in its cause and impact. Dysregulation (numerical, positional and/or structural) of centrosomes is one of the notable factors among those that promote onset and progression of cancers. In a normal dividing cell, a pair of centrosomes forms two poles, thereby governing the formation of a bipolar spindle assembly.

An extended fuzzy decision-making framework using hesitant fuzzy sets for the drug selection to treat the mild symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

The whole world is presently under threat from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a new disease spread by a virus of the corona family, called a novel coronavirus. To date, the cases due to this disease are increasing exponentially, but there is no vaccine of COVID-19 available commercially. However, several antiviral therapies are used to treat the mild symptoms of COVID-19 disease.

Carbon nanomaterials for cardiovascular theranostics: Promises and challenges.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Heart attack and stroke cause irreversible tissue damage. The currently available treatment options are limited to "damage-control" rather than tissue repair.

Fabrication and Analysis of Energy Efficient Low-Cost Wireless Gas Sensor Based on ZnO Thin Films.

Industrialization can be greatly appreciated only by limiting the downside of the proposed technology. In this aeon, the recurrent monitoring of industries is statutory in detecting harmful gases and explosions for the global environment safety. Hence, employing specific gas sensors for detecting malicious gases benefits the welfare of the society.

Fine-Tuning Crystallization-Induced Gelation in Amphiphilic Double-Brush Polymers.

A series of amphiphilic double-brush polymers based on itaconate diesters were synthesized with the objective of tailoring the thermal and mechanical properties of hydrogels formed by them; the amphiphilic itaconate diesters carried an MPEG350 segment and an alkyl chain, whose length was varied from C12 to C18. As was reported by us earlier ( 50, 5004), the formation of the hydrogel was due to the crystallization of alkyl segments, as confirmed by the match of the rheological gel-to-sol transition with that of differential scanning calorimetry melting transition of the gel. In an effort to fine-tune the hydrogel-melting temperature and its strength, we varied the length of the alkyl chain length while keeping the hydrophilic segment length constant at MPEG350; apart from varying the alkyl chain length, an oxyethylene spacer was incorporated to examine the effect of decoupling the alkyl side-chain crystallization from the backbone.

Comprehensive annotation and characterization of planarian tRNA and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs).

tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have recently gained a lot of scientific interest due to their diverse regulatory roles in several cellular processes. However, their function in dynamic biological processes such as development and regeneration remains unexplored. Here, we show that tRFs are dynamically expressed during planarian regeneration, suggesting a possible role for these small RNAs in the regulation of regeneration.

tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs): establishing their turf in post-transcriptional gene regulation.

Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived fragments (tRFs) are an emerging class of conserved small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. High-throughput sequencing of multiple biological samples have identified heterogeneous species of tRFs with distinct functionalities. These small RNAs have garnered a lot of scientific attention due to their ubiquitous expression and versatility in regulating various biological processes.

Ensemble-based high-throughput virtual screening of natural ligands using the Super Natural-II database against cell-wall protein dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (RmlD) in .

The disease Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called (). The bacterial cell-wall consists of peptidoglycan layer maintains the cellular integrity and cell viability. The main problem resides in the cell cycle of in its quiescent form which is not targeted by any drugs hence there is an immediate need for new antibiotics to target the cell wall.