A report of a novel approach for the management of paediatric mandibular fracture using a prefabricated adaptable surgical splint.

Paediatric facial fractures are relatively rare. The inherent elasticity of the bones with more of the cartilage than that of the mineralised bone accounts for this. The principles involved in the management of facial fractures are the same irrespective of the age of the patient; however, in children, the techniques used are necessarily modified by certain anatomical, physiological, psychological and feeding factors related to childhood and the parents.

Prevalence of congenitally missing upper lateral incisors in an orthodontic adolescent population.

Objective: To determine the frequency of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors (LIs) and to find out its variability in relation to gender.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was carried out between January 2017 and December 2017. Orthopantomographs (OPGs) and lateral cephalographs record search of all orthodontic adolescent patients aged 12 to 18 years were taken from the archival records of the department.

Craniofacial morphology of HIV-infected adolescents undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART): An original research.

Objectives: To analyze the craniofacial morphology in child patients and adolescents by evaluating the skeletal cephalometric profile of the HIV infected patients in this age group and comparing them with the HIV-negative controls.

Materials And Methods: The present study was a planned case-control study which included 25 HIV-positive adolescent patients aged between 10 and 18 years (the study group) who were compared with 25 age- and sex-matched HIV-negative adolescent controls (the control group). All the patients had been HIV infected via a vertical transmission with positive serology confirmed in two different tests and had been kept on HAART since they were born.

CD4 Cell Counts, Lipid Profile, and Oral Manifestations in HIV-Infected and AIDS Patients.

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate CD4 cell counts, lipid profile, and oral manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and their correlation with seronegative controls.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional, hospital-based study, there were three groups of subjects: group A consisting of 500 healthy patients (controls), group B composed of 500 HIV-infected patients, and group C comprised of 500 AIDS patients based on their CD4 cell counts. CD4 cell counts were assessed using the CyFlow counter.

Pulp Stones as Risk Predictors for Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Studies indicate that patients with CAD show higher degree of pulp calcifications. Localized pulp calcifications are microscopically apparent in more than half of the teeth in young adolescents.

Condylar Fractures: Surgical Versus Conservative Management.

Background And Objectives: Condylar fractures can be treated with one of the two methods, including the conservative (closed reduction and immobilization) and/or surgical (open reduction and internal fixation) methods. Both these modalities of treatment have their indications and contraindications and merits and demerits. The present study was designed with the purpose of comparing the outcomes of surgical versus conservative management of moderately displaced subcondylar and condylar neck fractures.

Multiple impacted permanent teeth, an indicator for early detection of hypoparathyroidism: A rare case report.

Eruption is a process of continuous movement of the developing tooth bud from its developmental location to functional location. Teeth that cease to erupt before emergence to their functional position in the oral cavity are termed as impactions. In permanent dentition, third molars are the most frequently impacted teeth followed by the canines.

CD4 cell counts and oral manifestations in HIV infected and AIDS patients.

Context: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an acronym for AIDS caused by a retrovirus known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which breaks down the body's immune system leaving a patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders or unusual malignancies. According to estimates by the World Health Organization and UNAIDS, 35 million people were living with HIV globally at the end of 2013. The first AIDS case in India was detected in 1986.

Wound Healing and Bone Regeneration in Postextraction Sockets with and without Platelet-rich Fibrin.

Context And Aim: In today's world of advanced dentistry, there are various aspects of restorative, esthetic, and surgical processes. Healing of an extraction socket comprises of bone as well as soft-tissue remodeling with maximum dimensional changes occurring during the first 3 months. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was first developed in France as a therapeutic alternative to platelet-rich plasma to overcome many of its limitations.

KAI-1 and p53 expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas: Markers of significance in future diagnostics and possibly therapeutics.

Context: KAI-1/CD82 is a tumor suppressor gene with decreased gene expression being associated with increased invasive ability of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). p53 protein functions in the G1-S phase of the cell cycle to allow repair of damaged DNA. In the present study, p53 and KAI-1 expression was investigated using monoclonal antibodies in OSCC.

Colposcopy in pre-malignant lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma: Linking threads of clinical, histopathological and colposcopic inferences.

Context: The single most important factor that is known to improve the end result of head and neck cancer is the early diagnosis of these cancers while they are still localized and can be treated with a high probability of cure. Early diagnosis of cancer plays a lifesaving pivotal role in overall management. The technique of colposcopy enables evaluation of changes in surface topography and vascular patterns of the lining mucosa thus, aiding in selecting the most appropriate site of biopsy ruling out the possibility of taking biopsy from the most representative area supposed to reveal epithelial dysplasia.

Color Doppler-ultrasonography in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Making ultrasonography more meaningful.

Background: Although color Doppler ultrasonography (CD-USG) is useful in the diagnosis of various diseases of the head and neck, flow signals in the malignant oral tumors are less studied. This study aimed to study the usefulness of CD-USG in mapping OSCC of buccal mucosa, tongue, and lip.

Materials And Methods: This was a case-control study, conducted among 60 subjects aged 20-70 years.

Comparative Evaluation of Clinical, Hematological and Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Smokers and Non-Smokers with Chronic Periodontitis.

Context: Systemic conditions, especially chronic infections, have a direct impact on the general health and well-being of an individual. Similarly, the long-standing inflammatory changes seen during periodontitis have been associated with the altered diabetic control, preterm, low birth weight infants, and cardiovascular disease. Being a low-grade infection, the signs may not be as severe as seen in other systemic conditions, but they definitely cannot be ignored.