Exploring the Journey of STEM Faculty into Justice-centered Pedagogy.

In higher education and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), interlocking oppressions can lead to inequitable environments for those who hold marginalized identities. Instructors can play key roles in either exacerbating or mitigating these inequities through their pedagogical approaches and choice of curricular material. However, it remains unclear how instructors who self-identify as committed to justice achieve higher levels of consciousness around areas of injustice and develop the self-efficacy to dismantle barriers for students over time.

Discovery of the first Tn630 member and the closest homolog of IS630 from viruses.

IS630/Tc1/mariner (ITm) represents the most widely distributed superfamily of DNA transposons in nature. Currently, bioinformatics research on ITm members primarily involves collecting data of existing and emerging members and organizing them into new groups or families. In the present study, our survey revealed that Tc1 and IS630 members have a broad host range, spanning across all six biological kingdoms (bacteria, fungi, plantae, animalia, archaea and protista) and viruses.

Artificial Intelligence for Response Assessment in Neuro Oncology (AI-RANO), part 1: review of current advancements.

The development, application, and benchmarking of artificial intelligence (AI) tools to improve diagnosis, prognostication, and therapy in neuro-oncology are increasing at a rapid pace. This Policy Review provides an overview and critical assessment of the work to date in this field, focusing on diagnostic AI models of key genomic markers, predictive AI models of response before and after therapy, and differentiation of true disease progression from treatment-related changes, which is a considerable challenge based on current clinical care in neuro-oncology. Furthermore, promising future directions, including the use of AI for automated response assessment in neuro-oncology, are discussed.

Hybrid Sparse Transformer and Wavelet Fusion-Based Deep Unfolding Network for Hyperspectral Snapshot Compressive Imaging.

Recently, deep unfolding network methods have significantly progressed in hyperspectral snapshot compressive imaging. Many approaches directly employ Transformer models to boost the feature representation capabilities of algorithms. However, they often fall short of leveraging the full potential of self-attention mechanisms.

A history of susceptibility to parasites and divergence in solitary, gregarious and agonistic behaviors of embiopterans.

Two species of Haploembia Ramburi (Oligotomidae: Embioptera), nonnative detritivores found in the western USA, display solitary tendencies, not typical for webspinners that usually share silk galleries. Reports from the 1960s based on native populations in Italy highlighted the impact of a gregarine that depressed male sterility and female survivorship in Haploembia solieri (Rambur). Sympatric asexual Haploembia tarsalis (Ross) lives a normal lifespan when parasitized, albeit suffering from reduced fecundity.

A multiscale approach to understanding the shared blue-orange flower color polymorphism in two Lysimachia species.

Background: Polymorphisms are common in nature, but they are rarely shared among closely related species. Polymorphisms could originate through convergence, ancestral polymorphism, or introgression. Although shared neutral genomic variation across species is commonplace, few examples of shared functional traits exist.

Improving Infant Mental Health Home Visiting Training to Strengthen Cultural Responsiveness and Increase Equity.

Infant Mental Health Home Visiting (IMH-HV) is a needs-driven, relationship-based home visiting intervention with demonstrated positive outcomes for parents and young children. Prior research found that higher therapeutic alliance (TA) was associated with improved program retention and provider race affected TA and retention for clients. The objective of this quality improvement project was to inform improvements to IMH-HV provider trainings to better prepare providers to effectively engage and support diverse families.

Characterizing within-person variance in, and menstrual cycle associations with, event-related potentials associated with positive and negative valence systems: The reward positivity and the error-related negativity.

Event-related potentials (ERPs) are widely employed as measures of transdiagnostic cognitive processes that are thought to underlie various clinical disorders (Hajcak et al., 2019). Despite their prevalent use as individual difference measures, the effects of within-person processes, such as the human menstrual cycle, on a broad range of ERPs are poorly understood.

Acute stress-induced reductions in neural response to reward are related to acute stress-related increases in cortisol.

