Early-Onset Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Consequences in Cerebral Oxygenation and Outcome.

Background: Early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (EOVAP) occurs frequently in severe traumatic brain-injured patients, but potential consequences on cerebral oxygenation and outcome have been poorly studied. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence, risk factors for, and consequences on cerebral oxygenation and outcome of EOVAP after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study including all intubated TBI admitted in the trauma center.

Management of War-Related Ballistic Craniocerebral Injuries in a French Role 3 Hospital During the Afghan Campaign.

Introduction: France deployed to Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014 within the International Security and Assistance Force. A French role 3 hospital was built in 2009 in the vicinity of Kabul International Airport (KaIA). The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiology, management, and outcome of war-related craniocerebral injuries during the Afghan campaign in a French role 3 hospital.

Early neurological wake-up test in intubated brain-injured patients: A long-term, single-centre experience.

Background: In prehospital setting, a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) requires tracheal intubation, sedation and mechanical ventilation pending the initial imagery. An early neurological wake-up test (ENWT), soon after the initial imaging assessment, allows a rapid neurological reassessment. This strategy authorises an initial clinical examination of reference with which will be compared the later examinations.

Outcome Comparison in Children Undergoing Extracorporeal Life Support Initiated at a Local Hospital by a Mobile Cardiorespiratory Assistance Unit or at a Referral Center.

Purpose: To compare characteristics and outcome in children undergoing extracorporeal life support initiated in an extracorporeal life support center or at the patient's bedside in a local hospital, by means of a mobile cardiorespiratory assistance unit.

Methods: A retrospective study in a single PICU during 6 years. Extracorporeal life support was started either in our center (control group) or in the local hospital (mobile cardiorespiratory assistance unit group).

Blunt cerebrovascular injuries in severe traumatic brain injury: incidence, risk factors, and evolution.

OBJECTIVE Blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVIs) affect approximately 1% of patients with blunt trauma. An antithrombotic or anticoagulation therapy is recommended to prevent the occurrence or recurrence of neurovascular events. This treatment has to be carefully considered after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), due to the risk of intracranial hemorrhage expansion.

Military neurosurgery in operation: experience in the French role-3 medical treatment facility of Kabul.

Background: In 2009, during the war in Afghanistan, the increasing number of head injuries led to the deployment of a military neurosurgeon at the Kabul International Airport (KaIA) medical treatment facility, in March 2010. The main goal of this study was to depict the neurosurgical activity in this centre and to analyse its different aspects.

Method: A retrospective study of all the neurosurgical patients treated in KaIA from March 2010 to June 2013.

Is plasma GABA level a biomarker of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) severity? A preliminary study.

Objectives: An increased reactivity to the environment is observed in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It would be related to impairment of the Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) neurotransmission. The study aimed to evaluate plasma GABA concentration as a candidate for PTSD severity biomarker.

Vittel criteria for severe trauma triage: Characteristics of over-triage.

Aim: Over-triage rates related to the use of Vittel criteria are unknown. We compared severe stable trauma patients with and without significant visceral injuries.

Study Design: A single-centre retrospective analysis of a single-centre prospective cohort.

Teledermatology in Low-Resource Settings: The MSF Experience with a Multilingual Tele-Expertise Platform.

Introduction: In 2010, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) launched a tele-expertise system to improve the access to specialized clinical support for its field health workers. Among medical specialties, dermatology is the second most commonly requested type of tele-expertise. The aim of the present study was to review all MSF teledermatology cases in the first 4 years of operation.

Is there still a benefit to operate appendiceal abscess on board French nuclear submarines?

Appendicular abscess occurred in 14.2% of patients presenting acute appendicitis. Management of these patients remains controversial, ranging from an emergency appendectomy to a nonoperative treatment.

Predive sauna and venous gas bubbles upon decompression from 400 kPa.

Introduction: This study investigated the influence of a far infrared-ray dry sauna-induced heat exposure before a simulated dive on bubble formation, and examined the concomitant adjustments in hemodynamic parameters.

Methods: There were 16 divers who were compressed in a hyperbaric chamber to 400 kPa (30 msw) for 25 min and decompressed at 100 kPa x min(-1) with a 4-min stop at 130 kPa. Each diver performed two dives 5 d apart, one with and one without a predive sauna session for 30 min at 65 degrees C ending 1 h prior to the dive.