Association between periodontitis, periodontopathogens and preterm birth: is it real?

Purpose: To identify the association between periodontitis and periodontal pathogens with preterm birth despite the strict control of some important confounders, such as infectious processes and criteria for diagnosis of periodontitis during pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study were included 70 healthy puerperal women between 20 and 35 years without a history of genitourinary infections during pregnancy. Based on the gestational age they were divided into two groups: 45 with term birth (>37 weeks) and 25 with preterm birth (<37 weeks).

Sensory Neuropeptides and Endogenous Opioids Expression in Human Dental Pulp with Asymptomatic Inflammation: In Vivo Study.

Purpose: This study quantified the expression of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), β-endorphins (β-End), and methionine-enkephalin (Met-Enk) in human dental pulp following orthodontic intrusion.

Methods: Eight patients were selected according to preestablished inclusion criteria. From each patient, two premolars (indicated for extraction due to orthodontic reasons) were randomly assigned to two different groups: the asymptomatic inflammation group (EXPg), which would undergo controlled intrusive force for seven days, and the control group (CTRg), which was used to determine the basal levels of each substance.

Resin luting materials: Tissue response in dog's teeth.

The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographically and histologically the pulpal and periapical response to self-adhesive (Rely X™ Unicem) and self-etching and self-curing (Multilink(®)) resin-based luting materials in deep cavities in dogs' teeth. Deep class V cavities (0.5-mm-thick dentin) were prepared in 60 canine premolars and the following materials were applied on cavity floor: Groups I/V-RelyX™ Unicem; Groups II/VI-Multilink(®); Groups III/VII-zinc phosphate cement (control) and; Groups IV/VIII-gutta-percha (control).

Dental Considerations in Children with Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (Favism): A Review of the Literature and Case Report.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an uncommon inherited enzyme deficiency characterized by hemolytic anemia, caused by the inability of erythrocytes to detoxify oxidizing agents such as drugs, infectious diseases, or fava bean ingestion. In this later case, the disorder is known as favism. The aim of the present report was to present a review of the literature in this disease, to describe a case report concerning an affected 9-year-old male, and to review the main implications and precautions in pediatric dental management.

Dentist attitudes and responsibilities concerning child sexual abuse. A review and a case report.

According to the World Health Organization, child abuse and neglect is "every kind of physical, sexual, emotional abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, commercial or other exploitation resulting in actual or potential harm to the child's health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power". The aim of the present report is to inform about the most relevant aspects of child abuse and the characteristics of injuries to the head, neck, and orofacial regions, in addition to the suggested role of, and management by, the dentist for the evaluation of this condition, and also for reporting a case of a physically and sexually abused girl aged 5 years 8 months. Throughout the appointments, some type of abuse in this patient was suspected by the treating dentists at the clinic, mainly due to the initial behavior exhibited by the patient in the dental chair.

Efficacy of mepivacaine-tramadol combination on the success of inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial.

Aim: To compare the success of an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) after injecting a combination of mepivacaine and tramadol or mepivacaine alone in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) in mandibular permanent molars.

Methodology: This study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Two study groups were selected, each consisting of 28 patients who exhibited SIP on the first or second mandibular molars.

Molecular identification and antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from primary dentition infections.

Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a health problem in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to identify bacteria from dental infections and determine bacterial resistance to antibiotics used in dental care in the primary dentition.

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 60 children who presented for dental treatment for active dental infections in the primary dentition.

Three kinds of cysts in the same patient.

An 18-year-old male patient presented with a swelling in the neck with presumptive diagnosis of epidermal cyst (EC) that was enucleated, histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Four years later the patient presented with another swelling with similar clinical features. It was located on the midline of the neck at the hyoid bone.

Photoinitiators in dentistry: a review.

Polymerization of Resin Based Composites (RBCs) initiated by a light curing unit activating photoinitiators. Different RBCs require different light energy levels for proper curing. Manufacturers are now producing RBCs with more than one initiator and not all of these will be properly polymerised with blue LED lights.

Predictive values of thermal and electrical dental pulp tests: a clinical study.

Introduction: For a diagnostic test to be useful, it is necessary to determine the probability that the test will provide the correct diagnosis. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the predictive value of diagnostics. The aim of the present study was to identify the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, and reproducibility of thermal and electrical tests of pulp sensitivity.

Characterization of periodontal biofilm in Down syndrome patients: a comparative study.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to characterize the main periodontal bacterial species in Down syndrome (DS) patients with and without periodontitis.

Method: This cross-sectional study involved 75 DS patients, 45 with and 30 without periodontitis. Informed consent, health and dental questionnaires and periodontitis diagnosis were performed PCR and LAMP assays were performed on subgingival dental plaque sample.

Effectiveness of bonding resin-based composite to healthy and fluorotic enamel using total-etch and two self-etch adhesive systems.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of three adhesive systems: Excite™, Adper Prompt L-Pop™ and AdheSE One™ to varying degrees of fluorotic enamel using micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) tests. Human enamel was classified according to the Thylstrup and Fejerskov Index. The interface resin-enamel was observed using stereoscopic and electron microscopy.

Association between caries, obesity and insulin resistance in Mexican adolescents.

