Spontaneous Intramural Duodenal Hematoma: A Rare Complication of Pancreatitis.

Intramural duodenal hematoma is an uncommon entity, usually associated with trauma. Spontaneous intramural duodenal hematoma is an even more rare phenomenon reported in patients with anticoagulation therapy, gastrointestinal endoscopy procedure or coagulopathy. We report a case of spontaneous intramural duodenal hematoma in a 30-year-old male as a pancreatitis complication, very few cases have been known in the past and still a lot is to be discovered about this rare hematoma associated with pancreatitis.

Hirayama's Disease in a Young Male: A Rare Case Report.

Hirayama disease is a rare neurological condition also known as monomelic amyotrophy (MMA). It is a type of cervical myelopathy, which involves the anterior horn cells and affects the distal upper extremities. It is self-limited, asymmetrical lower motor weakness of hands and forearms.

Effects and association of pro-oxidants with magnesium in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common microvascular complication observed in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, magnesium (Mg) deficiency is a common problem in diabetic patients. In this study, we estimated the levels of Mg, which is an important trace element and pro-oxidant marker, and then evaluated the association between serum Mg and pro-oxidants in patients with DN.

Design, In Silico Modelling, and Functionality Theory of Novel Folate Receptor Targeted Rutin Encapsulated Folic Acid Conjugated Keratin Nanoparticles for Effective Cancer Treatment.

Objective: Site-specific and toxic-free drug delivery, is an interesting area of research. Nanoengineered drug delivery systems possess a remarkable potential for effective treatment of various types of cancers.

Methods: In this study, novel Folic Acid (FA) conjugated keratin nanoparticles (NPs) were assembled with encapsulation and delivery of Rutin (Rt) into breast cancer cells through the overexpressed folate receptor.

Modeling a pH-sensitive Zein--acrylic acid hybrid hydrogels loaded 5-fluorouracil and rutin for enhanced anticancer efficacy by oral delivery.

The combination of natural and synthetic polymeric materials grafted hydrogels offer great potential as oral therapeutic systems because of its intrinsic biocompatibility, biodegradability, protect labile drugs from metabolism and controlled release properties. Hence, in the present study, we aimed to prepare and optimize oral delivered pH-responsive Zein--acrylic acid hydrogels incorporated with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and rutin (Ru) for effective anticancer activity with less toxicity. In this study, graft polymerization technique is adopted to formulate hydrogels with various ratios of Zein, acrylic acid, , -methylene bisacrylamide, and ammonium persulphate as an initiator.

Burn first aid knowledge and its determinants among general population of Rawalpindi.

Objective: To assess the general knowledge and practices related to burn first aid treatment (BFAT) and to examine age, gender, socioeconomic status, education and previous history of exposure to burn (self/family member) as factors influencing burn first aid knowledge among the general population of Rawalpindi.

Study Design: A cross-sectional, descriptive survey.

Place And Duration Of Study: Three major tertiary care hospitals of Rawalpindi, from August 2017 to May 2018.

Association of Dyslipidemia, Increased Insulin Resistance, and Serum CA 15-3 with Increased Risk of Breast Cancer in Urban Areas of North and Central India.

Objective: This study aims to determine the association of dyslipidemia and increased insulin resistance (IR) with increased breast cancer (BC) risk.

Materials And Methods: The study group comprised 110 premenopausal and 143 postmenopausal, untreated female BC patients in the age range of 29-72 years. Control group consisted of 117 premenopausal and 141 postmenopausal healthy females in the age range of 23-75.

Portsmouth physiological and operative severity score for the Enumeration of Mortality and morbidity scoring system in general surgical practice and identifying risk factors for poor outcome.

Background: Estimation of the outcome is paramount in disease stratification and subsequent management in severely ill surgical patients. Risk scoring helps us quantify the prospects of adverse outcome in a patient. Portsmouth-Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity (P-POSSUM) the world over has proved itself as a worthy scoring system and the present study was done to evaluate the feasibility of P-POSSUM as a risk scoring system as a tool in efficacious prediction of mortality and morbidity in our demographic profile.

Role of Anatomic variations of Uncinate Process in Frontal Sinusitis.

The osteomeatal complex plays an important role in the development of Chronic rhinosinusitis. The ethmoidal infundibulum is bordered medially by the uncinate process, and the anatomic relationship between the ethmoidal infundibulum and the frontal recess may depend upon the types of attachment of the uncinate process. The osteomeatal complex is the main area targeted in chronic rhinosinusitis and within it uncinate process is the first anatomical structure encountered.

On the Horizon: The Future of Procedural Sedation.

Sedation plays an integral part in endoscopy. By achieving patient comfort, it allows for a better examination and enhances patient satisfaction. Various medications have been used, propofol being the current favorite.

Celiac disease: Managing a multisystem disorder.

