Ultrasound localization of embolic material to guide resection of brain AVM: Report of two cases.

Background: The Spetzler-Martin Grade (SMG) is widely used to evaluate the risk of resection of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and direct surgery is strongly recommended for low SMG lesions. Micro-AVMs are defined as AVMs with a nidus <1 cm in diameter, and sometimes, the challenge is identifying the exact lesion site during AVM resection, although identification of the site is very important in the procedure. Here, we present two cases in which the sites of micro-AVM were marked using presurgical embolization and easily confirmed by intraoperative ultrasonography (IUS) and discuss the benefits of IUS in combination with presurgical embolization for low-grade micro-AVM.

[A Study of the Safety of Chemotherapy with Generic Oxaliplatin for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer].

Background: Generic oxaliplatin is widely used in colorectal cancer chemotherapy; however, studies on the adverse events of generic drugs are limited. We investigated the safety of brand-name and generic oxaliplatin used in capecitabine plus oxaliplatin(plus bevacizumab: Bmab)for colorectal cancer treatment.

Participants And Methods: A total of 86 patients who newly started CAPOX(plus Bmab)between January 2018 and January 2022 were included in this retrospective study, excluding those who changed to generic from the brand-name drug during the chemotherapy course.

A family with type A insulin resistance syndrome caused by a novel insulin receptor mutation.

Summary: A 17-year-old boy was referred to our endocrinology clinic for a clinical investigation of hyperinsulinemia. An oral glucose tolerance test showed plasma glucose concentrations in the normal range. However, insulin concentrations were considerably elevated (0 min: 71 μU/mL; 60 min: 953 μU/mL), suggesting severe insulin resistance.

[A case of sarcomatoid intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that was difficult to diagnose].

A 70-year-old man presented to our hospital with fever and abdominal pain. A mass was found in the left lobe of his liver. Three months later, disseminated peritoneal nodules and ascites appeared.

Derivation of Coagulation Phenotypes and the Association with Prognosis in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cluster Analysis of Nationwide Multicenter Study.

Background: The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of traumatic coagulopathy during traumatic brain injury is not well understood, and the appropriate treatment strategy for this condition has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate the coagulation phenotypes and their effect on prognosis in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury.

Methods: In this multicenter cohort study, we retrospectively analyzed data from the Japan Neurotrauma Data Bank.

Isolated Brainstem Congestion Caused By Craniocervical Junction Arteriovenous Fistula.

Although arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) at the craniocervical junction (CCJAVFs) are rare, they often develop into a subarachnoid haemorrhage when they have an ascending venous drainage, or cause venous congestion of the spinal cord with descending venous drainage. Isolated brainstem lesions due to CCJAVF are extremely rare, and, to our knowledge, the vascular architectural features that could cause such lesions are unknown. We present a case of CCJAVF manifesting as isolated brainstem congestion and review the literature on the vessel architecture of these rare lesions.

Inside Out Cranioplasty: A Novel Technique for One-Stage Reconstruction of Persistent Scalp Necrosis.

Background:  Cranioplasty can be a challenging procedure in certain patients, such as those with scalp necrosis, or when performed after multiple surgical procedures. Herein, we present a patient in whom a part of the skull was placed inside out in a setting where the scalp wound could not be simply sutured because of multiple previous operations.

Methods:  A 66-year-old patient with a history of multiple craniotomies to resect an intracranial tumor suffered significant skin flap necrosis after harvesting the superficial temporal artery for a bypass intending to ligate the internal carotid artery.

Characteristics of the cervical spine and cervical cord injuries in older adults with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Although the incidence of cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) has increased in older adults, its etiology and neurological outcomes remain unknown. We identified OPLL characteristics and determined whether they influence neurological severity and improvement of CSCI in older patients. This multicenter retrospective cohort study identified 1512 patients aged ≥ 65 years diagnosed with CSCI on admission during 2010-2020.

[A Case of Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer Occurring after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Using the Right Gastroepiploic Artery].

We present a case of 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with gastric cancer that occurred after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)with the right gastroepiploic artery(RGEA). Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a 0-Ⅱc lesion at the posterior wall of gastric angle, and diagnosis was cStage Ⅰ(T2N0M0). Cardiac computed-tomography showed an occlusion of the RGEA graft, suggesting that the RGEA graft could be ligated and dissected.

