Comprehensive Non-invasive Versus Invasive Approach to Evaluate Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Heart Transplantation: The CCTA-HTx Study.

Background: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is emerging as a valuable tool for noninvasive surveillance of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) in patients with heart transplant (HTx). We assessed the diagnostic performance of a comprehensive CCTA-based approach compared with the invasive reference, which includes invasive coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasound, and fractional flow reserve, for detecting CAV.

Methods: This was a multicenter prospective study including 37 patients with HTx who underwent CCTA, invasive coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasound, and fractional flow reserve.

Comparative analysis of PFASs concentrations in fur, muscle, and liver of wild roe deer as biomonitoring matrices.

Background: Recently, environmental pollution has become a significant concern for human, animal, and environmental health, fitting within the "One Health" framework. Among the various environmental contaminants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have gathered substantial attention due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and adverse health effects. This study aimed to compare the levels of 12 PFASs in the fur, liver, and muscle of wild roe deer to evaluate the feasibility of using fur as a non-invasive biomonitoring matrix.

Relationship between sodium and diffusion MRI metrics in multiple sclerosis.

Sodium MRI can measure sodium concentrations in people with multiple sclerosis, but the extent to which these alterations reflect metabolic dysfunction in the absence of tissue damage or neuroaxonal loss remains uncertain. Increases in total sodium concentration and extracellular sodium concentration are believed to be indicative of tissue disruption and extracellular space expansion. Conversely, increase in intracellular sodium concentration may represent early and transient responses to neuronal insult, preceding overt tissue damage.

Factors influencing audiologic outcomes in ossiculoplasty for chronic otitis media: a prospective multicentre study.

Objectives: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a prevalent condition affecting auditory function. Ossiculoplasty is a known treatment strategy, but its effectiveness concerning the presence of cholesteatoma has not been extensively studied.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre study involving 153 patients diagnosed with COM without cholesteatoma (ncCOM) and with cholesteatoma (cCOM).

Dissecting Methionine Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide in Proteins: Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Susceptibility Descriptors.

The oxidation of Met residues in proteins is a complex process, where protein-specific structural and dynamical features play a relevant role in determining the reaction kinetics. Aiming to a full-side perspective, we report here a comprehensive characterization of Met oxidation kinetics by hydrogen peroxide in a leptin protein case study. To do that, we estimated the reaction-free energy profile of the Met oxidation via a QM/MM approach, while the kinetics of the formation of the reactive species were calculated using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Effectiveness and tolerability of rimegepant in the acute treatment of migraine: a real-world, prospective, multicentric study (GAINER study).

Background: Rimegepant, a novel oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist, has been recently approved for the acute migraine treatment. While its efficacy was confirmed in randomized clinical trials, no data is available regarding real-life effectiveness and tolerability. GAINER, a prospective, multicentric study, aimed to evaluate rimegepant effectiveness and tolerability in the real-world setting.

Upgrading your best chances: postdiagnosis smoking cessation boosts life expectancy of patients with cancer - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundTobacco use is linked to increased cancer risk, and people who smoke represent a large proportion of newly diagnosed patients with cancer. The fact that smoking cessation at the time of diagnosis can improve the patient's life expectancy is still not broadly understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the survival benefits obtainable by quitting smoking on diagnosis.

IFN-α neutralizing antibodies distinguish LADA from early-onset type 1 diabetes.

Context: Autoantibodies against IFN-α (AAb-IFN-α) might be associated with the less aggressive autoimmunity in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) compared to early-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Objective: To investigate the presence and clinical relevance of the positivity to AAb-IFN-α in people with LADA compared to T1D.

Research Design And Methods: Serum levels of AAb against IFN-α isoforms were measured using a cell-based approach in 41 subjects with LADA and in 90 subjects with T1D.

Isolated Temporomandibular Arthritis as Presentation of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has been increasingly reported, affecting up to 87% of cases. This involvement generally occurs after the diagnosis of JIA has been established; however, in the authors' cases, as in a few others documented in the literature, patients presented with isolated TMJ arthritis as the sole joint involvement. The authors performed a narrative literature review on TMJ involvement in JIA and reported 2 cases that presented with isolated TMJ arthritis as the initial manifestation of JIA.

Prehabilitation approaches for gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a narrative review.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients undergoing surgery are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition, which can significantly impact surgical outcomes. Prehabilitation interventions encompassing nutritional, physical, and psychosocial support have gained attention for their potential to mitigate these risks. However, the efficacy of multidisciplinary prehabilitation programs in this context remains underexplored.

Secure attachment to caregiver prevents adult depressive symptoms in a sex-dependent manner: A translational study.

