World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guideline update - XI - Milk supplement/replacement formulas for infants and toddlers with CMA - Systematic review.

Background: Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most complex and common food allergy in infants. Elimination of cow's milk from the diet and replacement with a specialized formula for infants with cow's milk allergy who cannot be breastfed is an established approach to minimize the risk of severe allergic reactions while avoiding nutritional deficiencies. Given the availability of multiple options, such as extensively hydrolyzed cow's milk-based formula (eHF-CM), aminoacid formula (AAF), hydrolyzed rice formula (HRF), and soy formula (SF), there is some uncertainty regarding which formula might represent the most suitable choice with respect to health outcomes.

World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guidelines update - XVI - Nutritional management of cow's milk allergy.

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common presentations of food allergy in early childhood. Management of CMA involves individualized avoidance of cow's milk and other mammalian milk and foods containing these. Optimal elimination of cow's milk avoidance includes: label reading; information about safe and nutritious substitute foods; appropriate choice of infant formula or a plant-based food; establishing tolerance to baked milk and monitoring nutritional intake and growth.

Endograft Collapse after Standard Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Implantation: A Report of Two Cases.

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has emerged as the preferred treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), offering advantages such as reduced mortality, faster recovery, and fewer complications compared to open repair (OR). However, concerns persist regarding long-term durability, and the need for reinterventions. Among all reported EVAR complications, endograft collapse poses a significant challenge, particularly when presenting with acute lower limb ischemia (ALI).

World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guideline update - XII - Recommendations on milk formula supplements with and without probiotics for infants and toddlers with CMA.

Background: Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most common food allergy in infants. The replacement with specialized formulas is an established clinical approach to ensure adequate growth and minimize the risk of severe allergic reactions when breastfeeding is not possible. Still, given the availability of multiple options, such as extensively hydrolyzed cow's milk protein formula (eHF-CM), amino acid formula (AAF), hydrolyzed rice formula (HRF) and soy formulas (SF), there is some uncertainty as to the most suitable choice with respect to health outcomes.

World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guidelines update - X - Breastfeeding a baby with cow's milk allergy.

Cow's milk allergy is rare in exclusively breastfed infants. To support the continuation of breastfeeding an infant after diagnosis with a cow's milk allergy, it is critical to examine the evidence for and against any form of cow's milk elimination diet for lactating mothers. In this narrative review, we highlight the lack of high-quality evidence, hence subsequent controversy, regarding whether the minuscule quantities of cow's milk proteins detectable in human milk cause infant cow's milk allergy symptoms.

Sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: The impact of different MSISQ-19 cut-offs on prevalence and associated risk factors.

Background: Although multiple sclerosis (MS) Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 (MSISQ-19) is a widely applied tool, no unique definition of sexual dysfunction (SD) based on its score exists.

Objective: To explore the impact of different MSISQ-19 cut-offs on SD prevalence and associated risk factors, providing relevant information for its application in research and clinical settings.

Methods: After defining SD according to two different MSISQ-19 cut-offs in 1155 people with MS (pwMS), we evaluated SD prevalence and association with sociodemographic and clinical features, mood status and disability via logistic regression.

Sexual Dysfunction in People with Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Disease Severity, Illness Perception, and Depression.

Despite being a common issue in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), sexual dysfunction is still underinvestigated. This work aims to assess the potential determinants of sexual dysfunction in pwMS by considering its relationship with disease severity (in terms of global disability), illness perception, and depressive symptoms. In this multicenter study, 1010 pwMS responded to an online survey.

World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) Guideline update - XIV - Recommendations on CMA immunotherapy.

Background: The prevalence of cow's milk allergy (CMA) is approximately 2-4.5% in infants and less than 0.5% in adults.

Effects of Sorafenib, a Tyrosin Kinase Inhibitor, on Adrenocortical Cancer.

The lack of an effective medical treatment for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has prompted the search for better treatment protocols for ACC neoplasms. Sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor has exhibited effectiveness in the treatment of different human tumors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand the mechanism through which sorafenib acts on ACC, especially since treatment with sorafenib alone is sometimes unable to induce a long-lasting antiproliferative effect in this tumor type.

Cutaneous manifestation during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, causing COVID-19, is rapidly spread across the world, by posing novel challenges for all physicians. Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 may be present in 20% of patients, but they are still now poorly characterized.

Methods: We search literature to describe all the various cutaneous manifestation observed during COVID-19 pandemic.

Nanoporous Microsponge Particles (NMP) of Polysaccharides as Universal Carriers for Biomolecules Delivery.

Different polysaccharides-namely dextran, carboxymethyl dextran, alginate, and hyaluronic acid-were compared for the synthesis of nanoporous microsponges particles (NMPs) obtained from a one-pot self-precipitation/cross-linking process. The morphologies and sizes of the NMPs were evaluated comparatively with respect to polymer-to-polymer and cross-linker solvents (water-based vs. DMSO).

Antineoplastic Effect of a Combined Mitotane Treatment/Ionizing Radiation in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Preclinical Study.

