[Primary Carcinoid Tumor of the Urinary Bladder : A Case Report].

An 81-year-old male was referred to our department with a tumor in the left wall of the urinary bladder, which was detected by contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomographic scan (CT), incidentally. Cystoscopy revealed a smooth non-papillary tumor. The patient underwent transurethral resection (TUR) of tumor.

Risk factors for cytomegalovirus reactivation in patients with kidney disease under immunosuppressive therapy.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpes virus that causes latent infections, and its reactivation due to immunosuppression can cause fatal complications. CMV reactivation is a complication frequently occurring in patients with kidney disease who require immunosuppressive therapy, and, therefore, this study retrospectively examined its risk factors.

Methods: Patients who received immunosuppressive therapy and underwent the CMV antigenemia test (CMV antigenemia: C7-HRP) for the treatment of primary nephritis (minimal change disease, membranous nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, focal glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated nephritis diagnosed at Saiseikai Kurihashi Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were recruited as study participants.

First successful case of percutaneous transabdominal thoracic duct embolization (PTTDE) for chylous ascites resulting from laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery.

A 61-year-old woman underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with extragastric lymph node dissection (D2). Two months later, she was readmitted to hospital to be treated for chylous ascites. Oral intake was discontinued and total parenteral nutrition started, but increasing body weight and decreasing serum albumin concentration was not controllable.

Successful rechallenge with cetuximab after an infusion related reaction to panitumumab in a patient with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Incidence of infusion related reaction (IR) is more common with cetuximab (Cmab) than with panitumumab (Pmab). Although little is known about rechallenge IR with monoclonal antibodies, we experienced a successful rechallenge to Cmab after IR to Pmab. A 67-year-old female patient was scheduled for chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6 plus Pmab against unresectable advanced rectal cancer in the hope of tumor shrinkage.

Body Weight Reduction of 5% Improved Blood Pressure and Lipid Profiles in Obese Men and Blood Glucose in Obese Women: A Four-Year Follow-up Observational Study.

Body weight reduction (BWR) of at least 3% in obese Japanese individuals through lifestyle interventions has improved the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to assess the relation between body weight change (BWC) and CVD risk change and to identify lifestyle improvement related to BWR in obese Japanese individuals. Subjects were 2579 health checkup examinees without medicated diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia, and a body mass index ≥25 kg/m who completed lifestyle questionnaires in 2008 and 2012.

Diabetes diagnostic thresholds of the glycated hemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose levels considering the 5-year incidence of retinopathy.

Aims: As retinopathy is used as a defining threshold of diabetes, we assessed the glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) values associated with an increased risk of 5-year incidence of retinopathy.

Methods: We studied HbA1c, FPG, and optic fundus findings of 2605 individuals without previously diagnosed diabetes annually during a 5-year period. Retinopathy was examined using non-mydriatic, 45° digital fundus photography.

Association of birthweight with diabetes and insulin sensitivity or secretion in the Japanese general population.

Aims/introduction: Low birthweight (birthweight <2,500 g) has been considered to be a risk factor for diabetes in data from Western countries, and its percentage is increasing in Japan. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between birth weight and diabetes, as well as both insulin resistance and secretion.

Materials And Methods: The participants were 847 adults who underwent health check-ups.

Prevalence of retinopathy and its risk factors in a Japanese population.

Aims/introduction: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy and validity of the current diagnostic cut-offs for diabetes by using data of health check-up examinees.

Materials And Methods: The study comprises 1,864 Japanese who participated in the general health check-up program and did not have a previous history of cardiovascular disease. Non-mydriatic 45° digital fundus photographs were taken twice annually.

[A brain metastasis from ampullary carcinoma: a case report].

We report a rare case of brain metastasis from ampullary carcinoma. A 61-year-old woman who had a past history of ampullary carcinoma surgically treated two year previously, presented with symptoms of left visual disturbance and left hemiparesis. Brain magnetic resonance images demonstrated a right occipital lobe tumor with peritumoral edema and midline shift.

Hepatic steatosis rather than visceral adiposity is more closely associated with insulin resistance in the early stage of obesity.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the specific relationship between hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in the early stage of obesity. Among general health examinees who received an ultrasound scanning, 131 subjects without fatty liver (non-FL group) and 142 subjects with fatty liver (FL group) were selected so that both groups were matched for age, sex, body mass index, and % body fat. The FL group was then subdivided into 2 groups according to the severity of steatosis by ultrasound.

Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with impaired glucose metabolism in Japanese adults.

Aims: To assess the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its association with impaired glucose metabolism in Japanese subjects.

Methods: One thousand, nine hundred and fifty subjects enrolled in a general health examination programme from September 2002 to February 2003 were recruited. NAFLD was diagnosed if a person showed 'fatty liver' on ultrasonography, and his/her alcohol consumption, estimated by questionnaire, was < 40 gram/week.

Using hydroxylapatite ceramic buttons covered with periosteum to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage: technical note.

Background: Many attempts have been made to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, but the procedures proposed to date are troublesome and not promising. We describe a method of completely preventing CSF leakage using hydroxylapatite ceramics.

Methods: Exposed frontal sinus, mastoid air cells, and frontal base defects caused by fracture are covered with periosteum or fascia and plugged with a trimmed hydroxylapatite ceramic button.

Induction of cerebral thrombosis with phenytoin in rats.

Background And Purpose: This study was conducted to explore whether intra-arterial infusion of phenytoin causes cerebral ischemia and to examine the mechanism of cerebral ischemia induced by phenytoin.

Methods: Ten rats were infused with phenytoin (150 microL, 3.75 mg) retrogradely from the left external carotid artery, followed by perfusion of carbon black transcardially.