Celiac disease is a multisystem autoimmune disorder that can cause symptoms involving the gastrointestinal tract and other organ systems such as the skin and bones. This paper reviews the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of celiac disease and associated diseases.

Parathyroidectomy Ameliorates Glucose and Blood Pressure Control in a Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism, Type 2 Diabetes, and Hypertension.

Effect of parathyroidectomy on glucose control and hypertension is controversial. Here, we report a case of a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension in whom parathyroidectomy ameliorated both glucose control and blood pressure. Once high serum calcium levels were noticed, ultrasonography of neck confirmed a well-defined oval hypoechoic mass posterior to the right lobe of the thyroid, confirmed by scintiscan.

Paragonimus westermani infection in lung: A confounding diagnostic entity.

Paragonimiasis is a food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by the genus Paragonimus. Fresh water snails, crabs, and crayfish are the first and second intermediate hosts, respectively. Humans acquire this infection by ingesting uncooked/undercooked crustaceans.

Efficacy of short-term Yoga therapy program on quality of life in patients with psychosomatic ailments.

Objective: The aim was to study the effect of short-term Yoga therapy program on quality of life in patients suffering from psychosomatic ailments.

Methods: Sample size and Study period: All the subjects coming to SVYASA AROGYADHAMA in month of July 2011 for Yoga therapy for various psychosomatic ailments and were free of any primary psychiatric illness and volunteering to participate were enrolled in the study after taking informed consent. Their physical condition was healthy enough to practice Yoga as judged clinically.

Virilizing ovarian fibrothecoma with minor sex cord elements in a 13 year old girl: a rare case.

Fibrothecoma accounts for 3-4% of all ovarian neoplasms; it is usually hormonally inactive, but can be estrogenic or sometimes androgenic (11%); it is rare under 30 years. In a very few cases, minor sex cord elements (less than 10% of the tumor area) are present; therefore, it is considered as a separate subgroup of stromal tumors. The importance of immunohistochemistry in recognizing this kind of tumor has been fully documented, with variable results on inhibin staining, but specific positivity for calretenin in such cases.

The Prevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections in ABO Blood Groups and Rh Type System.

Screening of blood and blood products is important to reduce the risk of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs). The transfusion of unscreened or inadequately screened blood and blood products are the major source of TTIs. The aim of this paper is to find out the prevalence of TTIs in ABO blood groups and Rh type system.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of pilomatrixoma: A short series of three cases.

Pilomatrixoma (PMX) (pilomatricoma, calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe) is a benign tumor with differentiation toward the hair matrix cells and is common in head and neck region. It is most commonly seen in the first two decades of life and presents as a subcutaneous, small, asymptomatic firm solitary nodule. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been described as an important preoperative diagnostic investigation though on cytology the diagnosis of PMX is sometimes difficult and misdiagnosed.

Correlation of CK5 and EGFR with Clinicopathological Profile of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Purpose. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the loss of expression of ER, PR, and Her2neu expressions. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of the EGFR, CK5, and Ki-67 among triple-negative breast cancer cases and to correlate the expression of the basal markers with the clinicopathological prognostic parameters.

Histopathological study of placentae in low birth weight babies in India.

Background: The antenatal health-care given to pregnant women has great influence on the rates of perinatal death and morbidity. Amongst the different causes of perinatal mortality, low birth weight (LBW) is the single most significant factor therefore placenta from all the LBW babies (LBWB) should be examined routinely to find out the likely cause.

Aims: The aims of this study were to assess the pathological changes in the placenta in association with LBWB.

A prospective study of soft tissue tumors histocytopathology correlation.

Background. Soft tissue tumors are defined as nonepithelial extraskeletal tissue of the body exclusive of the reticuloendothelial system, glia, and supporting tissue of various parenchymal organs. The absence of recognizable tissue architectural patterns in cytological preparation makes diagnosis by FNAC more difficult.

Correlation of fine needle aspiration cytology findings with thyroid function test in cases of lymphocytic thyroiditis.

Background. Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is the second most common thyroid lesion diagnosed on FNAC after goiter. FNAC is reliable tool in the diagnosis of thyroid lesion.

Diagnosis of a Nonpalpable Intraductal Papilloma without Radiological Abnormality by Nipple Discharge Smear Examination: A Case Report.

Nipple discharge is the third most common breast complaint after breast pain and breast mass, most commonly associated with endocrine alterations and/or medications, pregnancy, lactation, post lactation, fibrocystic disease, intraductal papilloma, duct ectasia, nipple adenoma, infection, chronic mastitis, subareolar abscess, and least frequently, breast carcinoma. Cytological examination of nipple discharge (ND) is a noninvasive method of diagnosing the underlying breast pathology. We report a 46 year old female, who presented with pain and blood-mixed ND from the right breast with an impalpable mass.