Mitotane (MTT) is an adrenolytic drug used in adjuvant and advanced treatments of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Ionizing radiation (IR) is also used in adrenal cancer treatment, even though its biological action remains unknown. To provide a reliable in vivo preclinical model of ACC, we used mouse xenografts bearing human ACC to test the effects of MTT and IR alone and in combination.

Atopic Dermatitis Phenotypes in Preschool and School-Age Children: A Latent Class Analysis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in childhood. Few data are available about AD phenotypes and their nationwide distribution.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study involving some of the main Italian pediatric allergy centers from 9 Italian cities.

Current therapeutic paradigm in pediatric atopic dermatitis: Practical guidance from a national expert panel.

Introduction And Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common cutaneous inflammatory disease in both adults and children. Although emerging therapeutic approaches are being investigated for the management of pediatric AD, it still needs to be managed with conventional treatments. This consensus document is aimed at providing an update on general management and therapies of pediatric AD, defining practical recommendations for using both topical and systemic agents.

The global impact of the DRACMA guidelines cow's milk allergy clinical practice.

Background: The 2010 Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guidelines are the only Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines for cow's milk allergy (CMA). They indicate oral food challenge (OFC) as the reference test for diagnosis, and suggest the choice of specific alternative formula in different clinical conditions. Their recommendations are flexible, both in diagnosis and in treatment.

Long-term treatment with low-dose medicine in chronic childhood eczema: a double-blind two-stage randomized control trial.

Background: The efficacy of low-dose medicine (LDM) in childhood mild/moderate eczema is not known. We conducted a double-blind, two-stage, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, lasting 23 months, to address this issue.

Method: Eighty children with chronic mild/moderate eczema were randomly allocated to Group A (placebo) or Group B (treatment group; Galium-Heel®, a low-dose multicomponent medicine based upon natural substances; Guna-Interleukin 12 and Guna-Interferon-γ administered twice a day for six non-consecutive months for each stage).

Consensus Conference on Clinical Management of pediatric Atopic Dermatitis.

The Italian Consensus Conference on clinical management of atopic dermatitis in children reflects the best and most recent scientific evidence, with the aim to provide specialists with a useful tool for managing this common, but complex clinical condition. Thanks to the contribution of experts in the field and members of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology (SIAIP) and the Italian Society of Pediatric Dermatology (SIDerP), this Consensus statement integrates the basic principles of the most recent guidelines for the management of atopic dermatitis to facilitate a practical approach to the disease. The therapeutical approach should be adapted to the clinical severity and requires a tailored strategy to ensure good compliance by children and their parents.

GPER agonist G-1 decreases adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) cell growth in vitro and in vivo.

We have previously demonstrated that estrogen receptor (ER) alpha (ESR1) increases proliferation of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) through both an estrogen-dependent and -independent (induced by IGF-II/IGF1R pathways) manner. Then, the use of tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), appears effective in reducing ACC growth in vitro and in vivo. However, tamoxifen not only exerts antiestrogenic activity, but also acts as full agonist on the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER).

Serum Vitamin D levels and Vitamin D supplementation do not correlate with the severity of chronic eczema in children.

Background: Eczema is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases, affecting about 20% of children. The pathogenic mechanisms of eczema are still not fully understood, and current treatment of moderate-severe eczema is often difficult. Recently, it has been suggested that Vitamin D plays a key role in this disease, even if mechanisms are only partially known.

Microbiota in healthy skin and in atopic eczema.

The Italian interest group (IG) on atopic eczema and urticaria is member of the Italian Society of Allergology and Immunology. The aim of our IG is to provide a platform for scientists, clinicians, and experts. In this review we discuss the role of skin microbiota not only in healthy skin but also in skin suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD).

Skin prick test: the only predictive tool of anaphylaxis? A case report.

Currently, in the literature there is a lack of definite predictive values parameters to identify patients with the risk to develop anaphylaxis. The controlled oral food challenge remains the gold standard for food allergy diagnosis. We report a case of a girl allergic to cow's milk with low levels of specific IgE and large skin prick test wheal sizes for cow's milk.

Oral food desensitization in children with IgE-mediated hen's egg allergy: a new protocol with raw hen's egg.

Background: Hen's egg allergy affects young children and can cause severe allergic reactions. Avoidance results in dietary limitations and can affect the quality of life, especially in cases where potentially life-threatening reactions exist. Our objective was to desensitize children with moderate-severe IgE-mediated hen's egg allergy over a 6-month period, by introducing increasing and very gradual daily doses of raw hen's egg in order to enable the children to assume 25ml of this food, or to induce tolerance to the highest possible dose.

Intrafollicular concentration of adrenomedullin is associated with IVF outcome.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that serum or intrafollicular concentrations of adrenomedullin (AM) would correlate with reproductive outcomes in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles.

Design: Serum and follicular fluid samples were collected during transvaginal oocyte retrieval. The follicular fluid was individually aspirated, and the presence of oocyte was recorded.