Heterocellular Adhesion in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis: Interactions between Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts.

Cancer invasion is a requisite for the most malignant progression of cancer, that is, metastasis. The mechanisms of cancer invasion were originally studied using in vitro cell culture systems, in which cancer cells were cultured using artificial extracellular matrices (ECMs). However, conventional culture systems do not precisely recapitulate in vivo cancer invasion because the phenotypes of cancer cells in tumor tissues are strongly affected by the tumor microenvironment (TME).

The spectrum of TP53 mutations in Rwandan patients with gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer is the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer and third in causing cancer-related death globally. The most frequently mutated gene in human cancers is TP53, which plays a pivotal role in cancer initiation and progression. In Africa, particularly in Rwanda, data on TP53 mutations are lacking.

Metagenomic analyses of 7000 to 5500 years old coprolites excavated from the Torihama shell-mound site in the Japanese archipelago.

Coprolites contain various kinds of ancient DNAs derived from gut micro-organisms, viruses, and foods, which can help to determine the gut environment of ancient peoples. Their genomic information should be helpful in elucidating the interaction between hosts and microbes for thousands of years, as well as characterizing the dietary behaviors of ancient people. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing on four coprolites excavated from the Torihama shell-mound site in the Japanese archipelago.

A small molecule iCDM-34 identified by in silico screening suppresses HBV DNA through activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor.

IFN-alpha have been reported to suppress hepatitis B virus (HBV) cccDNA via APOBEC3 cytidine deaminase activity through interferon signaling. To develop a novel anti-HBV drug for a functional cure, we performed in silico screening of the binding compounds fitting the steric structure of the IFN-alpha-binding pocket in IFNAR2. We identified 37 compounds and named them in silico cccDNA modulator (iCDM)-1-37.

SLFN11 is a BRCA Independent Biomarker for the Response to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer and Clear Cell Ovarian Carcinoma.

BRCA1/2 mutations are robust biomarkers for platinum-based chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancers. However, BRCA1/2 mutations in clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCC) are less frequent compared with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). The discovery of biomarkers that can be applied to CCC is an unmet need in chemotherapy.

TP53 mutations in Romanian patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been ranked as the second most deadly cancer and the third most diagnosed cancer cases for the year 2020. Specifically for Romania, the number of CRC-related deaths in 2019 was estimated at 6307 people, with a standardized mortality rate of 33.8 per 100,000 inhabitants.

Improvement in Quality of Life Following Celiprolol Hydrochloride Administration in a Patient with Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report.

A 40-year-old female, who underwent transcatheter arterial embolization due to acute bleeding from an iliolumbar artery, was subsequently genetically diagnosed with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. She experienced chronic anemia for many years due to the easy bruising of her whole body. The bruising improved with oral administration of celiprolol hydrochloride.

Evaluation of the widths of the mucosal strips in pathological examination of specimens of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment for early gastric cancer in Japan. Pathological evaluation of ESD specimens is considered essential to determine if additional gastrectomy is necessary. Usually, specimens resected by ESD are sliced into 2-3 mm wide sections, and each section is examined for depth of tumor and lymphovascular invasion.

Efficient Endocytosis of the Human Lactoferrin N-Lobe Enhances Its Antiproliferative Activity against Human Cancer Cells.

Human lactoferrin (hLF) is a glycosylated globular iron-binding protein with high functional versatility that elicits anticancer, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some of the diverse functions of hLF are induced after its internalization into various cells via cell surface endocytosis receptors, such as proteoglycans, which contain glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. We have previously demonstrated that an hLF derivative comprising the N-terminal half of hLF (referred to as the N-lobe) is internalized by intestinal enterocyte Caco-2 cells.

GC-MS analysis of exhaled gas for fine detection of inflammatory diseases.

Exhaled gas analysis is a non-invasive test ideal for continuous monitoring of biological metabolic information. We analyzed the exhaled gas of patients with inflammatory diseases for trace gas components that could serve as biomarkers that enable early detection of inflammatory diseases and assessment of treatment efficacy. Furthermore, we examined the clinical potential of this method.

Modification of Grocott's staining procedure with heat treatment and oxidation by periodic acid for mucormycosis in tissue: a method to detect spp.

The sensitivity of the Grocott-modified Gomori's methenamine-silver nitrate technique for the detection of fungi is sometimes low, especially for spp. We modified the Grocott technique by replacing chromic acid with periodic acid in the oxidation step. The use of periodic acid instead of chromic acid enhanced the detectability of spp.

[Insulin-derived amyloidosis (insulin ball) and skin-related complications of insulin therapy].

Skin-related complications of insulin therapy have long been a problem as a factor interfering with insulin therapy. Among the traditional skin-related complications, lipoatrophy and insulin allergy have decreased markedly with the development of insulin preparations, but lipohypertrophy is still common in insulin-treated patients. Recently, there have been more reports of a skin-related complication called insulin-derived amyloidosis or insulin ball.

The incidence of all organ malignancies and overall survival of patient with sustained virological response of HCV-comparable to SMR (standardized mortality ratio) of Japan general population.

Objective: This study prospectively observed the incidence of all malignancies and the prognosis of all patients in a population of patients who achieved Sustained Virological Response (SVR) with a 100% capture rate.

Design: A prospective study of 651 SVR cases was conducted from July 2013 to December 2021. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of all malignancies, and the secondary endpoint was overall survival.

Non-CpG sites preference in G:C > A:T transition of TP53 in gastric cancer of Eastern Europe (Poland, Romania and Hungary) compared to East Asian countries (China and Japan).

Aim: Mutation spectrum of TP53 in gastric cancer (GC) has been investigated world-widely, but a comparison of mutation spectrum among GCs from various regions in the world are still sparsely documented. In order to identify the difference of TP53 mutation spectrum in GCs in Eastern Europe and in East Asia, we sequenced TP53 in GCs from Eastern Europe, Lujiang (China), and Yokohama, Kanagawa (Japan) and identified the feature of TP53 mutations of GC in these regions.

Subjects And Method: In total, 689 tissue samples of GC were analyzed: 288 samples from East European populations (25 from Hungary, 71 from Poland and 192 from Romania), 268 from Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan and 133 from Lujiang, Anhui province, China.