Hemoptysis due to a lung metastasis of renal cell carcinoma: A case report.

A 53-year-old man with a history of surgery for renal cancer was referred to our hospital due to massive hemoptysis. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed a well-enhanced pulmonary nodule suggestive of a tumor (diameter of 16 mm), which was considered a causal lesion. Bronchial artery embolization was successfully performed and subsequently hemoptysis disappeared.

Risk Factors for Early Mortality in Older Patients with Traumatic Cervical Spine Injuries-A Multicenter Retrospective Study of 1512 Cases.

For older patients with decreased reserve function, traumatic cervical spine injuries frequently lead to early mortality. However, the prognostic factors for early mortality remain unclear. This study included patients aged ≥65 years and hospitalized for treatment of traumatic cervical spine injuries in 78 hospitals between 2010 and 2020.

Epidemiology of Cervical Fracture/Cervical Spinal Cord Injury and Changes in Surgical Treatment Modalities in Elderly Individuals During a 10-year Period: A Nationwide Multicenter Study in Japan.

Study Design: Retrospective multicenter study.

Objectives: To investigate changes over a 10-years period in the profile of cervical spine and spinal cord injuries among the elderly in Japan.

Methods: The current multicenter study was a retrospective analysis of inpatients aged ≥65 years, suffering cervical fracture (CF) and/or cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI).

Predictive value of p53 and AXL immunostaining for the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapy after osimertinib treatment in patients with epidermal growth factor-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Current evidence indicates that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a limited efficacy in patients with lung cancer harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, there is a lack of data on the efficacy of ICIs after osimertinib treatment, and the predictors of ICI efficacy are unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed consecutive patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC who received ICI-based therapy after osimertinib treatment at 10 institutions in Japan, between March 2016 and March 2021.

Optic nerve sheath diameter as a quantitative parameter associated with the outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury undergoing hematoma removal.

Purpose: To determine the association between optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who undergo hematoma removal (HR).

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of data from a single center between 2016 and 2021. Adult patients with TBI who underwent HR within 24 h after admission were included in this study.

Quantitative Analysis of Ultrasonography for de Quervain's Disease: Comparison of the Affected Side With the Asymptomatic Side.

Objectives: The pathology of de Quervain's disease affects the tenosynovium and rarely the tendons. The ultrasonographic features of de Quervain's disease unresponsive to conservative treatment are unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the morphological differences between patients with de Quervain's disease that is refractory to conservative treatment and patients who respond to conservative treatment.

Risk and prognostic factors of invasive gastric cancer detection during surveillance endoscopy: Multi-institutional cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is important for the detection of curable gastric cancer (GC). However, there are no appropriate surveillance data during routine endoscopic inspections. This study aimed to clarify the risk factors of pT1b or deeper GC detection during surveillance endoscopy.

Risk factors for insufficient reduction after short-segment posterior fixation for thoracolumbar burst fractures: Does the interval from injury onset to surgery affect reduction of fractured vertebrae?

Background: Many surgeons have encountered patients who could not immediately undergo surgery to treat spinal fractures because they had associated injuries and/or because a complete diagnosis was delayed. For such patients, practitioners might assume that delays could mean that the eventual reduction would be insufficient. However, no report covered risk factors for insufficient reduction of fractured vertebra including duration from injury onset to surgery.

Effectiveness of Administration of Fibrinogen Concentrate as Prevention of Hypofibrinogenemia in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury with a Higher Risk for Severe Hyperfibrinolysis: Single Center Before-and-After Study.

Background: Coagulopathy is often observed in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), and hyperfibrinolysis (HF) is associated with a poor prognosis. Although the efficacy of fibrinogen concentrate (FC) in multiple trauma has been reported, its efficacy in sTBI is unclear. Therefore, we delineated severe HF risk factors despite fresh frozen plasma transfusion.

Clinical impact of amrubicin monotherapy in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Topoisomerase is an essential enzyme for deoxyribonucleic acid replication, and its inhibitors suppress tumor progression. Amrubicin, a topoisomerase II inhibitor, is mainly used in the second-line treatment of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, the impact of different types of topoisomerase inhibitors for first-line chemotherapy on the efficacy of amrubicin remains unclear.