Contribution of Deep Cerebral Venous Anomaly to the Emergence of Nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage as Opposed to Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: The exact reason of nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an enigma. The aim of this study is to identify if type III deep cerebral venous drainage is exclusively prevalent in patients with nonaneurysmal SAH and to enumerate the predictors of poorer outcome in these patients.

Methods: All patients of age >18 years, presented at our centre with spontaneous SAH on noncontrast computed tomography head and were divided into 2 groups, aneurysmal and nonaneurysmal SAH after 4-vessel DSA.

Are Buffy-coat Pooled Platelet Concentrates an Effective Alternative to Apheresis Platelet Concentrates? An Analysis at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India.

Background: There is a need for platelet products to have the best quality. Apheresis platelet concentrates (PCs) obtained from single-donors PCs (SD-PCs) are considered best but have issues such as feasibility and cost. Buffy-coat pooled PCs (BCP-PCs) are considered an alternative to SD-PCs.

1H NMR Using Metabolic Study in Body Fluids for Diagnosis of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Adults.

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis is considered to affect HIV patients and those with impaired immune systems. Early identification and treatment are the keys to decreasing morbidity and mortality related to CM. Using 1H NMR spectroscopy, a prospective case-control study will assess the metabolic profile of adults' serum, urine, and CSF.

Global distribution of β-thalassemia mutations: An update.

One excellent illustration of how a single gene abnormality may result in a spectrum of disease incidence is the incredible phenotypic variety of β-thalassemia, which spans from severe anemia and transfusion needs to an utterly asymptomatic sickness. However, genetic causes of β-thalassemia and how the anemia's severity might be altered at various stages in its pathophysiology have been well investigated. There are currently known to be more than 350 mutations that cause genetic disease.

Resolving fetal hydrops - A rare entity.

Non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in ≥2 interstitial spaces with no evidence of maternal red cell alloimmunization. Leaving a few treatable conditions, it is generally considered as a sign of poor fetal outcome. Bi-allelic variants in THSD1 have been found to be to be associated with phenotypes ranging from lethal NIHF to persistent edema.

Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among parents of neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission causes significant distress that can hinder the successful transition into parenthood, child-parent relations, and child development.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand parental psychological phenomena. Here we assessed the emotional response of parents of newborns during NICU admission.

Congenital nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis caused by compound heterozygous mutation in LAMA5 gene.

A two-and-a-half-month-old female infant presented with generalized edema for 10 days. At presentation, she had periorbital puffiness, moderate ascites, and pedal edema. Laboratory investigations revealed serum albumin 1.

Bone marrow plasma metabonomics of idiopathic acquired aplastic anemia patients using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Introduction: Idiopathic acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow failure disorder where aberrant T-cell functions lead to depletion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. T-cells undergo metabolic rewiring, which regulates their proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, studying metabolic variation in AA patients may aid us with a better understanding of the T-cell regulatory pathways governed by metabolites and their pathological engagement in the disease.

Profile of Amoebic vs Pyogenic Liver Abscess and Comparison of Demographical, Clinical, and Laboratory Profiles of these Patients From a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India.

Background And Objective: Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) and pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA) are the most common causes of liver abscess in developing and developed countries, respectively. Although incidence of liver abscess is low, but mortality is high amongst the patients due to delayed diagnosis. The study was done to find out the prevalence of amoebic and PLA among patients of liver abscess.

Portosystemic Shunt Surgery for Extrahepatic Portal Venous Obstruction Beyond Endoscopic Variceal Eradication: Two Decades of Pediatric Surgical Experience.

Background: This exclusively surgical series on pediatric extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) defines surgical indications beyond endoscopic eradication of esophageal varices (EEEV), the selection of an appropriate surgical procedure, and the long-term post-surgical outcome.

Methods: EHPVO management protocol at the reporting institute has been endotherapy until esophageal variceal eradication and surgery for select adverse sequelae manifesting after EEEV.

Results: One hundred and thirty-nine EHPVO cases underwent surgery for the following indications in combination: i) massive splenomegaly with severe hypersplenism ( = 132, 95%); ii) growth retardation (GR,  = 95, 68%); iii) isolated gastric (IGV) and ectopic varices ( = 49, 35%); iv) Portal cavernoma cholangiopathy (PCC) ( = 07, 5%).

Challenges and dilemmas in pediatric hepatic Wilson's disease.

Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting the ATP7B gene located on chromosome 13q. This leads to copper deposition in various organs, most importantly in the liver and brain. The genetic mutations are vast, well reported in the West but poorly documented in developing countries.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia due to A rare case report.

Introduction: is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause various infections, including pneumonia, in immunocompromised individuals. This case report presents a rare occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by in an apparently non-immunocompromised patient.

