Laparoscopic surgical treatment for hydrocele of canal of Nuck: A case report and literature review.

Background: Hydrocele of canal of Nuck (HCN) is a rare disease in adult female. The diagnosis and treatment of HCN is still a challenge for surgeons.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old female presented with recent onset of occasional pain during exercise and an asymptomatic left groin swelling.

Incidence and Impact of Dysglycemia in Patients with Sepsis Under Moderate Glycemic Control.

Glycemic control strategies for sepsis have changed significantly over the last decade, but their impact on dysglycemia and its associated outcomes has been poorly understood. In addition, there is controversy regarding the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia in sepsis. To evaluate the incidence and risks of dysglycemia under current strategy, we conducted a preplanned subanalysis of the sepsis cohort in a prospective, multicenter FORECAST study.

Hyperoxemia during resuscitation of trauma patients and increased intensive care unit length of stay: inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis.

Background: Information on hyperoxemia among patients with trauma has been limited, other than traumatic brain injuries. This study aimed to elucidate whether hyperoxemia during resuscitation of patients with trauma was associated with unfavorable outcomes.

Methods: A post hoc analysis of a prospective observational study was carried out at 39 tertiary hospitals in 2016-2018 in adult patients with trauma and injury severity score (ISS) of > 15.

Serine/Threonine Kinase 11 Plays a Canonical Role in Malignant Progression of KRAS -Mutant and GNAS -Wild-Type Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas.

Objective: We aimed to elucidate the clinicopathobiological significance of Serine/Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11) in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs).

Background: STK11 is a tumor suppressor involved in certain IPMNs; however, its significance is not well known.

Methods: In 184 IPMNs without Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, we analyzed expression of STK11 and phosphorylated-AMPKa in all cases, and p16, p53, SMAD4, and β-catenin in 140 cases by immunohistochemistry; and we analyzed mutations in 37 genes, including whole coding exons of STK11, CDKN2A, TP53, and SMAD4, and hotspots of KRAS, BRAF, and GNAS in 64 cases by targeted sequencing.

The feasibility of circulating tumor DNA analysis as a marker of recurrence in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poorer prognosis than other breast cancer subtypes; therefore, identifying markers of early recurrence is important. The present study aimed to establish a liquid biopsy protocol for droplet digital PCR-based detection of frequently mutated genes in patients with TNBC. Tumor DNA from 36 patients with TNBC who relapsed within 2 years after surgical resection was retrospectively analyzed.

Pathways for the development of multiple epithelial types of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas.

Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas is categorized into four distinct types: the gastric, intestinal, pancreatobiliary, and oncocytic. Each type is associated with specific clinicopathological features. We aimed to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these types of IPMN.

Prognostic significance of skeletal muscle decrease in unresectable pancreatic cancer: Survival analysis using the Weibull exponential distribution model.

Background/objectives: Decrease in skeletal muscle mass and function is associated with a poor prognosis following surgical resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAs). This study evaluated whether skeletal muscle mass decrease affects PDA outcomes.

Methods: Data of 112 patients with advanced and unresectable PDA who underwent chemotherapy in a single institution were retrospectively analyzed.

Monitoring epidermal growth factor receptor C797S mutation in Japanese non-small cell lung cancer patients with serial cell-free DNA evaluation using digital droplet PCR.

Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) that is effective in treating both naïve and T790M-mutated EGFR-TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer patients. The EGFR C797S mutation is the major osimertinib resistance mechanism. The present study monitored the EGFR C797S mutation during osimertinib treatment in Japanese patients using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).

Quick sequential organ failure assessment versus systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria for emergency department patients with suspected infection.

Previous studies have shown inconsistent prognostic accuracy for mortality with both quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria. We aimed to validate the accuracy of qSOFA and the SIRS criteria for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with suspected infection in the emergency department. A prospective study was conducted including participants with suspected infection who were hospitalised or died in 34 emergency departments in Japan.

Biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stents vs durable polymer everolimus-eluting stents in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis of individual patient data from 5 randomized trials.

Background: Newest generation drug-eluting stents combine biodegradable polymers with ultrathin stent platforms in order to minimize vessel injury and inflammatory response. Evidence from randomized controlled trials suggested that differences in stent design translate into differences in clinical outcome. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrathin strut, biodegradable polymer sirolimus eluting stents (BP SES) compared with thin strut, durable polymer everolimus-eluting stents (DP EES) among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Laparoscopic assisted hydrocelectomy of the canal of Nuck: a case report.

