Unveiling the Metabolic Maze: FDG PET/CT Findings in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis - A Case Series.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), the spread of cancer cells in the peritoneum, is a significant concern in advanced gastrointestinal and gynecological cancers. This case series includes findings on the appearance and pattern of PC on F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (F-FDG PET/CT). The primary sources of peritoneal dissemination are direct invasion from abdominal or pelvic tumors and metastatic spread from distant tumors.

Japanese encephalitis virus infection causes reactive oxygen species-mediated skeletal muscle damage.

Skeletal muscle wasting is a clinically proven pathology associated with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection; however, underlying factors that govern skeletal muscle damage are yet to be explored. The current study aims to investigate the pathobiology of skeletal muscle damage using a mouse model of JEV infection. Our study reveals a significant increment in viral copy number in skeletal muscle post-JEV infection, which is associated with enhanced skeletal muscle cell death.

Biological use influences the impact of inflammation on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: Chronic inflammation promotes cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) improve disease activity and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We explored whether bDMARDs influence the impact of disease activity and inflammatory markers on long-term cardiovascular risk in RA.

Breaking the Cycle: Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors as an Alternative Approach in Managing Tuberculosis Pathogenesis and Progression.

(Mtb) has long posed a significant challenge to global public health, resulting in approximately 1.6 million deaths annually. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) instigated by Mtb is characterized by extensive lung tissue damage, leading to lesions and dissemination within the tissue matrix.

Rifabutin loaded inhalable β-glucan microparticle based drug delivery system for pulmonary TB.

Inhalable microparticle-based anti TB drug delivery systems are being investigated extensively for Tuberculosis [TB] treatment as they offer efficient and deep lung deposition with several advantages over conventional routes. It can reduce the drug dose, treatment duration and toxic effects and optimize the drug bioavailability. Yeast derived β-glucan is a β-[1-3/1-6] linked biocompatible polymer and used as carrier for various biomolecules.

Outcome of Guillain-Barré syndrome with bulbar palsy.

Background: Elective intubation is advocated in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with bulbar palsy to prevent aspiration pneumonia and lung collapse. We evaluate the outcome of GBS patients with bulbar palsy, and also compare the risks and benefits of intubation and MV in them.

Methods: 187 GBS patients with bulbar palsy from a cohort of 547 GBS registry were analyzed.

Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy: Short Versus Long Esophageal Myotomy for Achalasia Cardia: A Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial.

Background And Aims: The appropriate length of esophageal myotomy in peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia cardia remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the outcome of short (≤3 cm) and long (≥6 cm) esophageal myotomy in patients with type I and II achalasia cardia.

Methods: This single-blinded, randomized controlled noninferiority trial was conducted at a tertiary center between July 2021 and December 2021.

A systematic review of electroencephalographic findings in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe form of childhood onset epileptic encephalopathy characterized by multiple drug-resistant seizures, cognitive impairment, and diffuse slow spike and wave (SSW), and generalized paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA) on electroencephalogram (EEG). Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines was done to investigate EEG findings in LGS. PubMed and MEDLINE were systematically searched for English-language studies published until15th may 2023.

Pioneers of Neurosurgery in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Region: A Historical Vignette and Beyond.

South Asia, consisting of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, spreads between the Himalayan base and the Indian Ocean and shares identical geophysical characteristics. With the inclusion of its newest member Afghanistan, these 8 member nations of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) share more or less a homogenous geographical, political, and historical background and cultural heritage, with a significant role in shaping the world. This densely populated area is home to around a quarter of the world's total population.

Gallbladder cancer: Progress in the Indian subcontinent.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the commonest biliary malignancies seen in India, Argentina, and Japan. The disease has dismal outcome as it is detected quite late due to nonspecific symptoms and signs. Early detection is the only way to improve the outcome.

The Unusual Adverse Effects of Antituberculosis Therapy in Kidney Patients.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at a high risk of tuberculosis (TB), with a relative risk of developing active TB of 10%-25%. Similarly, glomerular disease increases the risk of TB due to diminished glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, and immunosuppression use. Further, the first-line anti-TB drugs are associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) even in patients with normal kidney functions.

Occipital encephalocele: a retrospective analysis and assessment of post-surgical neurodevelopmental outcome.

Background: Encephalocele represent a group of disorders which is characterised by extracranial herniation of the leptomeninges, brain, and CSF through a structural defect in the cranium. They are usually associated with other intracranial anomalies which may impact the neurological development.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the predictors of neurological development of patients undergone surgical excision of occipital encephalocele.

Safety and Efficacy of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Protocol in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Control Study.

Introduction: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient care. The goal of this approach is to reduce the body's reaction to surgical stress by optimizing the perioperative nutritional status, promoting analgesia without opioids, and early postoperative feeding. In pediatric patients, very limited literature is available for the application of ERAS protocol.

Consensus Statement from India on the Renal Benefits of ARNi, SGLT-2i, and Bisoprolol in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in India. CKD often coexists with heart failure (HF), diabetes, and hypertension. All these comorbidities are risk factors for renal impairment.

L-tyrosine for treatment of an infant with nemaline rod myopathy.

Nemaline rod myopathy is an extremely rare muscle disease responsible for hypotonia and poor muscle strength in infants. The disease has variable phenotypic presentations across different ages, ranging from neonatal to the adult onset and from severe to asymptomatic varieties. Clinical features, muscle biopsy and genetic testing help in diagnosis.

Meningioma: Molecular Updates from the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of CNS Tumors and Imaging Correlates.

Meningiomas, the most common primary intracranial neoplasms, account for more than one-third of primary CNS tumors. While traditionally viewed as benign, meningiomas can be associated with considerable morbidity, and specific meningioma subgroups display more aggressive behavior with higher recurrence rates. The risk stratification for recurrence has been primarily associated with the World Health Organization (WHO) histopathologic grade and extent of resection.

Role of inflammatory cytokine burst in neuro-invasion of Japanese Encephalitis virus infection: an immunotherapeutic approaches.

Japanese Encephalitis remains a significant global health concern, contributing to millions of deaths annually worldwide. Microglial cells, as key innate immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS), exhibit intricate cellular structures and possess molecular phenotypic plasticity, playing pivotal roles in immune responses during CNS viral infections. Particularly under viral inflammatory conditions, microglial cells orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses to mitigate viral invasion and dampen inflammatory reactions.