Effect of information awareness on attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination intentions in Japan.

Background: The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate among Japanese high school girls remains critically low, reflecting ongoing public apprehension and misinformation. This study explores the relationship between information presentation and attitudes toward HPV vaccination in Japan.

Methods: We conducted a web-based survey of female high school students aged 15 to 16 and mothers of daughters of similar age across Japan.

Stage IV malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma palliatively treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A case report.

Background: Malignant transformation (MT) of mature cystic teratoma (MCT) has a poor prognosis, especially in advanced cases. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has an inhibitory effect on MT.

Case Summary: Herein, we present a case in which CCRT had a reduction effect preoperatively.

Tight Anastomosis of the Pancreatojejunostomy During Pancreatoduodenectomy May Cause Late Acute Pancreatitis.

Background/aim: To investigate risk factors of late acute remnant pancreatitis after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), we propose the use of a suturing pitch calculated based on the diameter of the main pancreatic duct and the number of sutures used in the pancreatic duct-to-mucosa anastomosis. This study aimed to determine whether the suturing pitch can predict late acute pancreatitis following PD.

Patients And Methods: This study included 142 patients who underwent elective PD.

Validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the ACE tool for assessing evidence-based medicine competencies in medical practitioners and students: An evaluation in an online setting.

Introduction Evidence-based medicine (EBM) competency is crucial for healthcare professionals; however, validated tools to assess EBM skills in Japanese are scarce. This study aimed to develop and validate a Japanese version of the Assessing Competency in EBM (ACE) tool. Methods We translated the ACE tool into Japanese, following international standards, and distributed it online to 99 healthcare professionals and students.

Seasonal trends of pyogenic spondylodiscitis in Japan: a nationwide inpatient database study.

Objectives: The aims of this study were 1) to investigate seasonal epidemiological variations of pyogenic spondylodiscitis, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, in Japan, and 2) to evaluate associated inpatient outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective nationwide study using data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) inpatient database, covering the period from 2010 to 2022. The parameters assessed were seasonal incidence, demographic characteristics, inpatient mortality, complications, and medical costs.

Utility and safety of endoscopic papillary balloon dilation with small-incision sphincterotomy for small bile duct stones: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) for bile duct stones (BDS) can cause basket impaction with stone, complicating the procedure. In this study, we evaluated the utility and safety of small incision ES combined with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (sES + EPBD) (balloon dilated up to the stone size), compared with ES alone for BDS <12 mm.

Methods: The primary endpoint was the frequency of mechanical lithotripsy (ML), indicating the risk of basket impaction with stone; however, the secondary endpoints were procedure time, successful stone removal, and early adverse events.

Time-dependent improvements in pacing thresholds with lumenless leads placed in the right atrium.

Background: Traditional pacemaker implantation often poses risks, such as perforation when positioning atrial leads at the right atrial appendage (RAA). Recent advancements in delivery catheters have enabled atrial lead placement in the right atrial septum, potentially mitigating RAA-related complications. However, the performance of lumenless leads in this context remains unclear.

Comparison of outcomes between surgery and chemoradiotherapy after endoscopic resection for pT1a-MM with lymphovascular invasion or pT1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Japanese multicenter propensity score-matched study.

Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) or pT1b is noncurative after endoscopic resection (ER) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and therefore surgery or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is recommended. However, there has been debate regarding which treatment has better outcomes and whether individual risks should be considered.

Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective study conducted at 65 hospitals in Japan.

Evaluation of Confidence and Knowledge Regarding Chest Compression Training Among Children at a Health Promotion Event.

Introduction Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) significantly increases out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival rates. Early CPR implementation and public education are essential for everyone, including children. Despite challenges such as ensuring proper chest compression depth in children, early CPR training at school is beneficial and supported by various studies.

Association between Timing of Vascular Access Creation and Mortality in Patients Initiating Hemodialysis: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Japan.

Introduction: The optimal time for vascular access (VA) creation remains controversial.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study using data from the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry. Adult patients who started receiving hemodialysis in 2007 and had a permanent VA created were included.

Validation of a diagnostic flowchart for tuberculous pleurisy in pleural fluid with high levels of adenosine deaminase.

Introduction: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) in pleural fluid is a useful marker for diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy. However, recent studies have reported a lower specificity of pleural fluid ADA levels. We previously developed a diagnostic flowchart for patients with pleural fluid ADA ≥40 U/L, incorporating variables such as pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase <825 U/L, predominant pleural fluid neutrophils or cell degeneration, and a pleural fluid ADA/total protein ratio <14.

Prognostic Impact of a Decrease in Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Levels After Preoperative Therapy for 4 Months or More for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Abutting Major Arteries.

This study aimed to identify the prognostic factors after pancreatectomy for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer abutting major arteries (BR-A). We retrospectively investigated relationship between preoperative and intraoperative variables and overall survival (OS) through univariate and multivariate analyses. The cut-off points of preoperative therapy duration and response rates of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels after preoperative therapy were determined through a minimum -value approach using the log-rank test for OS.

Outcome of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly: Comparison of using and not using the floor standing pneumatic powered endoscope-holder system.

Introduction: Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery can be performed by two surgeons, including an endoscopist (PE/2S), and by a single surgeon with an endoscope-holder system (PE/1S + H). We analyzed the surgical outcome, and outcome predictors in acromegaly patients in endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery using floor standing pneumatic endoscope-holder system.

Methods: Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery was performed with PE/1S+H (n = 51) and PE/2S (n = 20).

Recipients of public assistance with advanced chronic kidney disease: insights into receiving a presentation of kidney replacement therapy options and polypharmacy from Japanese investigators with innovative network about kidney disease study.

Background: The characteristics of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are recipients of public assistance in Japan, and the adequacy of their medical care have not been reported previously.

Methods: The records of patients with CKD stage G5 who visited nine facilities in Japan from April to June 2013 were retrospectively reviewed to compare the characteristics and care of recipients of public assistance with those of non-recipients. Receiving a presentation of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) options and polypharmacy were used as indicators of suboptimal medical care.

Medical management of post-sublobar resection pulmonary granulomatous lesion: a report of two cases.

Background: Automatic stapling devices are commonly utilized in pulmonary resections, including sublobar segmentectomy. Large tumors can develop around the staple line, posing challenges in distinguishing them from cancer recurrence or inflammatory changes. In this report, we present two cases of symptomatic staple granulomatous lesion effectively managed with medications.

To teach is to learn twice, revisited: a qualitative study of how residents learn through teaching in clinical environments.

Background: Teaching helps the teacher's own learning as a professional-as the saying goes, 'to teach is to learn twice'. Near-peer teaching in clinical practice has been shown to contribute to the development of both teaching skills and necessary competencies for doctors. Research on how near-peer teachers learn through their teaching roles has mainly focused on classroom learning.

Role of Acute Physiotherapy in Bilateral Medial Medullary Infarction: A Case Report.

Bilateral medial medullary infarction (BMMI) is a rare stroke syndrome, which frequently has poor clinical outcomes. Reports on physical therapy for BMMI are few because of its poor prognosis. Therefore, this report aims to present a patient who developed BMMI and underwent well-considered rehabilitation.

Multicenter retrospective analysis of complications and risk factors in endoscopic resection for esophageal cancer across Japan.

Background: Endoscopic resection (ER) is a minimally invasive treatment for esophageal cancer that sometimes causes complications. To understand the real-world incidence and risk factors for these complications, a nationwide survey was conducted across Japan.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients who underwent ER for esophageal cancer from April 2017 to March 2018 (2017 complication analysis) and April 2021 to March 2022 (2021 complication analysis).