Congenital heart diseases trends in São Paulo State, Brazil: a national live birth data bank analysis.

Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most common type of birth defects, affecting millions of newborns every year; no prevalence data are available in São Paulo State, Brazil's most populous state. The objective is to identify trends in prevalence and risk factors for CHD in São Paulo State, Brazil.

Methods: We developed a population-based study to estimate the CHD trend of prevalence in recent years, stratified by maternal age and geographical clusters, using all cases of CHD identified by the Live Births Information System (SINASC-Sistema de Informação Sobre Nascidos Vivos) from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2018.

Chitosan in association with osteogenic factors as a cell-homing platform for dentin regeneration: Analysis in a pulp-in-a-chip model.

Objective: In this paper we propose the association of β-glycerophosphate (βGP) and calcium-hydroxide with chitosan (CH) to formulate a porous bioactive scaffold suitable as a cell-homing platform for dentin regeneration.

Methods: Calcium hydroxide and βGP solutions were incorporated into chitosan to modulate scaffold architecture and composition by a phase separation technique. Architecture, chemical composition, and degradability were evaluated, and biological characterizations were performed by the seeding of dental pulp cells (DPCs) onto scaffolds, or by cultivating them in contact with leachable components (extracts), to determine cytocompatibility and odontoblastic differentiation.

Protic Ionic Liquid Cation Alkyl Chain Length Effect on Lysozyme Structure.

Solvents that stabilize protein structures can improve and expand their biochemical applications, particularly with the growing interest in biocatalytic-based processes. Aiming to select novel solvents for protein stabilization, we explored the effect of alkylammonium nitrate protic ionic liquids (PILs)-water mixtures with increasing cation alkyl chain length on lysozyme conformational stability. Four PILs were studied, that is, ethylammonium nitrate (EAN), butylammonium nitrate (BAN), hexylammonium nitrate (HAN), and octylammonium nitrate (OAN).

Catalytic Transformation of Triglycerides to Biodiesel with SiO-SOH and Quaternary Ammonium Salts in Toluene or DMSO.

SiO-SOH, with a surface area of 115 m·g, pore volumes of 0.38 cm·g and 1.32 mmol H/g, was used as a transesterification catalyst.

Pandemic of hunger: The severe nutritional deficiency that kills Yanomami ethnic children.

Chronic malnutrition is the painful reality that Yanomami children face in Brazil's largest Indigenous Land and is pointed out by specialists as one of the results of the federal government's "anti-indigenous policy". The lack, or scarcity, of medical care, together with the lack of environmental inspection, pushes the Yanomami into a desperate scenario. It is estimated that 20,000 illegal miners operate in the territory.

Injectable Multifunctional Drug Delivery System for Hard Tissue Regeneration under Inflammatory Microenvironments.

Engineering multifunctional hydrogel systems capable of amplifying the regenerative capacity of endogenous progenitor cells via localized presentation of therapeutics under tissue inflammation is central to the translation of effective strategies for hard tissue regeneration. Here, we loaded dexamethasone (DEX), a pleotropic drug with anti-inflammatory and mineralizing abilities, into aluminosilicate clay nanotubes (halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs)) to engineer an injectable multifunctional drug delivery system based on photo-cross-linkable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel. In detail, a series of hydrogels based on GelMA formulations containing distinct amounts of DEX-loaded nanotubes was analyzed for physicochemical and mechanical properties and kinetics of DEX release as well as compatibility with mesenchymal stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs).

High maternal mortality rates: Racial, geographic, and socioeconomic disparities in Brazil.

What are the harsh consequences of racism and our country's slavery past in the life of every black woman today? How does the current federal government reinforce the reproduction of structural sexism and racism during a pandemic? Hunger, domestic violence, femicide, informal work, unemployment, and political under-representation are issues that are urgently presented by the need for an anti-racist social transformation. Black women remain vulnerable to social inequalities. And in the pandemic, these inequalities are not only related to its management (contamination, death, and vaccination), but also its economic and social consequences.

Evaluation of tissue in repair with natural latex and / or hyaluronic acid in surgical bone defects.

This study evaluated the bone repair in surgical defects of rats treated with hyaluronic acid (HA) associated or not with Hevea brasiliensis fraction protein (F-1). Bone defect were created in 15 albino Wistar rats divided into 3 groups (n=5): Control group (1) - blood clot; HA group (2) - 0.5% hyaluronic acid; HAF1 group (3) - 0.

Vitamins A and D and Zinc Affect the Leshmanicidal Activity of Canine Spleen Leukocytes.

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a chronic disease caused by , and the limitations of the current treatments have encouraged new alternatives, such as the use of immunomodulatory nutrients. The objective of this study was to determine the serum levels of vitamin A (retinol), vitamin D (25(OH)VD), and zinc (Zn) in dogs with CanL and the effect of in vitro supplementation with the respective active forms ATRA, 1,25(OH)VD, and SZn on spleen leukocyte cultures. Serum retinol, 25(OH)VD, and Zn were determined by HPLC, ELISA, and ICP-MS, respectively.

Domestic violence against Latin American women and female mental health during the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak.

We aimed to discuss the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the VAW scenario and how it affects women's mental health. The short communication from secondary data collected from the official websites of seven countries in Latin America was performed. The sample was non-probabilistic, for convenience.

Artisanal Brazilian Cheeses-History, Marketing, Technological and Microbiological Aspects.

