Comparisons of Medical Cost Trajectories Between Non-Hispanic Black and Non-Hispanic White Patients With Newly Diagnosed Localized Prostate Cancer.

Objectives: This study applied a recently developed statistical method to compare the mean cost trajectories between non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients with localized prostate cancer conditioning on patients' survival.

Methods: In this observational study, we modeled cost trajectories of NHW and NHB patients with localized prostate cancer for 3 survival durations: 24, 48, and 72 months. We also compared the cost trajectories between NHW and NHB, stratified by comorbidities scores.

Anxiolytic-like effects of an mGluR 5 antagonist and a mGluR 2/3 agonist, and antidepressant-like effects of an mGluR 7 agonist in the chick social separation stress test, a dual-drug screening model of treatment-resistant depression.

Modulation of glutamate receptors has demonstrated anxiolytic and/or antidepressant effects in rodent stress models. The chick social-separation stress paradigm exposes socially raised aves to an isolation stressor which elicits distress vocalizations (DVocs) in an attempt to re-establish contact. The model presents a state of panic during the first 5 min followed by a state of behavioral despair during the last 60 to 90 min.

An Open-Book Approach to Pelvic Dissection for the Male Genitourinary System.

Cadaveric dissections of the male pelvis are predominately conducted using either an anterior approach with the pelvis intact, or via pelvic hemi-section. The anterior approach leaves more tissue in-situ, but has limited visualization of retropubic structures, such as the prostate, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, and urethra. Hemi-section of the pelvis provides increased visualization at the expense of transecting midline structures.

Reappraising the evolutionary history of the largest known gecko, the presumably extinct Hoplodactylus delcourti, via high-throughput sequencing of archival DNA.

Hoplodactylus delcourti is a presumably extinct species of diplodactylid gecko known only from a single specimen of unknown provenance. It is by far the largest known gekkotan, approximately 50% longer than the next largest-known species. It has been considered a member of the New Zealand endemic genus Hoplodactylus based on external morphological features including shared toe pad structure.

Training Community Therapists in Core Elements of CBT and Family Therapy for Adolescent Externalizing Problems.

Objective: This pilot study tested pragmatic methods for training therapists in core techniques of two evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for adolescent externalizing problems: cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or family therapy (FT). Training methods were designed to help therapists accurately self-monitor their use of EBIs and increase delivery of EBIs with current clients. The study compared coder training only versus coder training plus fidelity-focused consultation.

Shewanella putrefaciens: A Critically Emerging Pathogen of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.

is a critically emerging cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). ​​​​​is an oxidase-positive, nonfermenting, hydrogen-sulfide-producing, gram-negative bacillus. Worldwide, there have been six reported cases of ​​​​​​pneumonia and two reported cases of VAP, both caused by ​​​​​.

Drug Addiction and Incarceration: A Call for Research and Transparency Among Prison-Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs.

As drug-related offense and illicit drug overdose rates continue to grow in the United States, criminologists have begun to pay more attention to factors influencing illicit drug use as well as effective methods of promoting drug abstinence in treatment programs across the nation. Although much scholarly attention is given to community-based substance abuse treatment programs, a considerably smaller focus of research is devoted to substance abuse treatment programs that are prison-based. Moreover, some of the most effective methods of treating inmates who are addicted to an illicit drug (such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Therapeutic Community, etc.

Managing risk and information asymmetry in cross-sector networks: The case of the West, Texas fertilizer plant explosion.

Technological hazards threaten public safety, and related risk cuts across jurisdictional boundaries, requiring a multiorganizational effort to mitigate. Yet, for those involved, ineffective risk recognition inhibits appropriate action. Using an embedded single-case study design, this article examines the 2013 West, Texas, fertilizer plant explosion and the networks of organizations responsible for disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, and response.

An Artificial Intelligence-Based Smartphone App for Assessing the Risk of Opioid Misuse in Working Populations Using Synthetic Data: Pilot Development Study.

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is an addiction crisis in the United States. As recent as 2019, more than 10 million people have misused or abused prescription opioids, making OUD one of the leading causes of accidental death in the United States. Workforces that are physically demanding and laborious in the transportation, construction and extraction, and health care industries are prime targets for OUD due to high-risk occupational activities.

Impact of Oral Phytozen EQ Supplementation on Plasma Cortisol and Behavior Responses of Young Horses Exposed to Stressful Stimuli.

Calming supplements are common in the equine industry. This study tested the hypothesis that Phytozen EQ, a blend of citrus botanical oils, magnesium, and yeast would reduce startle response as well as reduce behavioral and physiological signs of stress in young (1.5-6 years of age) horses (n = 14) when tied in isolation and when trailered in isolation.

Exposure to gun violence and handgun carrying from adolescence to adulthood.

Rationale: While empirical interest in understanding the mental health consequences surrounding gun violence has increased, currently there is much unknown about the long reach of childhood exposure to gun violence on handgun carrying across the life course.

Objective: The current study aims to evaluate the relations between witnessing gun violence before age 12 and subsequent handgun-carrying behavior from adolescence to adulthood in a nationally representative sample of U.S.