Case Presentation: The patient exhibited signs and symptoms of VAP and was successfully treated with intravenous ciprofloxacin.

High Frequency of Recessive WFS1 Mutations Among Indian Children With Islet Antibody-negative Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: While the frequency of islet antibody-negative (idiopathic) type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is reported to be increased in Indian children, its aetiology has not been studied. We investigated the role of monogenic diabetes in the causation of islet antibody-negative T1DM.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective, observational study of 169 Indian children (age 1-18 years) with recent-onset T1DM.

Retroperitoneal yolk sac tumour encroaching the liver and adrenal gland with tumour thrombus in cavo-atrial region and hepatic veins.

Paediatric germ cell tumours (GCT) are rare tumours and are unique because of varied clinical presentation and locations. Yolk sac tumour is the predominant malignant histology and a serum marker; alpha fetoprotein is used to see treatment response and recurrent disease. It is extremely rare to find a retroperitoneal GCT with tumour thrombus extending up to the cavo-atrial region with involvement of the hepatic veins.

Fulminant ruptured septic aneurysm complicating the catheter related blood stream infection in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis: A case report.

Metastatic infections can complicate catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) in dialysis dependent patients. However, an infected/septic aneurysm involving the aorta or its branches as a direct complication of CRBSI without an underlying infective endocarditis is not reported so far in the literature. We report a 43-year female, who presented with CRBSI 2 weeks following a tunneled dialysis catheter (TDC) insertion.

Organocatalytic aldol approach for the protecting group-free asymmetric synthesis of (7')-parabenzlactone, (-)-hinokinin, (-)-yatein, (-)-bursehernin, (-)-pluviatolide, (+)-isostegane and allied lignans.

A short and efficient catalytic asymmetric protection-free synthesis of dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans, such as (-)-hinokinin, (-)-yatein, (-)-bursehernin, (-)-pluviatolide, and their 7'-hydroxylignans - (7')-parabenzlactone, (7')-hydroxyyatein, (7')-hydroxybursehernin, and (7')-hydroxy pluviatolide, respectively, is described. The syntheses of (+)-isostegane and the formal synthesis of (-)-podophyllotoxin and bicubebins are also described. Organocatalytic aldol-reduction-lactonization and Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenative debromination are two-pot sequential reactions for the enantioselective synthesis of hydroxybutyrolactone 13b with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity (dr 33 : 1 and >99% ee).

Laparoscopic Transperitoneal Adrenalectomy for Adrenal Tumors in Children: Technical Considerations and Surgical Experience.

This study aimed to review our surgical experience of laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) for adrenal masses in the pediatric age group. The electronic medical records of all patients younger than 18 years of age who underwent LA between 2016 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Children with adrenal tumors localized to the site of origin without evidence of encasement of major vasculature or involvement of adjacent organs were considered for LA.

Real-world outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the biosimilar era.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive and the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The clinical use of rituximab has improved the treatment response and survival of patients with DLBCL. The introduction of rituximab biosimilar into healthcare system has helped in providing a cost-effective treatment to B-cell lymphoid malignancies as standard of care and has improved access to patients worldwide.

Use of Oral Empagliflozin to Obtain Optimal Blood Sugar Levels for Conducting F-FDG PET-CT in Patients with Hyperglycemia-A Pilot Study.

 Flourine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ( F-FDG PET-CT) is a well-established imaging modality for the evaluation of patients with oncological and nononcological conditions. The underlying principle of imaging is the preferentially increased glucose consumption by cancer cells, due to overexpression of glucose type 1 receptors that are insulin independent. Thus, one of the factors that leads to decreased sensitivity of an F-FDG PET-CT is elevated blood sugar levels, leading to decreased glucose uptake by cancer cells due to competitive inhibition.

Variants in DOK7 results in fetal akinesia deformation sequence: A case report and review of literature.

We report the third case of FADS due to biallelic DOK7 variants, which further strengthens the association of DOK7 with this lethal phenotype and lack of genotype phenotype correlation.

Mortality in Two Waves of COVID-19: A Comparative Analysis of a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.

Background COVID-19 has spread as two distinct surges of cases in many countries. Several countries have reported differences in disease severity and mortality in the two waves. Objective Compare the in-hospital mortality in the two COVID-19 waves at a tertiary care hospital in India.

Unveiling the future of metabolic medicine: omics technologies driving personalized solutions for precision treatment of metabolic disorders.

Metabolic disorders are increasingly prevalent worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. The variety of metabolic illnesses can be addressed through personalized medicine. The goal of personalized medicine is to give doctors the ability to anticipate the best course of treatment for patients with metabolic problems.