The expression of TNF-α in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is related to an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine, namely tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). This cytokine plays an important role in the development of ulcer lesions, both in saliva, tissues and blood. This systematic review analyzed the differences of TNF-α in lesions, salivary and blood and can be used as a reliable method of diagnosis for RAS.

The effect of four different intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of root canal sealers.

This study aimed to compare the effect of 4 different intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of two sealers (AH Plus and MTA Fillapex). 100 single-rooted extracted premolar teeth were divided into 5 groups, with 20 samples in each group, one group being the control group. After cleaning and shaping procedures, the canals were filled with 4 different medicaments: calcium hydroxide, tri-antibiotic paste (TAP), Metapex, or Chlorhexidine (2%) gel for 2 weeks.

Salivary metabolite signatures of oral cancer and leukoplakia through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Background: Saliva contains a large array of metabolites, many of which can be informative for the detection of diseases. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a system that has long been used for metabolite profiling owing to its sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and synchronized analysis; it has relatively broad coverage of compound classes including sugars, sugar alcohols, glycosides and lipophilic compounds.

Aim And Objectives: The present study was conducted to explore the use of GC-MS in assessing variation in salivary metabolites and to recognize the metabolites which can be used as disease diagnostic tools and metabolite markers for detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Discovering Common Pathophysiological Processes between COVID-19 and Cystic Fibrosis by Differential Gene Expression Pattern Analysis.

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that infect mammals and birds. Coronaviruses cause infections of the respiratory system in humans, which can be minor or fatal. A comparative transcriptomic analysis has been performed to establish essential profiles of the gene expression of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) linked to cystic fibrosis (CF).

A double-blind randomized controlled trial to compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine alone and in combination with ketamine in uncooperative and anxious paediatric dental patients requiring pulpectomy.

Aim: To compare the sedation regimen Dexmedetomidine alone and its combination with low dose Ketamine through intravenous route in terms of safety, efficacy and recovery profile in uncooperative paediatric dental patients requiring pulpectomy.

Material And Methods: Thirty anxious and uncooperative 2-6-year-old children requiring pulpectomy in at least one primary molar were enrolled. Propofol was used as an induction agent.

Demographic, clinical, and service-use characteristics related to the clinician's recommendation to transition from child to adult mental health services.

Purpose: The service configuration with distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) may be a barrier to continuity of care. Because of a lack of transition policy, CAMHS clinicians have to decide whether and when a young person should transition to AMHS. This study describes which characteristics are associated with the clinicians' advice to continue treatment at AMHS.

Identification of Potential Key Genes and Molecular Mechanisms of Medulloblastoma Based on Integrated Bioinformatics Approach.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most occurring brain cancer that mostly happens in childhood age. This cancer starts in the cerebellum part of the brain. This study is designed to screen novel and significant biomarkers, which may perform as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in MB.

Identification of Molecular Biomarkers and Key Pathways for Esophageal Carcinoma (EsC): A Bioinformatics Approach.

Esophageal carcinoma (EsC) is a member of the cancer group that occurs in the esophagus; globally, it is known as one of the fatal malignancies. In this study, we used gene expression analysis to identify molecular biomarkers to propose therapeutic targets for the development of novel drugs. We consider EsC associated four different microarray datasets from the gene expression omnibus database.

Machine Learning Techniques for Human Age and Gender Identification Based on Teeth X-Ray Images.

The use of digital medical images is increasing with advanced computational power that has immensely contributed to developing more sophisticated machine learning techniques. Determination of age and gender of individuals was manually performed by forensic experts by their professional skills, which may take a few days to generate results. A fully automated system was developed that identifies the gender of humans and age based on digital images of teeth.

Efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Count Present in Saliva.

Aim And Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and longevity of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to inhibit the dental caries initiator bacteria; count in saliva.

Study Design: Twenty children having class I and II dental caries with no prior restorations were included in the study. Unstipulated saliva samples were collected before and immediately after application of SDF, 1, 3, and 6 months after application, and intergroup comparison was done.

Cohort profile: demographic and clinical characteristics of the MILESTONE longitudinal cohort of young people approaching the upper age limit of their child mental health care service in Europe.

Purpose: The presence of distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) impacts continuity of mental health treatment for young people. However, we do not know the extent of discontinuity of care in Europe nor the effects of discontinuity on the mental health of young people. Current research is limited, as the majority of existing studies are retrospective, based on small samples or used non-standardised information from medical records.

Oral Health Assessment of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Special Schools.

Background: Sensory over-responsivity is an important factor influencing the ability of children with an autism spectrum disorder to receive proper oral care. Dental care remains the most prevalent, unmet health care need for children with special health care needs.

Aim And Objective: To assess the oral health of children with autism in special schools.

