A comparative analysis of classical and machine learning methods for forecasting TB/HIV co-infection.

TB/HIV coinfection poses a complex public health challenge. Accurate forecasting of future trends is essential for efficient resource allocation and intervention strategy development. This study compares classical statistical and machine learning models to predict TB/HIV coinfection cases stratified by gender and the general populations.

Telehealth as a Component of One Health: a Position Paper.

Introduction: One Health (OH) refers to the integration of human, animal, and ecosystem health within one framework in the context of zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance and stewardship, and food security. Telehealth refers to distance delivery of healthcare. A systems approach is central to both One Health and telehealth, and telehealth can be a core component of One Health.

Low-Frequency TENS in Women With Behavioral Dysphonia: Preliminary Data From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To verify the effectiveness of low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) simultaneously applied to the performance of vocal exercises in women with behavioral dysphonia.

Methods: This is a randomized, blinded clinical trial (Register Number: RBR-5k95vs). Twelve adult women with vocal nodules, randomly divided into three groups (G1: 4 participants - 12 sessions - application of placebo TENS simultaneously to the execution of vocal exercises; G2: 5 participants - 12 sessions - application of low-frequency TENS (frequency at 10 Hz, 200 μs duration phase, motor threshold, with electrodes placed on the thyroid cartilage lamina, bilaterally); and G3: 3 participants - 12 sessions - application of low-frequency TENS (same condition as G2) simultaneously to the execution of vocal exercises), participated in this study.

Sexual assault and vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections among homeless Brazilian women: a cross sectional qualitative study.

Background: Homeless women have complex life conditions and are often exposed to violence, sexual exploitation, rape, prostitution, reproductive disorders, survival sex trading, unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The aim was to explore the existence of sexual aggression and vulnerability to STIs among homeless Brazilian women.

Methods: Fifteen interviews were conducted with homeless women who were admitted to a women's shelter in a large city in Brazil.

Soybean Yield and Nutrition Grown on the Straw of Grain Sorghum Inoculated with and Intercropped with BRS Paiaguás Grass.

The adoption of diversified agricultural systems that employ integrated cultural practices appears to be the way to sustainably intensify tropical agriculture. Our objectives were to evaluate the dry matter (DM) accumulation of sorghum inoculated with , with or without a nitrogen fertilization split, intercropped with palisade grass ( cv. BRS Paiaguás), and how these practices influenced the nutrition and development of soybean in succession.

A distributional regression approach to modeling the impact of structural and intermediary social determinants on communities burdened by tuberculosis in Eastern Amazonia - Brazil.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that is influenced by social determinants of health. However, the specific structural and intermediary determinants of TB in Eastern Amazonia remain unclear. Despite being rich in natural resources, the region faces significant challenges related to poverty, inequality, and neglected diseases.

Frequency of human papilomavirus and associated factors in gypsy and quilombola women : Human papillomavirus in gypsy and quilombola women.

Background: The prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the general population is widely known, however, there are still few studies related to this infection in minority groups, Thus, the objective is to analyze the frequency of human papillomavirus and associated factors in quilombola and gypsy women.

Methods: Cross-sectional research with 145 quilombola and gypsy women from Caxias, Maranhão. Two Pap smear collections were performed and a questionnaire with 46 questions was applied between January, 2020 and March, 2021.

What are the Symptoms that Characterize the Clinical Condition of Vocal Fatigue? A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Vocal fatigue is a clinical manifestation associated with a perception of negative vocal adjustment. It is related to the increase in the sensation of excessive effort when speaking and the lack of conditioning of the muscles and structures that involve vocal production. Because it has a complex and multifactorial diagnosis, there is still no consensus on the symptoms most commonly found in this clinical condition.

Can Vocal Therapy With Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Followed by Vocal Exercises Reduce Benign Laryngeal Lesions in Dysphonic Women?: Randomized, Blind Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of vocal therapy with the use of low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) followed by voice exercises on vocal fold lesion size, vocal quality and quality of life in dysphonic women.

Methods: 27 women with vocal nodules participated, randomized into to: experimental group (EG)-13 women who received vocal therapy with 12 sessions of 20 min of TENS application (pulse:200μs, frequency:10Hz, motor threshold intensity, electrodes positioned in the trapezius muscle [descending fibers and submandibular region, bilaterally]). Each TENS session was followed by 30 min of vocal exercises; and the Control Group (CG)- 14 women who received 12 sessions with 20 min of application of placebo TENS (same conditions EG, but without receiving the stimulus electric), followed by 30 min of vocal exercise.

Effects of Resonance Tube Voice Therapy on Parkinson's Disease: Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To verify the effect of resonance tube voice therapy on the vocal aspects of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD).

Method: Intra-subject comparative controlled clinical trial with a single group assignment. Fourteen individuals with PD (10 men, mean age 66.

Use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic mapping review.

Background: Among the treatments for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) is a device that infuses insulin through the subcutaneous tissue in an uninterrupted manner and that comes closest to the physiological secretion of insulin. The use of CSII can provide the family with greater security and children and adolescents have more autonomy in relation to the treatment of T1DM. There is a lack of reviews that systematically gather the mounting evidence about the use of CSII in children and adolescents with T1DM.