Unusual Vascular Distribution in the Third Segment of the Axillary Artery.

The third segment of the axillary artery (TSAA) is the main vascular supply to the muscles of the upper limb. Numerous studies have reported atypical branching patterns of the TSAA, which can complicate operative interventions involving structures supplied by this segment of the artery. Our current study evaluated a previously undescribed branching pattern in the TSAA, in which the subscapular artery gave rise to an unusual posterior humeral circumflex artery, and a second subscapular artery.

Impact of Long-Term Steroid Use on the Disposition of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Retrospective Nationwide Sample Analysis.

Background Chronic steroid use is debilitating to health, but, in some cases, it is necessary. We examined the effect of chronic steroid use on the discharge disposition of people undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods We queried the National Inpatient Sample Database (NIS) from 2016 to 2019.

The Sexome - A proof of concept study into microbial transfer between heterosexual couples after sexual intercourse.

The detection and recovery of male DNA post-assault is important in sexual assault investigations, particularly where an offender is unknown to the victim. The collection of DNA evidence often occurs when the female victim undergoes a forensic medical assessment. Analysis regularly results in mixed autosomal DNA profiles with both victim and perpetrator DNA, often making it difficult to interpret a male profile suitable for DNA database searching.

Using the Personality Assessment Inventory to Assess the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders: Criterion Validity in a Clinical Sample.

The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is a broadband measure of psychopathology that is widely used in applied settings. Researchers developed regression-based estimates that use the PAI to measure constructs of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) - a hybrid dimensional and categorical approach to conceptualizing personality disorders. Although prior work has linked these estimates to formal measures of the AMPD, there is little work investigating the clinical correlates of this scoring approach of the PAI.

Structure and Thermodynamic Hydricity in Cobalt(triphosphine)(monophosphine) Hydrides.

The mononuclear cobalt hydride complex [HCo(triphos)(PMe)], in which triphos = PhP(CHCHPPh), was synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography and by H and P NMR spectroscopy. The geometry of the compound is a distorted trigonal bipyramid in which the axial positions are occupied by the hydride and the central phosphorus atom of the triphos ligand, while the PMe and terminal triphos donor atoms occupy the equatorial positions. Protonation of [HCo(triphos)(PMe)] generates H and the Co(I) cation, [Co(triphos)(PMe)], and this reaction is reversible under an atmosphere of H when the proton source is weakly acidic.

Variation in cardiopulmonary restoration due to bodily posture post-submaximal exercise in collegiate athletes.

Background: The body's anatomical position can influence the autonomic response to return to homeostasis following high intensity exercise. Discrepancies exist as to which body position is considered optimal and practical. This study intends to examine three recovery positions post submaximal exercise to determine which body position would be the most efficient in terms of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and heart rate recovery.

Anatomical Correlation for Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma.

When learning the Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) exam, anatomical orientation can be difficult, especially in the subxiphoid and upper quadrant views. To facilitate understanding in these areas, a novel in-situ cadaver dissection was used to demonstrate anatomy related to the FAST exam. In situ, because the structures remained in normal positions with adjacent organs, layers, and spaces clearly visible from the point of view of the ultrasound probe.

Carbon nanotubes-assisted solid-phase microextraction for the extraction of gasoline in fire debris samples.

Gasoline is one of the most encountered ignitable liquids (IL) in fire debris analysis. The extraction of gasoline from fire debris samples presents challenges due to the complicated nature of multicomponent mixtures. This research work proposed a novel carbon nanotube-assisted solid phase microextraction (CNT-SPME) fiber coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine gasoline residues for fire debris analysis.

The differential impact of COVID-19 across health service psychology students of color: An embedded mixed-methods study.

Objectives: Communities of color in the United States systematically experience inequities in physical and mental health care compared to individuals who identify as non-Hispanic White. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic exacerbated these structural drivers of inequity to disproportionate and devastating effects for persons of color. In addition to managing the direct effects of COVID-19 risk, persons of color were also navigating increased racial prejudice and discrimination.

Comparing Perception of Sexual Intent and the Use of Sexual Coercion in Men and Women College Students.

Despite research showing that many college men and women have experienced misperception of their friendliness as sexual intent, such research has focused on this type of misperception only as a correlate of men's sexual aggression. In fact, regardless of methodology used many researchers seem to suggest women do not misperceive men's sexual intent, and in some instances may actually under-perceive it. We used a hypothetical scenario to determine whether men (n = 324) and women (n = 689) college students perceived similar sexual intent from a character who is not the same gender as they are, as depicted in a story about a man and woman on a "date.

Exploring the role of primary fibroblast cells in comparative physiology: a historical and contemporary overview.

With the advent of tissue culture, and eventually the in vitro growth and maintenance of individual cell types, it became possible to ask mechanistic questions about whole organism physiology that are impractical to address within a captive setting or within the whole organism. The earliest studies focused on understanding the wound-healing response while refining cell growth and maintenance protocols from various species. In addition to its extensive use in biomedical research, this approach has been co-opted by comparative physiologists interested in reductionist/mechanistic questions related to how cellular physiology can help explain whole organism function.