Removal of accumulated hard tissue debris from mesial root of mandibular molars evaluated using micro-CT - a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Aim The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to identify the best irrigant activation technique (IAT) for the removal of accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD) from the mesial root of mandibular molars evaluated using micro-CT studies.Methods The research question was based on the PICO format. Four electronic databases - PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science - were searched for articles up to June 2020.

Antibiotic resistance in microbes: History, mechanisms, therapeutic strategies and future prospects.

Antibiotics have been used to cure bacterial infections for more than 70 years, and these low-molecular-weight bioactive agents have also been used for a variety of other medicinal applications. In the battle against microbes, antibiotics have certainly been a blessing to human civilization by saving millions of lives. Globally, infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are on the rise.

Clinical utility of dermoscopy on diagnosing pigmented papillary fungiform papillae of the tongue: A systematic review.

Introduction: The practice of dermoscopy in dental and oral examination is low due to less popularity and not well established of the diagnostic tool in dental practice. The dermoscopy examination provides a specific dermoscopes details for pigmented papillary fungiform of tongue (PPFT) as cobblestone appearance and rose-petal appearance. With this dermoscopes details serves as a non-invasive diagnostic tool and prevents biopsy procedure.

An analysis of the palatal surface anatomy of maxillary central incisors: complexity behind the simplicity.

Background: The palatal surface of the maxillary anterior teeth in conjunction with the incisal edge represents the mechanical area, which is of great importance for lateral and anterior guidance. Therefore, in terms of restorative dentistry, it is crucial for the clinician to have a detailed knowledge of the palatal surface anatomy (PSA) of the different maxillary anterior teeth in order to reestablish a definitive correlation between form, function, and esthetics. The aim of the present study was to analyze the variations in the PSA of the maxillary central incisors (CIs) and their correlation with tooth form and gender.

Response to Commentary: Fungal Infections of Oral Cavity: Diagnosis, Management, and Association with COVID-19.

This letter is a response to commentary by Ambadasu et al. on a review article by Santosh et al. on "Fungal Infections of Oral Cavity: Diagnosis, Management, and Association with COVID-19.

Influence of Minimally Invasive Access Cavity Designs on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Mandibular Molars Subjected to Thermocycling and Dynamic Loading.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated and restored permanent mandibular molars with minimally invasive access cavities subjected to thermocycling and dynamic loading.

Methods: Forty first and second mandibular molars were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 10/group) as follows: group 1, control (intact teeth); group 2, traditional access cavity (TradAC); group 3, conservative access cavity (ConsAC); and group 4, truss access cavity (TrecAC). After endodontic treatment, teeth were restored with SDR core (Dentsply Caulk, Milford, DE) and subjected to thermocycling followed by dynamic and static loading with a multiaxial fatigue testing machine (Instron, Canton, MA).

Minimally invasive intraarticular platelet rich plasma injection for refractory temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome in comparison to arthrocentesis.

Context: Internal derangements of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with associated symptoms which do not respond to conservative therapies are refractory cases of temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome (TMD). Minimally invasive techniques like arthrocentesis and platelet rich plasma (PRP) injections are usually employed to improve TMJ symptoms and function in these cases.

Aims: To compare PRP with arthrocentesis for evaluating the effectiveness of PRP in relieving symptoms of refractory TMJ pain dysfunction syndrome.

Histological evaluation of two different anorganic bovine bone matrixes in lateral wall sinus elevation procedure: A retrospective study.

Introduction: Grafting in oral implantology involves bone augmentation procedures with various bone graft materials. Success of such procedures is evaluated through the amount of bone volume and bone formed at the grafted site. The primary aim of this prospective study was to histomorphometrically evaluate and compare the new bone formation with Bio Oss or Cerabone in the lateral approach sinus augmentation procedure.

Prevalence and Pattern of Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars in Children in Delhi-NCR.

Background: Developmental defects of enamel especially enamel hypomineralization are prevalent among children. Hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM) present a serious clinical dilemma for the current practitioners. It represents as a potential predictive factor for molar incisal hypomineralization (MIH).

Prevalence, knowledge, attitude and nicotine dependence among ESI-insured populations of Delhi NCR region: Institutional study.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption among the ESI-insured patients. The study also assessed the knowledge, practice, and attitude among industrial workers as well as nicotine dependence with different forms of tobacco products consumed.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among industrial workers from various industries (small and large scale) insured under the employee state insurance corporation scheme.

Regenerative Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous (SHED) Teeth during Engineering of Human Body Tissues.

The current decade witnesses the regenerative potential of Stem Cells (SCs) based lifesaving therapies for the treatment of various disease conditions. Human teeth act as a reservoir for SCs that exist in high abundance in baby, wisdom, and permanent teeth. The collection of Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED) is considered a simple process as it offers the convenience of little or no pain.

Biological posts and crown: An esthetic recovery of smile.

Anterior teeth fracture is a common form of dental trauma that mainly affects children and adolescents. Maxillary incisors are the most commonly affected teeth. Loss of coronal tooth structure might affect esthetics and function.