Green materials in semiconductors: perspective from the IRDS Beyond-CMOS roadmap.

Environmental, Safety, Health, and Sustainability (ESHS) have become an indispensable issue in the semiconductor industry. The "Beyond CMOS" chapter of the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems(IRDS) roadmap introduces the concept of "Green materials", emphasizing their importance for maintaining sustainability in semiconductor manufacturing. We discuss the current trends of emerging architectures and devices in the perspective of "Green materials".

Hybrid combination of advanced oxidation process with membrane technology for wastewater treatment: gains and problems.

Over the past few decades, significant efforts have been dedicated to advancing technologies for the removal of micropollutants from water. Achieving complete pure water with a single treatment process is challenging and nearly impossible. One promising approach among various alternatives is adopting hybrid technology, which is considered as a win-win technology.

Exploring the Ascorbate Requirement of the 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases.

In humans, the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDDs) catalyze hydroxylation reactions involved in cell metabolism, the biosynthesis of small molecules, DNA and RNA demethylation, the hypoxic response and the formation of collagen. The reaction is catalyzed by a highly oxidizing ferryl-oxo species produced when the active site non-heme iron engages molecular oxygen. Enzyme activity is specifically stimulated by l-ascorbic acid (ascorbate, vitamin C), an effect not well mimicked by other reducing agents.

Scant Evidence for Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Particle-Bound Benzotriazole Ultraviolet Stabilizers.

Despite benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BT-UVs) being widely used since the 1960s, few empirical data on their atmospheric presence exist. UV-328 was added to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, based in part on model calculations indicating atmospheric long-range transport potential. We investigated the atmospheric occurrence of BT-UVs at multiple sites that differ greatly in their proximity to potential sources.

A π-Extended AIE Platform for Pattern Recognition of Glycosaminoglycans.

Accurate discrimination of complicated glycosaminoglycans is a challenging but meaningful task for ensuring their safe use in clinics. With the purpose of reducing the production cost of sensor arrays for glycosaminoglycans, three fluorescence turn-on sensors named , , and were readily synthesized by simple alkylation of the pyridyl units of the π-extended AIEgen, namely, tetra-(4-pyridylphenyl) ethylene. The designed sensors are cross-reactive toward tested glycosaminoglycans including heparin, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and dextran sulfate, whose mechanism could be ascribed to the multivalent electrostatic, CH···π, and hydrophobic interactions between the sensors and different glycosaminoglycans to form corresponding fluorescent aggregates.

Six-month Rituximab-Lenalidomide regimen in advanced untreated Follicular Lymphoma: SAKK 35/10 Trial 10-year Update.

The Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK) and the Nordic Lymphoma Group (NLG) conducted the SAKK 35/10 randomized phase-2 trial (NCT0137605) to compare rituximab (R) alone versus R plus lenalidomide (L) as initial treatment for follicular lymphoma (FL). Patients with grade 1-3a FL, requiring systemic therapy, were randomized to either R (n=77; 375 mg/m2 IV x 1, weeks 1-4) or RL (n=77; R on the same schedule and L at 15 mg daily continuously). Responders (evaluated at 10 weeks) repeated R during weeks 12-15 with or without L (for a total of 18 weeks).

Impact of Vein-to-vein Time in Patients With R/R LBCL Treated With Axicabtagene Ciloleucel.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell products axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel), tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel), and lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) are approved for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (R/R LBCL). Emerging evidence indicates that delayed CAR T-cell infusion, including prolonged time from leukapheresis to infusion, known as vein-to-vein time (V2Vt), may adversely impact clinical outcomes. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) and meta-analysis to identify differences in V2Vt in patients with R/R LBCL treated with axi-cel, tisa-cel, or liso-cel.

Serial Total Bile Acid Measurements in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy.

Although peak serum total bile acid (TBA) levels guide management of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), whether ICP progresses in severity and when or how to assess bile acid levels serially remains unclear. We conducted a secondary analysis of a single-institution retrospective cohort study to assess bile acid trends across pregnancy among individuals diagnosed with ICP and to evaluate whether there was progression to higher ICP severity. We defined ICP severity as mild (peak TBA less than 40 micromol/L), moderate (peak TBA between 40 and 100 micromol/L), or severe (peak TBA 100 micromol/L or greater).

MRD-guided zanubrutinib, venetoclax and obinutuzumab in relapsed CLL: primary endpoint analysis from the CLL2-BZAG trial.

The phase 2 CLL2-BZAG trial tested a measurable residual disease (MRD)-guided combination treatment of zanubrutinib, venetoclax and obinutuzumab after an optional bendamustine debulking in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL. In total, 42 patients were enrolled and two patients with ≤2 induction cycles were excluded from the analysis population per protocol. Patients had a median of one prior therapy (range 1-5), 18 patients (45%) had already received a BTK inhibitor (BTKi), seven patients (17.

A Model of Zymogen Factor XII: Insights into Protease Activation.

In plasma, the zymogens factor XII (FXII) and prekallikrein reciprocally convert each other to the proteases FXIIa and plasma kallikrein (PKa). PKa cleaves high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK) to release bradykinin, which contributes to regulation of blood vessel tone and permeability. Plasma FXII is normally in a "closed" conformation that limits activation by PKa.

Parental Experiences of Administering Pediatric for Sleep and Appetite in Early School-Aged Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Qualitative Study in Hong Kong.

Background: Previous research suggested that parent-administered pediatric tuina could improve symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), such as sleep quality and appetite.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of parents administering pediatric tuina to school-aged children with ADHD in Hong Kong.

Methods: This qualitative study was embedded in a pilot randomized controlled trial on parent-administered pediatric tuina for improving sleep and appetite in school-aged children diagnosed with ADHD.

