The Effect of Modafinil Treatment on Cravings in Methamphetamine Use Disorder.

There is a need for treatments that can reduce cravings in methamphetamine use disorder (MUD), which is trending upwards worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of modafinil treatment on substance craving in patients with MUD. The study included 100 patients with MUD who were being treated in an inpatient detoxification center.

Drug-refractory irritability and related factors in autistic children.

Objectives: Autistic children frequently exhibit irritability, which can manifest as aggression, self-injurious behaviour, and severe tantrums, leading to significant impairments. Two atypical antipsychotics have been licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of irritability in autistic children, although a significant percentage of these children do not respond to this treatment. This study aimed to determine the frequency of drug refractory irritability (DRI) and identify the risk factors in a large clinical sample of autistic children.

Fournier's Gangrene Mortality Index (FGMI): A New Scoring System for Predicting Fournier's Gangrene Mortality.

Objectives: Fournier's gangrene is an aggressive, rapidly progressing, and life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal and genital regions. Various scoring systems have been developed for predicting survival and prognosis in Fournier's gangrene. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the newly developed Fournier's gangrene mortality index (FGMI) in predicting mortality associated with Fournier's gangrene.

The Impact of Iodinated Contrast Media Used in Epidural Steroid Injections on Thyroid Function Tests.

Objective: The use of iodinated contrast media (ICM) inevitably increases in conjunction with the growing number of epidural steroid injection (ESI) administrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between thyroid functions and ICM exposure through ESI procedures.

Design: This is a prospective observational study.

Ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block for surgical anesthesia in wound care patients with ongoing anticoagulant/antiaggregant therapy: A single-center, prospective study.

Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks may be a good alternative in patients under antithrombotic drugs. We evaluated the efficacy of ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block in patients undergoing lower extremity wound debridement of whom antithrombotic drugs could not be stopped. We focused on hemorrhagic complications related to sciatic nerve block.

Comparative Effects of Stimulant and Antipsychotic Medications on Eating Behaviors and Weight in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Background/objectives: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with an increased risk of obesity and disordered eating behaviors. This study compared weight status and eating behaviors among drug-naïve ADHD children, those on stimulant monotherapy, those on combined stimulant and antipsychotic treatment, and healthy controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 547 children aged 6-12 years from four Turkish provinces: 361 with ADHD (152 drug-naïve, 156 on stimulants, and 53 on combined therapy), and 186 healthy controls.

C-reactive protein/albumin ratio as a novel predictor for nutritional status of geriatric patients.

Background And Aims: The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) is a novel parameter that has been reported as a significant prognostic marker in some diseases. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the predictive value of this ratio with regard to nutritional status in geriatric patients.

Methods And Results: A total of 154 geriatric patients (age ≥65 years) who consecutively presented to the internal medicine outpatient clinic were included in this cross-sectional study.

Factors Associated with Relapses in Alcohol and Substance Use Disorder.

Alcohol and substance use disorder (ASUD) is a chronic condition featuring relapses and remissions. Due to their multifactorial nature, the causes of relapses in ASUD are not fully understood and it is important to update the information. Therefore, we aimed to provide an update on research examining factors associated with relapses, organized into sections.

A challenging decision for emergency physicians: Routine repeat computed brain tomography of the brain in head trauma in infants and neonates.

Background: Head trauma is a leading cause of death and disability. While standard treatment protocols exist for severe head trauma, no clear follow-up standards are available for mild head trauma with positive imaging findings in infants and newborns. Although routine follow-up brain computed tomography (CT) imaging is not recommended for children with moderate and mild head trauma, the necessity for follow-up imaging in infants and newborns remains uncertain.

Ultrasound-Guided Cervical Selective Nerve Root Block versus Fluoroscopy-Guided Interlaminar Epidural Injection for Cervical Radicular Pain: A Randomized, Prospective, Controlled Study.

Ultrasound (US)-guided cervical selective nerve root block (CSNRB) procedures are increasingly being performed as an alternative to conventional fluoroscopy (FL)-guided epidural injections for the treatment of cervical radicular pain. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of US-guided CSNRB versus FL-guided interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injection (IL-CESI) for cervical radicular pain. A total of 60 patients with cervical radicular pain due to a single-level disc herniation were randomized into either the FL or US group.

Oligoclonal band count as a marker of disease activity and progression in multiple sclerosis: A multicenter study.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers provide critical insights into the pathophysiology and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS), as this study aimed to investigate the relationships between CSF oligoclonal band (OCB) counts and the clinical course and short-term prognosis of MS patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis covering a five-year period was conducted at two MS centers. Data on demographics, clinical presentation, MRI findings, EDSS scores, annualized relapse rate (ARR) in the first two years, and CSF analyses were analyzed.