This review focused on the historical, marketing, technological, and microbiological characteristics of artisanal Brazilian cheese. Brazilian cheese production was introduced and developed from the influence of immigrants considering the combination of climate, races of the animals, quality and specificity of milk, technological cheese-making processes and environmental microbiology, among other factors. It resulted in cheese products with specific physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory quality, which represent the heritage and identities of the different Brazilian regions.

Chitosan-Calcium-Simvastatin Scaffold as an Inductive Cell-Free Platform.

The development of biomaterials based on the combination of biopolymers with bioactive compounds to develop delivery systems capable of modulating dentin regeneration mediated by resident cells is the goal of current biology-based strategies for regenerative dentistry. In this article, the bioactive potential of a simvastatin (SV)-releasing chitosan-calcium-hydroxide (CH-Ca) scaffold was assessed. After the incorporation of SV into CH-Ca, characterization of the scaffold was performed.

Polymeric biomaterials maintained the esthetic efficacy and reduced the cytotoxicity of in-office dental bleaching.

Evaluate the kinetics of hydrogen peroxide (H O ) degradation, esthetic efficacy and cytotoxicity of a bleaching gel with 35%H O applied on enamel previously covered or not with polymeric nanofibrillar scaffold (SNan), polymeric primer catalyst (PPol), and both. Standardized enamel/dentin discs (n = 128) obtained from bovine teeth were adapted to pulp chambers. After covering enamel with the polymeric products, the bleaching gel was applied for 45 min, establishing the following groups: G1: no treatment (negative control); G2: 35%H O (positive control); G3: SNan; G4: PPol; G5: SNan + PPol; G6: SNan + 35%H O ; G7: PPol + 35%H O ; G8: SNan + PPol + 35%H O .

Implications of Regionalizing Care in the Developing World: Impact of Distance to Referral Center on Compliance to Biopsy Recommendations in a Brazilian Prostate Cancer Screening Cohort.

Given growing specialization in medical care, optimal care may require regionalization, which may create access barriers. We tested this within a large prostate cancer (PC) screening program in Brazil. In 2004-2007, Barretos Cancer Hospital prospectively screened men for PC throughout rural Brazil.

Erosive tooth wear inhibition by hybrid coatings with encapsulated fluoride and stannous ions.

This study aimed to formulate a hybrid coating material (HC) and to modify this HC with fluoride (NaF) and stannous (SnCl) ions, directly or encapsulated in nano containers, testing the effects of these materials against dental erosion and erosion-abrasion. Enamel and dentin specimens were treated with the HCs, and then tested in erosion or erosion-abrasion cycling models of 5 days (n = 10 for each substrate, for each model). Deionized water was the negative control, and a fluoride varnish, the positive control.

Response of pulp cells to resin infiltration of enamel white spot-like lesions.

Objectives: To investigate the trans-enamel and trans-dentinal biological effects of treating enamel white spot-like lesions (EWSLs) with resin infiltration components (RICs) on odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) and human dental pulp cells (HDPCs).

Methods: EWSLs were induced in 60 enamel/dentin discs (4.0 ± 0.

Physical exercise effects on the brain during COVID-19 pandemic: links between mental and cardiovascular health.

The current pandemic was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The quarantine period during corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak might affect the quality of life leading thousands of individuals to diminish the daily caloric expenditure and mobility, leading to a sedentary behavior and increase the number of health disorders. Exercising is used as a non-pharmacological treatment in many chronic diseases.

Dehydration of D-fructose to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural in DMSO using a hydrophilic sulfonated silica catalyst in a process promoted by microwave irradiation.

SiO-SOH, with a surface area of 115 m/g, pore volumes of 0.38 cmg and 1.32 mmol H/g, was used as a 10% w/w catalyst for the preparation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) from fructose.

Enhanced performance of pencil-drawn paper-based electrodes by laser-scribing treatment.

Electrochemical Paper-based Analytical Devices (ePADs) are an alternative to traditional portable analytical techniques due to features such as low-cost, easy surface modification with different materials, and high sensitivity. A fast and simple method to fabricate enhanced ePADs using pencil-drawing which involves the CO laser treatment of the carbon surface deposited on paper is described. The electrochemical performances of the devices were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) with different redox probes and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).

Physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and penetration into dentinal tubules of sodium hypochlorite with and without surfactants.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and penetration into dentinal tubules of ChlorCid™ Surf (3% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] with surfactant) in comparison to ChlorCid™ (3% NaOCl without surfactant).

Materials And Methods: The physicochemical properties evaluated were pH, surface tension, free available chlorine (FAC) and contact angle. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in L929 fibroblasts exposed to the solutions by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and neutral red assays.

Protective effect of anti-erosive solutions enhanced by an aminomethacrylate copolymer.

Objective: To investigate if an aminomethacrylate copolymer (AMC) could potentiate the anti-erosive effect of solutions containing sodium fluoride -F (225 ppm F) and sodium fluoride associated to stannous chloride -FS (800 ppm Sn).

Methods: The experimental solutions (F, FS, AMC, AMC + F, AMC + FS, and deionized water-DW as negative control) were tested in the presence of acquired pellicle. Polished bovine enamel specimens (n = 13/group) were submitted to an erosion-rehardening cycle (2 h immersion in human saliva, 5 min in 0.

Physico-chemical characterization and tissue healing changes by Hancornia speciosa Gomes latex biomembrane.

Skin wounds have been a public health concern of high frequency, in addition to requiring intensive and expensive care. The natural rubber latex (NRL) from Hancornia speciosa Gomes has been used to treat many problems in traditional medicine and also present healing properties, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activity and antinociceptive effects. The purpose of this study was to characterize the new biomembrane from the NRL of H.