Breaking Barriers with Data Equity: The Essential Role of Data Disaggregation in Achieving Health Equity.

Achieving health equity necessitates high-quality data to address disparities that have remained stagnant or even worsened over time despite public health interventions. Data disaggregation, the breakdown of data into detailed subcategories, is crucial in health disparities research. It reveals and contextualizes hidden trends and patterns about marginalized populations and guides resource allocation and program development for specific needs in these populations.

Increasing Access to Mental Health Supports for 18- to 25-Year-Old Indigenous Youth With the JoyPop Mobile Mental Health App: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Transitional-aged youth have a high burden of mental health difficulties in Canada, with Indigenous youth, in particular, experiencing additional circumstances that challenge their well-being. Mobile health (mHealth) approaches hold promise for supporting individuals in areas with less access to services such as Northern Ontario.

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the JoyPop app in increasing emotion regulation skills for Indigenous transitional-aged youth (aged 18-25 years) on a waitlist for mental health services when compared with usual practice (UP).

The Research Agenda for Perinatal Innovation and Digital Health Project: Human-Centered Approach to Multipartner Research Agenda Codevelopment.

Background: Digital health innovations provide an opportunity to improve access to care, information, and quality of care during the perinatal period, a critical period of health for mothers and infants. However, research to develop perinatal digital health solutions needs to be informed by actual patient and health system needs in order to optimize implementation, adoption, and sustainability.

Objective: Our aim was to co-design a research agenda with defined research priorities that reflected health system realities and patient needs.

Designing Health Recommender Systems to Promote Health Equity: A Socioecological Perspective.

Health recommender systems (HRS) have the capability to improve human-centered care and prevention by personalizing content, such as health interventions or health information. HRS, an emerging and developing field, can play a unique role in the digital health field as they can offer relevant recommendations, not only based on what users themselves prefer and may be receptive to, but also using data about wider spheres of influence over human behavior, including peers, families, communities, and societies. We identify and discuss how HRS could play a unique role in decreasing health inequities.

Relationship Among Macronutrients, Dietary Components, and Objective Sleep Variables Measured by Smartphone Apps: Real-World Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Few studies have explored the relationship between macronutrient intake and sleep outcomes using daily data from mobile apps.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between macronutrients, dietary components, and sleep parameters, considering their interdependencies.

Methods: We analyzed data from 4825 users of the Pokémon Sleep and Asken smartphone apps, each used for at least 7 days to record objective sleep parameters and dietary components, respectively.

At least four groups of kratom consumers in the United States: latent-class analysis of motivations for kratom use.

Kratom is a plant with alkaloids acting at opioid, serotonergic, adrenergic, and other receptors. Consumers report numerous use motivations. To distinguish subgroups of kratom consumers by kratom-use motivations using latent-class analysis.

Co-Designing a Digital Brief Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Prescription Opioid-Related Harm Among People With Chronic Noncancer Pain: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Lived Experiences.

Background: Opioid medications are important for pain management, but many patients progress to unsafe medication use. With few personalized and accessible behavioral treatment options to reduce potential opioid-related harm, new and innovative patient-centered approaches are urgently needed to fill this gap.

Objective: This study involved the first phase of co-designing a digital brief intervention to reduce the risk of opioid-related harm by investigating the lived experience of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) in treatment-seeking patients, with a particular focus on opioid therapy experiences.

Human-Centered Design of an mHealth Tool for Optimizing HIV Index Testing in Wartime Ukraine: Formative Research Case Study.

Background: Assisted partner services (APSs; sometimes called index testing) are now being brought to scale as a high-yield HIV testing strategy in many nations. However, the success of APSs is often hampered by low levels of partner elicitation. The Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (CASI)-Plus study sought to develop and test a mobile health (mHealth) tool to increase the elicitation of sexual and needle-sharing partners among persons with newly diagnosed HIV.

User-Oriented Requirements for Artificial Intelligence-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems in Sepsis: Protocol for a Multimethod Research Project.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have been developed for several diseases. However, despite the potential to improve the quality of care and thereby positively impact patient-relevant outcomes, the majority of AI-based CDSS have not been adopted in standard care. Possible reasons for this include barriers in the implementation and a nonuser-oriented development approach, resulting in reduced user acceptance.

Families' Experiences With Family-Focused Web-Based Interventions for Improving Health: Qualitative Systematic Literature Review.

Background: eHealth interventions can favorably impact health outcomes and encourage health-promoting behaviors in children. More insight is needed from the perspective of children and their families regarding eHealth interventions, including features influencing program effectiveness.

Objective: This review aimed to explore families' experiences with family-focused web-based interventions for improving health.

Role of Superlattice Phonons in Charge Localization Across Quantum Dot Arrays.

Understanding charge transport in semiconductor quantum dot (QD) assemblies is important for developing the next generation of solar cells and light-harvesting devices based on QD technology. One of the key factors that governs the transport in such systems is related to the hybridization between the QDs. Recent experiments have successfully synthesized QD molecules, arrays, and assemblies by directly fusing the QDs, with enhanced hybridization leading to high carrier mobilities and coherent band-like electronic transport.

Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education From 2000 to 2024: Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into medical education has gained significant attention for its potential to enhance teaching and learning outcomes. However, it lacks a comprehensive study depicting the academic performance and status of AI in the medical education domain.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the social patterns, productive contributors, knowledge structure, and clusters since the 21st century.

Examining how support persons' buprenorphine attitudes and their communication about substance use impacts patient well-being.

While social support benefits those in treatment for opioid use disorder, it is unclear how social support impacts patient outcomes. This study examines how support person attitudes toward buprenorphine and their communication about substance use are associated with the well-being of patients receiving buprenorphine treatment. We analyzed cross-sectional baseline data from 219 buprenorphine patients (40% female) and their support persons (72% female).