Aim: To determine the association among dental caries, obesity and insulin resistance in Mexican adolescents.

Methods: Body mass index, obesity (OB) blood pressure, insulin level, insulin resistance (IR), triglycerides level, serum HDL-cholesterol (cHDL), DMFT index and salivary flow were measured.

Results: Anthropometric measures showed a significant statistical difference (p < 0.

Shear bond strength evaluation of bonded molar tubes on fluorotic molars.

Objective: To study the shear bond strength (SBS), sites of failure, and micromorphology of bonded molar tubes used on teeth affected by dental fluorosis.

Materials And Methods: This in vitro study included 140 first molars classified according to Dean's index for dental fluorosis. Samples were divided into seven groups: (1) healthy teeth etched for 15 seconds, (2) teeth with moderate fluorosis (MOF) etched for 15 seconds, (3) teeth with MOF etched for 150 seconds, (4) teeth with MOF microabrasion etched for 15 seconds, (5) teeth with severe fluorosis (SEF) etched for 15 seconds, (6) teeth with SEF etched for 150 seconds, and (7) teeth with SEF microabrasion etched for 15 seconds.

Enamel roughness and depth profile after phosphoric acid etching of healthy and fluorotic enamel.

Background: Dental fluorosis requires aesthetic treatment to improve appearance and etching of enamel surfaces with phosphoric acid is a key step for adhesive restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate surface roughness and a depth profile in healthy and fluorotic enamel before and after phosphoric acid etching at 15, 30 and 60 seconds.

Methods: One hundred and sixty enamel samples from third molars with no fluorosis to severe fluorosis were evaluated by atomic force microscopy.

Analysis of the molecular structure of human enamel with fluorosis using micro-Raman spectroscopy.

The aim of this study was to analyze the molecular structure of enamel with fluorosis using micro-Raman spectroscopy and compare it with that of healthy enamel. Eighty extracted human molars were classified into four fluorosis groups according to the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TFI) [TFI: 0, Healthy enamel; 1-3, mild; 4-5, moderate; 6-9, severe fluorosis]. All samples were analyzed by micro-Raman spectroscopy.

Nanostructure evaluation of healthy and fluorotic dentin by atomic force microscopy before and after phosphoric acid etching.

The aim was to characterize by atomic force microscopy (AFM) the nanostructure of human dentin surfaces affected by dental fluorosis (DF) before and after phosphoric acid etching. This study included 240 human dentin samples classified according to the severity of DF, which were divided into four groups using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TFI). Samples were analyzed by AFM before and after acid etching for 15, 30, and 60 s.

Preliminary study of the inflammatory response to subcutaneous implantation of three root canal sealers.

Aim: To evaluate the kinetics of the inflammatory tissue response to three root canal sealers using a physicochemical method for quantification of the enhanced vascular permeability and histopathological analysis.

Methodology: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats randomly assigned to four groups according to the evaluation periods (1, 3, 7 and 14 days) were used to assess the vascular permeability and histopathological reaction to RoekoSeal, AH Plus and Sealapex (new formulation) sealers, using saline and Chloropercha as negative and positive controls, respectively. Seven rats were sacrificed per period.

Characterization of healthy and fluorotic enamel by atomic force microscopy.

The aim was to characterize the external structure, roughness, and absolute depth profile (ADP) of fluorotic enamel compared with healthy enamel. Eighty extracted human molars were classified into four groups [TFI: 0, control (C); 1-3, mild (MI); 4-5, moderate (MO); 6-9, severe fluorosis (S)] according to the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TFI). All samples were analyzed by atomic force microscopy.

Dental treatment under general anesthesia in healthy and medically compromised developmentally disabled children: a comparative study.

Aim: To compare the type, number of procedures and working time of dental treatment provided under dental general anesthesia (DGA) in healthy and medically compromised/developmentally disabled children (MCDD children).

Design: This cross-sectional prospective study involved 80 children divided into two groups of 40 children each. Group 1 consisted of healthy and Group 2 consisted of MCDD children.

Detection of periodontal bacterial DNA in serum and synovial fluid in refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Aim: To identify periodontal bacterial DNA (PBDNA) by PCR in subgingival dental plaque (SDP), serum and synovial fluid (SF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with periodontal disease (PD) patients and to explore the possible PBDNA transport pathways from mouth to joints.

Methods: This cross-sectional prolective study involved 19 subjects with RA and PD. Informed consent, health and dental questionnaires were obtained.

Atomic force microscopy observation of the enamel roughness and depth profile after phosphoric acid etching.

The aim was to compare the enamel surface roughness (ESR) and absolute depth profile (ADP) (mean peak-to-valley height) by atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after using four different phosphoric acids. A total of 160 enamel samples from 40 upper premolars were prepared. The inclusion criterion was that the teeth have healthy enamel.

Distribution of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in saliva of Mexican preschool caries-free and caries-active children by microbial and molecular (PCR) assays.

The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of mutans streptococci (MS) infection of caries-free (CF) and caries-active (CA) preschool Mexican children by microbial and molecular assays. Eighty preschool children were divided into two groups, 40 CF and 40 CA children. Saliva samples were inoculated onto MSB to identify CFU and DNA extractions were tested by PCR.