Tuberculosis forecasting and temporal trends by sex and age in a high endemic city in northeastern Brazil: where were we before the Covid-19 pandemic?

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the temporal trend of tuberculosis cases according to sex and age group and evidence the level of disease before the Covid-19 pandemic in a TB high endemic city.

Methods: This was a time series study carried out in a city in northeast Brazil. The population was composed of cases of tuberculosis, excluding those with HIV-positive status, reported between the years 2002 and 2018.

Vocal Self-Perception of Singers During COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: to compare the self-perception of vocal fatigue and use of singing voice during the COVID-19 pandemic between professional and amateur singers and to relate this self-perception with vocal use characteristics during this period.

Methodology: Participants were 121 singers divided into professional singers group (PSG) (12 men and 20 women) comprising singers who depended exclusively on singing as a profession and an amateur singers group (ASG) (37 men and 52 women) of singers who did not depend exclusively on singing for their livelihood. All answered online questionnaires through Google Forms ®.

Self-perception of insomnia, sleep quality, and musculoskeletal pain in dysphonic women: preliminary study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between musculoskeletal pain, insomnia indices, and sleep quality with voice functioning among women.

Methods: Thirty women aged between 18 and 50 years old participated in two groups: dysphonic group (DG) - composed of 15 women diagnosed with behavioral dysphonia; and control group (CG) - composed of 15 vocally healthy women. All participants answered the Musculoskeletal Pain Investigation Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaires.

Vocal Self-Perception of Home Office Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: To investigate the self-perception of vocal fatigue symptoms and musculoskeletal pain in home office workers before and during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.

Materials And Methods: A total of 424 individuals participated in this cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study; they were stratified into the experimental group (EG), consisting of 235 individuals working from home office during the COVID-19 pandemic; and the control group (CG), with 189 individuals who continued to work in person during this period. All participants answered the vocal fatigue index and the musculoskeletal pain investigation questionnaires.

Subjective cognitive impairment, cognitive disorders and self-perceived health: The importance of the informant.

Unlabelled: There is great divergence of results in the literature regarding the clinical relevance and etiology of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). Currently, SCI is studied as a pre-clinical symptom of Alzheimer's disease, before establishing a possible diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The hypothesis was that SCI is associated with low cognitive performance and poor self-perceived health.

Alterations in visual acuity and visual development in infants 1-24 months old either exposed to or infected by Zika virus during gestation, with and without microcephaly.

Purpose: To evaluate visual acuity and visual acuity development in children from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, who were exposed to the Zika virus (ZIKV) gestationally.

Methods: Children who had been exposed to ZIKV during gestation and age-matched control subjects received visual acuity and funduscopic examination. ZIKV exposure was confirmed by maternal quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing or serology assay.

Relation Between Musculoskeletal Pain and Voice Self-Assessment in Tele-Operators.

Objectives: To investigate musculoskeletal pain, vocal fatigue, and voice-related quality of life of tele-operators and compare these aspects with nonvoice-related professionals; and verify if there is a relationship between musculoskeletal pain and vocal fatigue and voice-related quality of life (V-RQOL) of tele-operators and nonvoice-related professionals.

Methods: Thirty-five tele-operators (SG) and 35 nonvoice-related professionals with no vocal complaints (control group) participated in the study. All of them answered investigating questionnaires of musculoskeletal pain, vocal fatigue index, and V-RQOL.

Voiced High-frequency Oscillation and LaxVox: Analysis of Their Immediate Effects in Subjects With Healthy Voice.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the immediate effects of voiced high-frequency oscillation (VHFO) and LaxVox exercises in vocally healthy subjects.

Methods: Thirty adult subjects (15 women, 15 men) with no history of dysphonia or vocal complaints participated in the study. The subjects performed VHFO and LaxVox techniques for 3 minutes in a random order, with a washout period of 7 days.

Cadmium sorption and extractability in tropical soils with variable charge.

The availability of cadmium (Cd) for plants and its impact in the environment depends on Cd sorption in soil colloids. The study of Cd sorption in soil and its fractionation is an interesting tool for the evaluation of Cd affinity with soil pools. The objective with this study was to evaluate Cd sorption and desorption in tropical soils with variable charge (three Oxisols), in a Mollisol and in two Entisols with diverse physical, chemical, and mineralogical attributes.

Molecular typing of canine Giardia duodenalis isolates from Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Giardia duodenalis (syn. Giardia intestinalis and Giardia lamblia) is a widespread intestinal parasite in mammals, including humans and pets worldwide. It should be considered a species complex and comprises eight assemblage (A-H).

Decision-making deficits linked to real-life social dysfunction in crack cocaine-dependent individuals.

Crack cocaine-dependent individuals (CCDI) present abnormalities in both social adjustment and decision making, but few studies have examined this association. This study investigated cognitive and social performance of 30 subjects (CCDI × controls); CCDI were abstinent for 2 weeks. We used the Social Adjustment Scale (SAS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT).

Topographic metabolic map of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using 18F-FDG PET and CT image fusion.

Objective: To propose a methodologic approach to evaluate head and neck tumors in order to identify and distinguish areas of higher metabolic activity inside the lesion.

Study Design: The sample consisted of 17 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Images were simultaneously acquired using a nondedicated PET-CT device and an independent workstation with ENTEGRA 2 NT software to generate the image fusion between PET and CT.