The Ratio of Oxygen Uptake From Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold to Respiratory Compensation Point Is Maintained During Incremental Exercise in Older Adults.

Introduction: The period from ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) to respiratory compensation point (RCP) during incremental exercise (isocapnic buffering phase) has been associated with exercise tolerance and skeletal muscle composition. However, several reports compare younger and older healthy adults, and specific age-related changes are unclear. This study aimed to examine the oxygen uptake (VO) from VAT to RCP and its change over time in younger and older healthy adults.

Gas exchange threshold to guide exercise training intensity of older individuals during cardiac rehabilitation.

The gas exchange threshold (GET), which is determined during incremental exercise (Inc-Ex) testing, is often considered a safe training intensity for cardiac rehabilitation. However, there are only a limited number of reports on the actual implementation of this method. We assessed the applicability of GET-guided exercise using a constant load exercise (CL-Ex) protocol.

Blood pressure-lowering effect of repeated Waon therapy in non-smokers with hypertension.

Waon therapy (WT) has been used as a thermal therapy in chronic heart failure patients. However, its effect in patients with hypertension is unclear. This study aimed to reveal the hypotensive effect of WT in patients with hypertension.

Cardiovascular reactions for whole-body thermal therapy with a hot pack and Waon therapy.

Waon therapy (WT) is the predominant thermal therapy for chronic heart failure in Japan, involving use of a far-infrared dry sauna. As sauna therapy requires certain equipment not readily available in hospitals, we tested the use of whole-body hot pack thermal therapy (HPTT). We compared the magnitude of skin vasodilation post-HPTT with that post-WT.

New method for the mathematical derivation of the ventilatory anaerobic threshold: a retrospective study.

Background: Ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) is a useful submaximal measure of exercise tolerance; however, it must be visually determined. We developed a new mathematical method to objectively determine VAT.

Methods: We employed two retrospective population data sets (A/B).

Visceral adipose tissue area measurement at a single level: can it represent visceral adipose tissue volume?

Objective: Measurement of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) needs to be accurate and sensitive to change for risk monitoring. The purpose of this study is to determine the CT slice location where VAT area can best reflect changes in VAT volume and body weight.

Methods: 60 plain abdominal CT images from 30 males [mean age (range) 51 (41-68) years, mean body weight (range) 71.

Employment-related difficulties and distressed living condition in patients with hepatitis B virus: A qualitative and quantitative study.

Background: In Japan, an estimated 400,000 people have the hepatitis B virus (HBV), many of whom were infected as a result of group vaccinations. People with HBV face many challenges, including disease progression, employment-related difficulties, and increased medical expenses. The relationship between HBV victims' daily life suffering and poverty associated with HBV-related employment changes has not been examined.

[A case report of a common bile duct stone formed from a fish bone].

A 79-year-old woman was admitted for investigation of epigastric pain and jaundice. Abdominal computed tomography showed a common bile duct stone with a needle-like calcification. Endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed, and the stone was extracted from the common bile duct.

Very Early Lactate Threshold in Healthy Young Men as Related to Oxygen Uptake Kinetics.

We assessed the correspondence between the V-slope ventilatory threshold (VT) and the lactate threshold (LT) by using a distinctive slow submaximal ramp protocol to ensure that sufficient data points exist around the threshold. Twenty healthy young men participated. A submaximal test based on a prior maximal test (25 watt/min, medium ramp) was performed with an individual slow-ramp protocol (6-17 watt/min, slow ramp), in which the time to reach the VT workload was estimated to be 10 minutes.

Modeling chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection during antiviral therapy using an analogy to enzyme kinetics: long-term viral dynamics without rebound and oscillation.

The basic model for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection during therapy enables us to analyze short-term viral kinetics. However, the model is not useful for analyzing long-term viral kinetics. Here, I suggest a new model that was obtained by introducing Michaelis-Menten kinetics into the basic model.

Novel mathematical models for cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays without applying enzyme kinetics but with combinations and probability: bystanders in bulk effector cells influence results of cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays.

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays are widely implemented to evaluate cell-mediated cytotoxic activity, and some assays are analyzed using the analogy of enzyme kinetics. In the analogy, the effector cell is regarded as the enzyme, the target cell as the substrate, the effector cell-target cell conjugate as the enzyme-substrate complex and the dead target cell as the product. However, the assumptions analogous to those of enzyme kinetics are not always true in cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays, and the parameter analogous to the Michaelis-Menten constant is not constant but is dependent on the number of effector cells.