EVALUATION OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ANATOMY OF TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE BEFORE AND AFTER CESAREAN SECTION.

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is used to provide analgesia after lower abdominal surgery operations. TAP block has been shown to reduce postoperative pain scores and side effects of opioids after cesarean section. Generally, TAP block was introduced after cesarean section.

The role of pineal gland volume in the development of scoliosis.

Purpose: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is believed to be caused by genetic, neurological, osseous growth anomalies, histological variables including muscle fiber percentage and core structure changes, metabolic and hormonal dysfunction, vestibular dysfunction, and platelet microarchitecture. The objective of this study was to contribute to the determination of the cause of AIS by analyzing the changes in pineal gland volume in AIS cases.

Methods: Study (AIS) and control group were each comprised of 26 patients who met the inclusion requirements.

Pelvic Compression Device (Binder) Application Training in Medical Students: A Manikin Study.

Background: Correct application of external pelvic compression devices (binders) is crucial in managing multitrauma patients with suspected pelvic fractures to control hemorrhage. Yet, there is a lack of practical training standards for pelvic compression device application in medical school education.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate simulation training of pelvic compression device application by medical students to determine the number of applications required to meet proficiency measured by correct application and timeliness.

Predictive factors of recurrence after omalizumab cessation in the elderly with urticaria: A real-life study.

There are no well-defined data that help predict the recurrence risk of urticaria after omalizumab cessation in elderly patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of omalizumab and to determine the possible predictive factors for recurrence after omalizumab cessation in the elderly with CSU. A total of 193 patients with CSU treated with omalizumab were included and divided into two groups according to age: group 1, ages 18-64 years ( = 127), and group 2, ages ≥ 65 years ( = 66).

The Notch1/CD22 signaling axis disrupts Treg function in SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) evolves in some pediatric patients following acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 by hitherto unknown mechanisms. Whereas acute-COVID-19 severity and outcomes were previously correlated with Notch4 expression on Tregs, here, we show that Tregs in MIS-C were destabilized through a Notch1-dependent mechanism. Genetic analysis revealed that patients with MIS-C had enrichment of rare deleterious variants affecting inflammation and autoimmunity pathways, including dominant-negative mutations in the Notch1 regulators NUMB and NUMBL leading to Notch1 upregulation.

Assessment the neurodegenaration process of post-geniculate optic pathway in thalamic tumors using optical coherence tomography: Post-geniculate optic pathway in thalamic tumors.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of thalamic tumors related to post-geniculate optic pathway and those of microsurgical removal on neurodegeneration process of visual pathway using OCT.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 eyes of 15 patients with thalamic tumors and data compiled from 45 eyes of 45 healthy participants. The analysis of variables was divided into ipsilateral and contralateral eye depends on the laterality of brain tumors.

Re-examining the characteristics of pediatric multiple sclerosis in the era of antibody-associated demyelinating syndromes.

Background: The discovery of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG and anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG and the observation on certain patients previously diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) actually have an antibody-mediated disease mandated re-evaluation of pediatric MS series.

Aim: To describe the characteristics of recent pediatric MS cases by age groups and compare with the cohort established before 2015.

Method: Data of pediatric MS patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2021 were collected from 44 pediatric neurology centers across Türkiye.

Depression, anxiety, body image scores, and sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome according to phenotypes.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been linked to both mental and metabolic disturbances. The purpose of this research was to investigate psychological features such as anxiety and depression, body image, sexual dysfunction, and associated factors among the PCOS phenotypes and to compare these with healthy controls. The study involved 167 reproductive-age women with PCOS and 73 healthy controls.

How effective are APRI, FIB-4, FIB-5 scores in predicting liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients?

Liver fibrosis is the most important factor in the prognosis and treatment plan of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis index based on 4 factors (FIB-4), and fibrosis index based on 5 factors (FIB-5) scores are noninvasive fibrosis markers, and previous comparative studies have shown that they are as effective as liver biopsy in detecting liver fibrosis in different liver diseases. The aim of our study is to investigate whether existing scoring systems are effective in demonstrating fibrosis in CHB patients and to compare the APRI, FIB 4, and FIB 5 scores in differentiating early and advanced fibrosis in 123 patients who underwent liver biopsy for CHB infection.

Effect of eyeliner and mascara use on tear film and meibomian glands.