Artificial Chordae Implantation vs Posterior Leaflet Preservation: A Comparison of Midterm Results After Mitral Valve Replacement.

Background: Various techniques have been proposed for the preservation of the subvalvular apparatus (SVA) in mitral valve replacement. This study aimed to compare the midterm results of posterior leaflet preservation with the results of selective preservation of the SVA involving artificial chordae implantation in terms of left ventricular performance in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement.

Methods: In total, 127 patients were included in this study.

Early maladaptive schemas in autogenous and reactive subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Aims: The aim of this study is to identify early maladaptive schemas in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to determine the use of these schemas in OCD autogenous and reactive subtypes.

Methods: The study population included 40 healthy volunteers, and 90 patients diagnosed with OCD. The Yale-Brown Obsession-Compulsion Scale (Y-BOCS) was administered to the OCD group to determine the severity of the disorder, and the Y-BOCS Symptom Checklist was applied to determine the patients with autogenous ( = 37) and reactive ( = 53) subtypes of OCD.

Turkish psychometric characteristics of the humanistic practice ability of nursing scale: differences by education, working year, and professional satisfaction.

Background: Humanistic nursing practices scientifically improve the knowledge structure of nursing, enrich its theoretical system and support its development. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the humanistic practice abilities of nurses.

Objective: This study aimed to test the psycholinguistic features, language and construct validity of the Humanistic Practice Ability of Nursing Scale and to examine it according to nurses' demographic characteristics.

Associations between neurological soft signs, executive functions, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Background: To determine the association between neurological soft signs, executive functions, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: Serum BDNF levels were measured in 87 drug-naive boys with ADHD, aged 7-12 years. The Revised Physical and Neurological Examination for Subtle Signs for neurological soft signs, Stroop Color-Word Test for attention functions, and Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JLOT) for visuospatial abilities were performed.

Use of flow cytometry method to detect contaminations of platelet suspensions.

In this study, it was aimed to investigate bacterial contamination in apheresis platelet suspensions (APS) by automated blood culture system and flow cytometry method (FCM).33 spiked APS each using 11 bacterial strains (5 standard strains, 6 clinical isolates), were prepared in three different dilutions (1-10, 10-50, 50-100 cfu/mL), incubated in two different temperatures (35-37 °C and 22-24 °C) and different incubation times (18-96 h) evaluated by FCM. This three different dilutions were also inoculated into special platelet culture bottles (BacT/ALERT® BPA) and loaded into the blood culture system.

Analysis of factors influencing target PASI responses and side effects of methotrexate monotherapy in plaque psoriasis: a multicenter study of 1521 patients.

Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used as first-line systemic treatment agent in psoriasis. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment responses of patients with psoriasis undergoing MTX monotherapy. Data from adult patients with plaque psoriasis who received MTX monotherapy for at least 3 months between April 2012 and April 2022 were retrospectively evaluated in 19 tertiary care centers.

Evaluation of the Patients with Recurrent Angina After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the most common causes of recurrent angina after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and our treatment approaches applied in these patients.

Methods: We included all patients who underwent CABG, with or without percutaneous coronary intervention after CABG, at our hospital from September 2013 to December 2019. Patients were divided into two groups according to the time of onset of anginal pain after CABG.

Psychiatric exemptions at call-up and during military service: A comparative study.

Military conscription is a legal obligation in many countries. Different psychiatric disorders may result in exemptions from compulsory military service. The study aimed to compare psychiatric diagnoses, and demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals exempted from conscription between the call-up and military service groups.

Evaluation of treatment outcomes and tolerability in older patients with rectal cancer treated with radiotherapy accompanied by the G-8 geriatric score: TROD13-003 multicenter study.

Introduction: The choice of treatment for rectal cancer often differs in older and younger patients, with the rate of radiotherapy use lower among older adults. In our daily practice, when evaluating a frail older patient with rectal cancer, we usually choose to give less treatment. This may be due to concern that the patient will not be able to tolerate radiotherapy.

Evaluation of endometrial receptivity in recurrent pregnancy loss and recurrent implantation failure.

Objective: The cause of implantation defects in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has not been clearly established. We aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical changes in HOXA-11, β1 integrin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), and extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) molecules during the receptive endometrial period in patients with RIF and RPL.

Materials And Methods: This study was retrospectively conducted at a university hospital.

The ATR inhibition by Elimusertib enhances the radiosensitivity of MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer in vitro.

Purpose: DNA damage response (DDR) is the principal mechanism regulating genomic stability and cell cycle checkpoint activation by coordinating DNA repair and apoptotic pathways. Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) play a significant role in the DDR due to its capability to detect a wide spectrum of DNA damage. Therefore, targeting DDR, specifically ATR, is a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.