Background: Accurate diagnosis and complete resection of hydrocele of canal of Nuck (HCN) is still a challenge for surgeons.

Case Presentation: A 28-year-old woman presented with a suspected inguinal hernia due to swelling in her right groin and was introduced for surgical treatment. Computed tomography scan revealed local cyst formation in the right groin and eliminated intestinal incarceration.

Intravascular Lithotripsy for Vessel Preparation in Severely Calcified Coronary Arteries Prior to Stent Placement - Primary Outcomes From the Japanese Disrupt CAD IV Study.

Background: Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) delivers acoustic pressure waves to modify calcium, enhance vessel compliance and optimize stent deployment. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of IVL treatment of de novo stenoses involving severely calcified coronary vessels in a Japanese population.

Methods and results: Disrupt CAD IV (NCT04151628) was a prospective, multicenter study designed for Japanese regulatory approval of coronary IVL (SWM-1234).

A multicenter phase II trial of preoperative chemoradiotherapy with S-1 plus oxaliplatin and bevacizumab for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background: We clarified the safety and efficacy of preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer using a multidrug regimen (S-1 + oxaliplatin + bevacizumab).

Methods: This multicenter phase II trial involved 47 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. All patients received S-1 orally (80 mg/m/day on days 1-5, 8-12, 15-19, and 22-26) and infusions of oxaliplatin (50 mg/m on days 1, 8, 15, and 22) and bevacizumab (5 mg/kg on days 1 and 15).

Effectiveness of administering zinc acetate hydrate to patients with inflammatory bowel disease and zinc deficiency: a retrospective observational two-center study.

Background/aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients frequently have zinc deficiency. IBD patients with zinc deficiency have higher risks of IBD-related hospitalization, complications, and requiring surgery. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of zinc acetate hydrate (ZAH; Nobelzin) in IBD patients with zinc deficiency.

Association between low body mass index and increased 28-day mortality of severe sepsis in Japanese cohorts.

Current research regarding the association between body mass index (BMI) and altered clinical outcomes of sepsis in Asian populations is insufficient. We investigated the association between BMI and clinical outcomes using two Japanese cohorts of severe sepsis (derivation cohort, Chiba University Hospital, n = 614; validation cohort, multicenter cohort, n = 1561). Participants were categorized into the underweight (BMI < 18.

Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm arising in the cystic duct and extending into common bile duct: a case report.

An 83-year-old man without specific symptoms was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment of apparent double primary tumors of the cystic duct and common bile duct. Computed tomography showed contrast-enhanced solid tumors in the cystic duct and common bile duct. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the bile duct tumor was isointense on T1-weighted images and had low intensity on T2-weighted images.

Levels of major and trace metals in the scalp hair of Crohn's disease patients: correlations among transition metals.

Concentrations of 16 metals in the scalp hair of male Crohn's disease (CD) patients (n = 28) were compared to those of male control subjects (n = 25). The majority of patients (n = 20) took an anti-inflammatory agent (mesalazine), and several patients underwent colectomy. A low concentration of serum ferritin was observed in approximately 50% of CD patients due to Fe-deficiency anemia.

Author Correction: The Japanese herbal medicine Hangeshashinto enhances oral keratinocyte migration to facilitate healing of chemotherapy-induced oral ulcerative mucositis.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Surgical Treatment for Crohn's Disease: A Role of Kono-S Anastomosis in the West.

More than 80% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) will require surgical intervention during their lifetime, with high rates of anastomotic recurrence and stenosis necessitating repeat surgery. Current data show that pharmacotherapy has not significantly improved the natural history of postoperative clinical and surgical recurrence of CD. In 2003, antimesenteric hand-sewn functional end-to-end (Kono-S) anastomosis was first performed in Japan.

Evaluation of differences and dosimetric influences of beam models using golden and multi-institutional measured beam datasets in radiation treatment planning systems.

Purpose: The beam model in radiation treatment planning systems (RTPSs) plays a crucial role in determining the accuracy of calculated dose distributions. The purpose of this study was to ascertain differences in beam models and their dosimetric influences when a golden beam dataset (GBD) and multi-institution measured beam datasets (MBDs) are used for beam modeling in RTPSs.

Methods: The MBDs collected from 15 institutions, and the MBDs' beam models, were compared with a GBD, and the GBD's beam model, for Varian TrueBeam linear accelerator.