Weight change and cardiovascular disease incidence in breast cancer survivors: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Breast cancer survivors (BCS) face a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to treatment-related cardiotoxicity and pre-existing conditions. We investigated how post-diagnosis weight changes and obesity impact CVD risk in this population.

Method: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database (2010-2019), BCS without previous history of CVD were enrolled.

Cross-sectional study of lung cancer patients as a potential high-risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more common in Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Considering that ruptured AAA is potentially fatal, timely management of AAA would result in long-term survival benefits. We assess the prevalence and characteristics of AAA in resectable NSCLC patients who would benefit from AAA surveillance.

Abdominal Obesity Increases the Risk for Depression by Sex: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea.

Objective: Previous studies have investigated obesity and appetite changes in patients with depression, which consisted of a small age range of adults and used body mass index rather than abdominal obesity. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between abdominal obesity and the risk of depression by sex and age groups.

Methods: This study utilized the National Health Insurance Sharing Service (NHISS) database of South Korea, which includes those over 20 years old and who had undergone a health examination in 2009 and their claims data between 2009 and 2018.

Prognostic Accuracy of ypTNM Stage in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer in the Era of Modern Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Background: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition TNM staging manual, which provided ypTNM for patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), has not been comparatively assessed against pTNM for prognosis in pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to compare the prognosis between ypTNM and pTNM stages.

Patients And Methods: Clinicopathological data from 586 patients who underwent pancreatic cancer surgery at a tertiary center between 2018 and 2022 were analyzed to compare survival outcomes between ypTNM and pTNM stages and identify prognostic factors.

Study Protocol of the Korean EGFR Registry: A Multicenter Prospective and Retrospective Cohort Study in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Patients With EGFR Mutation.

Introduction: The provision of treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has increased in Korea. However, multicenter studies on the clinicopathologic dataset and treatment outcomes, using a large-scale dataset, have not been conducted. The current study is a prospective and retrospective multicenter observational cohort study that registers all stages of EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.

Midterm Functional Outcomes After Retear of an Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Propensity Score-Matched Comparative Study.

Background: Studies are still limited on the isolated effect of retear after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) on functional outcomes after the midterm period.

Purpose: To assess the effect of retear at midterm follow-up after ARCR and to identify factors associated with the need for revision surgery.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

A Novel RAGE Modulator Induces Soluble RAGE to Reduce BACE1 Expression in Alzheimer's Disease.

β-secretase (BACE1) is instrumental in amyloid-β (Aβ) production, with overexpression noted in Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology. The interaction of Aβ with the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) facilitates cerebral uptake of Aβ and exacerbates its neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation, further augmenting BACE1 expression. Given the limitations of previous BACE1 inhibition efforts, the study explores reducing BACE1 expression to mitigate AD pathology.

Susceptibility map-weighted MRI can distinguish tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease from essential tremor.

Distinguishing between Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) can be challenging sometimes. Although positron emission tomography can confirm PD diagnosis, its application is limited by high cost and exposure to radioactive isotopes. Patients with PD exhibit loss of the dorsal nigral hyperintensity on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Amivantamab Plus Lazertinib in Patients With EGFR-mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) After Progression on Osimertinib and Platinum-based Chemotherapy: Results From CHRYSALIS-2 Cohort A.

Introduction: Treatment options for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with disease progression on/after osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy are limited.

Methods: CHRYSALIS-2 Cohort A evaluated amivantamab+lazertinib in patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion- or L858R-mutated NSCLC with disease progression on/after osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy. Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR).

Improved Glycemic Control in Insulin-Treated Individuals With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Through Combined Structured Education With Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

Background: We evaluated the efficacy of structured individualized education combined with real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM, Dexcom G6) in improving glycemic outcomes in insulin-treated adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This multicenter, 16-week, single-arm study included 66 adults with T2D (multiple daily insulin [MDI]: 33; basal insulin: 33) with a ≥7.8%.

Elevated IL-17A-Secreting Regulatory T Cells in Sinonasal Tissues of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

During nasal polyp (NP) development, activated T cells differentiate into T helper (Th) 1, Th2, and Th17 cells. Additionally, regulatory T cells (Tregs) that have an immune suppressive function are involved in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP (CRSwNP). Tregs can act as effector cells that produce inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-17A.

Comparison of Effects on 6-Thioguanine Nucleotides According to Mesalazine Formulation in Pediatric Patients with Ulcerative Colitis.

Purpose: Mesalazine and thiopurines are important therapeutic agents for pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Mesalazine, which may be administered in different forms depending on delivery mechanisms, can affect thiopurine metabolism, leading to increased 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGN) levels. Therefore, when using these two drugs simultaneously, their interactions must be considered.

Impact of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization on Clinical Characteristics, Antibiotic Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia.

Purpose: To determine effects of colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) in general wards on characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with HAP admitted to 16 tertiary or university hospitals in Korea from July 2019 to December 2019. From the entire cohort, patients who developed pneumonia in general wards with known colonization status before the onset of pneumonia were included in this study.

Survey of the Actual Practices Used for Endoscopic Removal of Colon Polyps in Korea: A Comparison with the Current Guidelines.

Background/aims: We investigated the clinical practice patterns of Korean endoscopists for the endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps.

Methods: From September to November 2021, an online survey was conducted regarding the preferred resection methods for colorectal polyps, and responses were compared with the international guidelines.

Results: Among 246 respondents, those with <4 years, 4-9 years, and ≥10 years of experience in colonoscopy practices accounted for 25.

Reinforcing treatment and evaluation workflow of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for refractory ventricular tachycardia.

Purpose: Cardiac radioablation is a novel, non-invasive treatment for ventricular tachycardia (VT), involving a single fractional stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) session with a prescribed dose of 25 Gy. This complex procedure requires a detailed workflow and stringent dose constraints compared to conventional radiation therapy. This study aims to establish a consistent institutional workflow for single-fraction cardiac VT-SABR, emphasizing robust plan evaluation and quality assurance.

Prognostic value of [F]FDG PET/CT in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

The study investigates the prognostic value of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A total of 346 IPF patients who underwent FDG PET/CT between 2007 and 2020 were analyzed. Pulmonary FDG uptake [target to background ratio (TBR)] was binarized by optimal cut-off value based on survival analysis.

Association between genetically predicted leisure and social activities and cardiovascular disease and other health outcomes.

Participation in leisure and social activities (LSA) is associated with better health outcomes and lower mortality. Previous observational studies demonstrated a relationship between engagement in LSA and both mental and physical health. Although several studies examined the association between LSA and health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, their possible causal relationship has not been studied.

Clinical and microbiological analyses of colistin-resistant strains among carbapenem-resistant complex clinical isolates.

Carbapenem-resistant complex (CR-ECC), which is rapidly increasing as the cause of nosocomial infections, has limited treatment options. The aim of this study is to investigate the microbiological and clinical traits and molecular epidemiology of isolates of CR-ECC and provide guidance for antibiotic selection in clinical practice. Clinical CR-ECC isolates (ertapenem MIC ≥ 2 mg/L) were collected from 2021 to 2022.

Prognostic Value of Retinoblastoma in Small Intestinal Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: The retinoblastoma (RB) protein which is encoded by gene selectively provides a cell type-specific function in malignancies. In colorectal carcinoma, RB has been highly expressed and related cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors have shown improved therapeutic effects in some patients. However, little is known about RB in small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIAC).