Intracranial alternating current stimulation facilitates neurogenesis in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Neurogenesis is significantly impaired in the brains of both human patients and experimental animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although deep brain stimulation promotes neurogenesis, it is an invasive technique that may damage neural circuitry along the path of the electrode. To circumvent this problem, we assessed whether intracranial electrical stimulation to the brain affects neurogenesis in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (5xFAD).

Specificity for latent C termini links the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP to caspases.

Protein-protein interactions between E3 ubiquitin ligases and protein termini help shape the proteome. These interactions are sensitive to proteolysis, which alters the ensemble of cellular N and C termini. Here we describe a mechanism wherein caspase activity reveals latent C termini that are then recognized by the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP.

Puberty onset and pediatric multiple sclerosis activity in boys.

Objectives: To determine the association of age of onset and puberty with relapse rate in boys with pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS).

Background: While sex steroid hormones have been shown to have immune effects, it is not known how age or puberty influence disease course in boys with MS. We have previously shown an association in girls with menarche and risk of relapse.

Stabilizing the Hsp70-Tau Complex Promotes Turnover in Models of Tauopathy.

Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a chaperone that normally scans the proteome and initiates the turnover of some proteins (termed clients) by linking them to the degradation pathways. This activity is critical to normal protein homeostasis, yet it appears to fail in diseases associated with abnormal protein accumulation. It is not clear why Hsp70 promotes client degradation under some conditions, while sparing that protein under others.

A prospective study of grey matter and cognitive function alterations in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Subsequent to chemotherapy treatment, breast cancer patients often report a decline in cognitive functioning that can adversely impact many aspects of their lives. Evidence has mounted in recent years indicating that a portion of breast cancer survivors who have undergone chemotherapy display reduced performance on objective measures of cognitive functioning relative to comparison groups. Neurophysiological support for chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment has been accumulating due to an increase in neuroimaging studies in this field; however, longitudinal studies are limited and have not examined the relationship between structural grey matter alterations and neuropsychological performance.

Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibitor MK-4827 together with radiation as a novel therapy for metastatic neuroblastoma.

Background/aim: To assess poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor MK-4827 together with radiation for the treatment of neuroblastoma.

Materials And Methods: Clonogenic survival assays were used to assess MK-4827, radiation and combination thereof in four neuroblastoma cell lines. In vivo efficacy was tested in a murine xenograft model of metastatic neuroblastoma.

Opening up the window into "chemobrain": a neuroimaging review.

As more chemotherapy-treated cancer patients are reaching survivorship, side-effects such as cognitive impairment warrant research attention. The advent of neuroimaging has helped uncover a neural basis for these deficits. This paper offers a review of neuroimaging investigations in chemotherapy-treated adult cancer patients, discussing the benefits and limitations of each technique and study design.