Purpose: This study was conducted to see whether eyeliner, mascara, or combined eyeliner and mascara (EM) use affects tear production, tear film stability, and meibomian gland (MG) loss.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty healthy women underwent noninvasive tear break-up time (NTBUT) measurement, meibography, and Schirmer testing. Study groups were no makeup (NM) group, eyeliner-only group, mascara-only group, and those who used both EM.

Effects of patient blood management in pediatric heart surgery.

Objective: Multidisciplinary patient blood management practices reduce costs of blood products and transfusion-related complications in hospitals. Hospital costs are high in pediatric cardiac surgery patients because high hematocrit levels are usually needed; the need for blood products is high due to complex and long surgical procedures; the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) is long, and the use of treatment modalities such as dialysis and ECMO is common in this patient population.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we investigated the effects of the use of the multidisciplinary patient blood management protocols on the use of blood products and associated costs by comparing the outcomes of the protocol implemented in the year 2019 to the blood product use and costs of the previous year.

The effectiveness of serum S100B, TRAIL, and adropin levels in predicting clinical outcome, final infarct core, and stroke subtypes of acute ischemic stroke patients.

Introduction: More than half of all worldwide deaths and disabilities were caused by stroke. Large artery atherosclerosis is identified as a high etiological risk factor because it accounts for 20% of ischemic stroke.

Objectives: To identify the significance of TRAIL and adropin release and the relative changes related to S100B levels, as well as the relationship between these biomarkers and the final infarct core, the clinical outcome, and the presence of large artery atherosclerosis in acute stroke patients.

Reversal of Oral Vitamin K Antagonists Using Prothrombin Complex Concentration Prior to IV tPA Administration.

Herein, we report two acute ischemic stroke cases that we used prothrombin complex to reverse the effects of warfarin in order to apply intravenous thrombolytic treatment. To the best of our knowledge, there are only limited amount of cases that prothrombin complex concentrates were applied prior to intravenous thrombolytic treatment administration. As one of the biggest acute stroke clinics in our country, we aim to open a discussion for this treatment to be fully researched and understood.

Is docetaxel-free interval a predictive factor for castration-resistant prostate cancer?

Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common solid tumor in men and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death. In advanced stage, palliative treatments are used instead of curative therapies. Therefore, finding predictive indicators seems crucial.

Management of deep neck infections in adults and importance of clinical and laboratory findings.

This study aimed to analyze laboratory and radiological imaging results in the prediction of treatment strategy in patients with deep neck infections. Eighty-three patients (55 (66.3%) men, mean age: 38.

Comparison of early-stage stenosis and regurgitation results among patients who underwent aortic valve repair.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyse the results of paediatric aortic valve repairs in our institution.

Method: The data of 57 patients under 18 years of age who underwent aortic valve repair between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Early postoperative reoperation and hospital mortality rates were evaluated based on the ages of the patients, their preoperative diagnoses, and the surgical techniques used.

Evaluation of the choroidal vascularity index after subthreshold yellow laser treatment in the patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To assess the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) after subthreshold laser treatment in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Method: A total of 32 eyes with CSC were included in this study. In group 1, 14 eyes with persistent CSC were treated with the PASCAL (Endpoint Management Software) at 577-nm wavelength and in group 2, 18 eyes without treatment.

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Heterodigital Neurovascular Island Flap, Reverse Homodigital Neurovascular Island Flap, and Cross-Finger Flap Used for Fingertip Reconstruction.

Objective: The fundamentals of fingertip defect reconstructions should be mainly to restore the sensation with contour and identical pulp volume, and texture. To achieve these, various flap techniques were described in which those had their own advantages and disadvantages to restore the fingertip injuries. This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes of three different local flap procedures widely used for the reconstruction of fingertip defects: heterodigital neurovascular island (HeNI) flap, reverse homodigital neurovascular island (rHoNI) flap, and cross-finger (CF) flap.

Electrocardiographic QRS axis shift, rotation and COVİD-19.

Background: In patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), severe dyspnea is the most dramatic complication. Severe respiratory difficulties may include electrocardiographic frontal QRS axis rightward shift (Rws) and clockwise rotation (Cwr).

Aim: This study investigated the predictability of advanced lung tomography findings with QRS axis shift and rotation.