Stressors and blunted reward processing are implicated in depression. The current study simultaneously examined the impact of an acute stressor on cortisol and reward processing, measured using the reward positivity (RewP) in 66 participants. Participants completed a reward task during a stressor and a control condition, counterbalanced, and separated by 1 week, while saliva samples were collected before, immediately following, and 25 min after the reward task.

Cross-National Variations in Scientific Ethics: Exploring Ethical Perspectives Among Scientists in China, the US, and the UK.

This research explores the perspectives of academic physicists from three national contexts concerning their roles and responsibilities within the realm of science. Using a dataset comprised of 211 interviews with scientists working in China, the United States, and the United Kingdom, the study seeks to explain whether and in what manner physicists conceptualize scientific ethics within a global or national framework. The empirical findings bring to light disparities across nations in the physicists' perceptions of what constitutes responsible mentorship and engagement in public service.

Stem cell-based approaches for developmental neurotoxicity testing.

Neurotoxicants are substances that can lead to adverse structural or functional effects on the nervous system. These can be chemical, biological, or physical agents that can cross the blood brain barrier to damage neurons or interfere with complex interactions between the nervous system and other organs. With concerns regarding social policy, public health, and medicine, there is a need to ensure rigorous testing for neurotoxicity.

Emergence of crucial evidence catalyzing the origin tracing of SARS-CoV-2.

Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), its genetic and geographical origins remain unclear, resulting in suspicions about its natural origin. In one of our previous studies, we reported the presence of a furin cleavage site RRAR in the junction region between S1 and S2 subunits of the spike protein, which was discovered as the first crucial clue for the origin tracing of SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, we conducted an integrative analysis of new genome data from bat Sarbecovirus strains reported after the COVID-19 outbreak.

Examining a Fully Automated Mobile-Based Behavioral Activation Intervention in Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Despite significant progress in our understanding of depression, prevalence rates have substantially increased in recent years. Thus, there is an imperative need for more cost-effective and scalable mental health treatment options, including digital interventions that minimize therapist burden.

Objective: This study focuses on a fully automated digital implementation of behavioral activation (BA)-a core behavioral component of cognitive behavioral therapy for depression.

Syntax-Guided Content-Adaptive Transform for Image Compression.

The surge in image data has significantly increased the pressure on storage and transmission, posing new challenges for image compression technology. The structural texture of an image implies its statistical characteristics, which is effective for image encoding and decoding. Consequently, content-adaptive compression methods based on learning can better capture the content attributes of images, thereby enhancing encoding performance.

What is a compassionate face? Avoided negative affect explains differences between U.S. Americans and Chinese.

While a compassionate face for Germans mirrors others' suffering, for U.S. Americans, a compassionate face is one that expresses a slight smile, partly because U.

Synthetic Generation of Patient Service Utilization Data: A Scalability Study.

To address privacy and ethical issues in using health data for machine learning, we evaluate the scalability of advanced synthetic data generation methods like GANs, VAEs, copulaGAN, and transformer models specifically for patient service utilization data. Our study examines five models on data from a Canadian health authority, focusing on training and generation efficiency, data resemblance, and practical utility. Our findings indicate that statistical models excel in efficiency, while most models produce synthetic data that closely mirrors real data, and is also useful for real-world applications.

Using an Instagram campaign to influence knowledge, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intentions for sustainable behaviors.

Introduction: Climate change poses one of the most pervasive threats to the planet today. Intervention is required to promote pro-environmental behaviors among individuals to curb its effects. Borrowing several constructs from the Theory of Planned Behavior, we designed and evaluated a campaign, delivered primarily through Instagram, to shift sustainability-related cognitions and behaviors among university students.

Curvature-Assisted Vesicle Explosion Under Light-Induced Asymmetric Oxidation.

Exposure of cell membranes to reactive oxygen species can cause oxidation of membrane lipids. Oxidized lipids undergo drastic conformational changes, compromising the mechanical integrity of the membrane and causing cell death. For giant unilamellar vesicles, a classic cell mimetic system, a range of mechanical responses under oxidative assault has been observed including formation of nanopores, transient micron-sized pores, and total sudden catastrophic collapse (i.