Although clinically relevant, evidence for a protective effect of early secure attachment against the development of depressive symptoms in adulthood is still inconsistent. This study used a translational approach to overcome this limitation. The analysis of a non-clinical adult population revealed a moderating effect of secure attachment on depressive symptoms in women only.

The wild bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila) of the urban nature reserves of Rome (Italy, Latium): a preliminary survey.

Background: Urbanisation is a global phenomenon responsible for negative processes in natural ecosystems, such as degradation, loss of habitat and fragmentation. Large urban green areas could, however, represent shelter for animal species, promoting biodiversity conservation. Urban green spaces can also provide useful habitats for threatened species.

Squamous cell carcinoma in rare case of Huriez Syndrome: The role of distant flaps.

Context: Huriez syndrome is a rare de rmatological condition characterized by severe sclerotic and atrophic changes in the extremities (hands and feet) and an increased tendency to develop squamous cell carcinomas, with no established gold standard for the surgical treatment of these patients, who are difficult to manage due to the inability to perform reconstructions using local flaps.

Clinical Case: We report the case of a patient with severe Huriez syndrome who had developed SCC in both the hands and foot over time. After multiple surgeries at other centers, all resulting in recurrences, we planned wide excisions followed by reconstruction using distant flaps.

Accelerated long-term forgetting: Design and validation of a neuropsychological tool in healthy subjects and diagnostic accuracy in a group of subjects with severe acquired brain injury.

Objective: Accelerated Long-term Forgetting (ALF) is a phenomenon characterized by abnormal memory forgetting over hours or days, despite normal initial acquisition. Because standardized memory assessments typically test memory retention over delays of up to 30 minutes, ALF may be undetected.

Methods: The first Experiment of the present study was aimed to validate, in a sample of healthy subjects ( = 54, 20 to 79 years old), a long-term verbal and visuospatial memory procedure, using common tests but administered at extended intervals.

Lewinnek zone not "the be-all and end-all" functional planning for acetabular component positioning in total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Proper positioning of a total hip arthroplasty (THA) plays a crucial role in the success and long-term survivorship of the implant. Cup positioning within the Lewinnek Safe Zone (LSZ) does not, however, avoid implant dislocation. Thus, the concept of a functional cup position has been introduced.

Nickel-induced labial angioedema in a pediatric patient with orthodontic braces: a case report.

Background: Angioedema is a condition marked by sudden, intense swelling of the subcutaneous and submucosal tissues, typically associated with hypersensitivity reactions, genetic mutations, or reactions to medications. It can also result from contact with allergens such as nickel, leading to dermatitis.

Case Presentation: A 12-year-old girl presented at our Pediatric Immunology and Allergology service with recurrent labial angioedema for over a year, linked to the consumption of legumes and tomatoes, and following the use of a metal flute.

The fine line between relief and risk: new insights into postoperative delirium.

There is a complex association between postoperative pain and postoperative delirium, which highlights the need for a more balanced approach to pain management that considers various risk factors. We emphasise the importance of comprehensive documentation and standardised monitoring to improve detection and management of postoperative delirium, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes. We advocate for a precision anaesthesia approach, which tailors care to individual patient profiles, as a potential solution to address these challenges.

Beyond Traditional Body Composition Metrics: Load-Capacity Indices Emerge as Predictors of Cardiometabolic Outcomes - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The adaptive and independent interrelationships between different body composition components have been identified as crucial determinants of disease risk. Based on this concept, the load-capacity model of body composition, which utilizes measurements obtained through non-anthropometric techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), was proposed. This model is typically operationalized as the ratio of metabolic load (adipose mass) to metabolic capacity (lean mass).

Phytoremediation of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): Insights on plant uptake, omics analysis, contaminant detection and biomass disposal.

The unique properties of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have driven their pervasive use in different industrial applications, leading to substantial environmental pollution and raising critical concerns about the long-term impacts on ecosystem and human health. To tackle the global challenge of PFAS contamination, there is an urgent need for sustainable and efficient remediation strategies. Phytoremediation has emerged as a promising eco-friendly approach with the potential to mitigate the spread of these persistent contaminants.

Imagine, Discover, Inspire: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society.

Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 (T21) is present in a significant number of children and adults around the world and is associated with cognitive and medical challenges. Through research, the T21 Research Society (T21RS), established in 2014, unites a worldwide community dedicated to understanding the impact of T21 on biological systems and improving the quality of life of people with DS across the lifespan. T21RS hosts an international conference every two years to support collaboration, dissemination, and information sharing for this goal.

The dynamics of higher-order novelties.

Studying how we explore the world in search of novelties is key to understand the mechanisms that can lead to new discoveries. Previous studies analyzed novelties in various exploration processes, defining them as the first appearance of an element. However, novelties can also be generated by combining what is already known.